ObjectiveTo evaluate the two common anesthesia techniques used in the hip joint replacement surgery (HJRS) and provide references to the most reasonable choice for them. MethodsTo undertake a retrospective study on 34 patients that received continuous epidural anesthesia(CEA) or combined intravenous and inhaled anesthesia(CIIA)respectively in HJRS. Results and Conclusions CEA had higher incidence of bone cement reaction than that of CIIA, whereas there was no significant difference in blood loss and the anesthesia efficacy between them. CIIA seemed to be easier to be performed. CIIA sounds more reasonable than CEA in HJRS although both of them are safe anesthesia techniques.

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of actin and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) in the injury repair and the development of emphysema.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the smoking and infection group (group SI) and the control group (group C). The rats of group SI received smoking irritation accompanying with repeated intranasal infection. Subgroups of the experimental animals were killed in the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 16th weeks respectively. The morphological changes of lungs were compared and PaO(2), PaCO(2) as well as the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were analysed. The lung sections were stained with immunohistochemistry for actin and TGF-beta(1).

RESULTSIn comparison with animals of group C, thickening of the bronchiolar walls, narrowing of bronchiolar lumens, and area of emphysema were much severe in animals of group SI (P < 0.05). The muscularization of intra-alveolar arteries in group SI in the 16th week was apparent in comparing with that in group C (P < 0.05). PaO(2) values in group SI were significantly decreased, and RVSP values in group SI were significantly increased in the 8th and 16th week (P < 0.05). Actin expression was increased in animals of group SI in the 4th and 8th week (0.24 +/- 0.06 and 0.25 +/- 0.05) in comparing with that of group C (0.09 +/- 0.03) (P < 0.05). Animals of group SI showed a significant increase of TGF-beta(1) in lung tissue in different periods as mentioned in above (33.33 +/- 12.11, 45.71 +/- 15.12, 71.43 +/- 16.76 and 86.25 +/- 20.66 respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe increased expression of actin and TGF-beta(1) protein in small airways induced by smoking irritation and Klebsiella Pneumoniae may interfere with the repair response, and contributes to the development of emphysema.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bronchi ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Female ; Klebsiella Infections ; microbiology ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Smoking ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

This case report we presented is that the anomalous left main coronary artery (LMCA) originates from the proximal segment of right coronary artery. In order to confirm the origin and course of the anomalous LMCA, a multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) of the heart was performed on a 64-slice machine (Philips 64 Slice, Philips, USA) after 6 months of coronary angiography operation. The results showed that the anomalous LMCA originates from the proximal segment of right coronary artery, lies posteriorly to the aorta before taking acute sharply to go between the aorta and left atrium. It was classified as R-II P subtype according to Lipton’s classification. It is a rare case in the clinical practice.
Aged ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; diagnosis ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Humans ; Male

This study aims to analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 strains prevailing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China. The pol gene fragments from 250 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected MSM individuals during 2006-2010 in Beijing were amplified by RT-nested PCR, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. HIV-1 pol gene from 189 individuals were amplified and analyzed; 81 (42. 9%), 3 (1. 6%), 2 (1.0%), 88 (46. 6%), and 15 (7.9%) individuals were infected with HIV-1 subtypes B, B', C, CRF01_AE, and CRF07_BC, respectively. The subtypes B and CRF01_AE could both be grouped into two clusters, and CRFO7_BC strains shared high homology and were presumed to originate from a common ancestor. The HIV-1 circulating in MSM in Beijing had a lower genetic diversity than in heterosexuals. The HIV-1 epidemic (2006-2010) in MSM in Beijing was actually a rapid spread of HIV-1 CRF01 AE and B, or rather native strains of the two viruses.
Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Epidemics ; Genetic Variation ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Homosexuality, Male ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Young Adult

Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease with high incidence in middle-aged and old-aged population. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor which target mainly is NF-kappaB. This observation is to study the clinical treatment effect of bortezomib in one relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) patient and one primary refractory MM patient. The first patient diagnosed as IgA IIIA stage, whose state of disease became worse after 8 months of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. And the disease became further aggressive with 4 courses of chemical therapy regimen including methylprednisolone, Arsenic trioxide, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, VM-26. Myeloma cells in bone marrow and abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin in blood plasma both increased. Bone destruction became severe, and there was a plasmacytoma about 5 x 6 cm on the patient's right upper chest wall. Therefore, the patient received therapy of bortezomib combined with doxrubicin, dexamethasone and thalidomide (VADT). After one course of therapy with this VADT regimen, IgA in blood plasma decreased from 54 g/L to 6.6 g/L, and abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow decreased from 40% to 0.6%, and plasmacytoma on the patient's right upper chest wall almost absorbed. But there was no obvious clinical effect after the second course of therapy of VADT, and the disease status became progressive again. The second patient was MM patient with a light chain kappa type, III B stage. There was no any effect after two courses of VAD therapy and one course of MOFP therapy. The patient acquired near complete remission after one course of treatment with VADT. Quantity of kappa protein in urine reduced from 24 - 30 g/24 hours to 1.12 g/24 hours. Blood creatinine reduced from 475.3 micromol/L to 124.2 micromol/L. Beta2-MG reduced from 161g/L to 64 g/L. And this patient got complete remission after three consecutive VADT therapy. The mainly side effects of the bortezomib regimen in the first patient include markedly lassitude, diarrhea, numbness of the end of extremities, marked increase of LDH. All the side effects could be tolerated and became disappeared after contraposing treatment and stopping the bortezomib regimen therapy. The second patient complicated with severe subacute left hemiplegia after the bortezomib dose had been increased to 1.45 mg/m2 at the third time of the first VADT course and the complication became worst at the following day. The upper limb muscle strength was only 1 grade and the lower limb muscle strength was 2 grade. Then the condition improved with the support therapy and gradually recovered after two weeks. Therefore, bortezomib is an effective target drug for therapy in refractory multiple myeloma, and more attentions to the side effects should be paid in order to deal with those side effects in time.
Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Protease Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Salvage Therapy

OBJECTIVETo search for a better therapy for prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disk.

METHODSOne hundred and sixteen cases were randomly divided into a treatment group treated with round sharp needle plus massage, and a control group with filiform needle plus massage, 58 cases in each group. Changes of symptoms and signs were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 98.2% in the treatment group and 82.8% in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONRound sharp needle combined with massage has a better therapeutic effect on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disk.

Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Massage ; Needles ; Prolapse

Objective To understand the forming cause of the Oncomelania hupensis snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis(SENEAS),and to verify the conclusion of previous studies,so as to provide the evidence for schistosomiasis monitoring in such areas in Nantong City,Jiangsu Province. Methods The controlled field tests were carried out to observe the O. hupensis snails artificially infected by schistosome miracidia in SENEAS. The influence of the soil from SENEAS and the en-demic areas on O. hupensis snails artificially infected by miracidia were observed. Results All the experimental snails could be infected by schistosome miracidia except the smooth-shell snails from Tangyuan Village in the controlled field test environment of SENEAS or the endemic areas. The infection rates of the smooth-shell snails were lower than those of the ribbed-shell snails , but there were no statistically significant differences. The mortality rates of the smooth-shell snails were higher than those of the ribbed-shell snails,which were statistically significant (χ2Xindian = 135.118,χ2Shuangdian = 122.836,χ2Baipu =154.436,χ2Dingyan =138.288,χ2Control=151.923,all P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the infection rates of snails between each test group of the soil from SENEAS and the endemic areas(χ2Rugao=0.071,χ2Rudong=0.216,both P>0.05). Also there was no signifi-cant difference between each test group and the control group without soil(χ2=7.148,P>0.05). Conclusion It is likely to form the spread of schistosomiasis in SENEAS in Nantong City with sufficient amount of infection source of schistosomiasis im-ported. It is still necessary to implement the surveillance of schistosomiasis and O. hupensis snails in Nantong City.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features, biological behavior, diagnosis and treatment of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPTP).

METHODSA retrospective clinical and clinicopathologic analysis was made on 33 cases of SPTP admitted from May 2001 to 2010 July. There were 7 male and 26 female patients, aging from 13 to 66 years with a mean of 34.3 years.

RESULTSThe tumor was located in pancreatic head of 10 patients, in pancreatic neck of 5 patients, in pancreatic body and tail of 18 patients. Of the 33 patients treated with surgery, 8 underwent simple resection of pancreatic tumor, 6 underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, 3 underwent tumor resection plus pancreaticojejunostomy, 1 underwent tumor resection plus pancreaticogastrostomy, 11 underwent distal pancreatectomy, 4 underwent distal pancreatectomy plus spleen resection (1 underwent mesohepatectomy for hepatic metastasis). Sixteen of the 33 operations were completed by laparoscopy. Histologically, tumors were composed of papillary and microcystic solid structures, with uniformed population of cells. The pancreas and blood vessels invasion were identified in 3 cases, one of them was combined with liver metastasis, and they are male. Immunohistologically, the tumors were positive for α1-antitrypsin, α1-antichymotrypsin, β-catenin, CD10, CD56 and vimentin (all cases), neuron-specific enolase (3 cases), synaptophysin (6 cases), chromogranin A (4 cases), progesterone receptor (28 cases), estrogen receptor (3 cases), S-100 (6 cases). Totally 33 cases were followed up with a median period of 49 months without tumor recurrence.

CONCLUSIONSSPTP is of low graded malignancy. It primarily affects young women. It may be located in any part of pancreas. Immunohistochemistry is very important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SPTP. Surgical resection is recommended as the treatment of choice. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy or tumor resection is feasible and safe for some selected patients, and the prognosis is good.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of calmodulin antagonist O-(4-ethoxyl-butyl)-berbamine (EBB) on proliferation of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and its possible mechanism.

METHODSMTT assay was used to analyze the effect of EBB on tumor cells growth. Flow cytometry was used to detect its impact on the cell cycle of MCF-7 cells. Immunofluoresce labeling technique and laser scanning confocal microscope were used to reveal the changes of the microtubule, microfilament, mitochondrion, and endoplasmic reticulum in the cells.

RESULTSThe IC50 value of EBB in MCF-7 cells was (13.0 +/- 3.7) micromol/L. MCF-7 cells were arrested at S phase after EBB treatment. Meanwhile, depolymerization of the microtubule and microfilament, impairment of the mitochondrion and swelling of endoplasmic reticulum were observed.

CONCLUSIONEBB arrests MCF-7 cells at S phase by inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cells, which may be related to the changes of structures and functions of the microtubule, microfilament, mitochondrion, and endoplasmic reticulum.

Benzylisoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Calmodulin ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans

The genes encoding for the light and heavy chain variable regions (V(H) and V(L)) has been cloned by RT-PCR from a murine hybridoma that produced monoclonal antibody (mAb) Ycom1D3, which was against domain III of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II (KDRIII) and were then connected to each other by a short peptide linker containing 15 amino acids (Gly4Ser)3 using splice-overlap extensive PCR. The recombinant Ycom1D3-ScFv gene was cloned into the expression vector pAYZ and induced to express in E. coli 16C9. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant Ycom1D3-ScFv gene was expressed in E. coli 16C9 and the relative molecular weight of the fusion protein is 30kD which was consistent with the theoretically predicted value. ScFv expression was in the form of an inclusion body and the purified fusion protein was obtained after a series of purification steps including cell breakage, inclusion body solubilization, TALON metal affinity chromatography and protein refolding. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the ScFv fragment can react with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) which express KDR on the cell surface. In Conclusion, Recombinant Ycom1D3-ScFv gene has been successfully constructed and expressed in E. coli 16C9, which could be useful in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; immunology