The 29 medical records about acupuncture and moxibustion in Zhenjiu Dacheng are involved in the internal, surgical, gynecological, pediatric and five sense organs diseases and symptoms. Analysis on characteristics of these medical records and absorbing experiences of predecessors can better guide clinical application. Analysis of results indicates that these medical records have the characteristics of combination of acupuncture, moxibustion and medicine, less and better point selection, and stressing reinforcing-reducing of manipulation, at the same time, it reflects YANG's train of thought in clinical diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Acupuncture ; methods ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Moxibustion ; methods

It is generally believed that peripheral facial paralysis is mainly caused by vacancy of collaterals, invasion of pathogenic wind-cold and wind-heat to facial tendons and meridians, which lead to stagnation of qi and blood, loss of nourishment of tendons, and flaccidity of muscle. The authors belive that the main etiology and pathogenesis of facial paralysis could be deficiency of yin and blood, emptiness of Yangming and Shaoyang collaterals, lack of liver blood which all lead to loss of nourishment, which is combined with exogenous pathogenic wind-cold, that causes stagnation of meridian qi, loss of nourishment of tendons, and flaccidity of muscle. Thus, yin and yang of the Governor Vessel and the Conception Vessel should be regulated for treatment, Siguan (LR 3 and LI 4) should be always used in points selection, and moxibustion should be applied carefully.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Facial Paralysis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Meridians ; Yin-Yang

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Schisandra chinensis lignans (SCL) on neuronal apoptosis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of rats in the cerebral ischemia injury model, and study its possible mechanism.

METHODRats were orally administered SCL high, middle and low dose groups (100, 50, 25 mg x kg(-1)) for 14 days. The cerebral ischemia injury model was established by using the suture-occluded method to rate the neurological functions. The cerebral infarction area was observed by TTC staining. The pathological changes in brain tissues were determined by HE staining. Bcl-2 and Bax expressions were detected by immunohistochemical assay. The protein expressions of p-AKT and AKT were assayed by Western blotting.

RESULTCompared with the model group, SCL high, middle and low dose groups showed reduction in the cerebral infarction area to varying degrees, improve the pathological changes in brain tissues, promote the expression of apoptin Bcl-2 and p-AKT, and inhibit the expression of apoptin Bax.

CONCLUSIONSCL shows a protective effect on rats with cerebral ischemia injury. Its mechanism may be related to the increase in p-AKT ability and antiischemic brain injury capacity and the inhibition of nerve cells.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lignans ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phytotherapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Textual researches of the origin of medical records indicate that the medical workers in the Qin and Han periods had definite purpose for collection of medical records and show important position of Records of the Historian in developing history of medical records. Analysis on concrete medical records indicates that medical records of acupuncture and moxibustion in Zhenji in writing also formed a certain style and reflected doctors' some trains of thought in clinical diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Moxibustion ; history

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and Motilium on diabetic gastroparesis (DGP).

METHODSSeventy-two cases of DGP were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group were treated with needling method for harmonizing spleen-stomach as main, with Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Zhongwan (CV 12), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Xuehai (SP 10), Diji (SP 8), and others selected, twice each day, 10 days constituting one course, with an in terval of 2 days; the control group were treated with oral administration of Motilium 10 mg, 3 times each day, 30 min before meals.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of 91.7% in the treatment group was better than 77.8% in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of the needling method for harmonizing spleen-stomach on diabetic gastroparesis is better than that of Motilium.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Diabetes Complications ; therapy ; Female ; Gastroparesis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Stomach ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVEThis study explored the dynamic expression of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase gene, Arkadia, in response to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in a mouse model and investigated the differential expression that occurs following treatment with the anti-fibrotic bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7).

METHODSThirty healthy male imprinting control region (ICR) mice were randomly assigned to three groups: normal (control; n = 6), CCl4-induced model group (model; n = 18), and CCl4-induced model with BMP-7 treatment group (treatment; n = 6). The model group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 6 each) for analysis at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after fibrosis induction. Liver fibrosis was induced by hypodermic injections of 60% CCl4 /peanut oil (5 mL/kg) to the hind legs of mice two-times per week in alternating legs for a period of 12 weeks. At week 9, the treatment group of CCl4-induced mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of BMP-7 (300 pg/g) simultaneously with that day's hypodermic injection of 60% CCl4 /peanut oil, and then every other day for a period of four weeks. The pathological changes in liver tissues were observed after staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of Arkadia in liver were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively.

RESULTSMouse models of liver fibrosis were successfully established by CCl4 exposure. Arkadia, Smad7 and TGF-beta1 mRNA levels were up-regulated in the model group in a time-dependent manner (vs. control group), and BMP-7 treatment led to significant down-regulation of the CCl4-induced expression of the three genes (vs. control group: F = 812.80, 451.46, and 998.96, respectively; P less than 0.01). At week 12, the mRNA levels of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 were significantly lower in the BMP-7 treatment group than in the model group (t = 12.108, 18.737, and 16.364, respectively; P less than 0.01). Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 protein staining was weak in the portal area of control liver tissue. In contrast, the model group showed significantly stronger staining for all three proteins in the portal area and in the cytoplasm of liver cells. The staining of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 proteins was significantly lower in the treatment group (vs. control group: F = 8.399, 609.690, and 900.561, respectively; P < 0.01). At week 12, the protein levels of Arkadia, Smad7, and TGF-b1 were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the model group (t = 23.438, 11.667, and 42.889, respectively; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONArkadia expression gradually increased along with the development of liver fibrosis but was suppressed by treatment with the anti-fibrotic factor, BMP-7.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo estimate the effect of influenza-like illness (ILI) on outpatient visits and assess its impact on public health.

METHODSWe analyzed the data of weekly number of ILI and outpatient visits in Departments of Internal Medicine, Pediatrics and Emergency at two influenza surveillance hospitals during a period of 137 weeks in Guangzhou. Spectral analysis and time-series analysis were performed to evaluate the variation of outpatient visits over time. The predictive model was fitted with weekly outpatient visits as the dependent variable and weekly number of ILI as the independent variable. The optimal model was established according to the coefficient of determination, Akaike-information criterion and residual analysis. The validity of the model was assessed prospectively using the 31-week data that were not used for the model establishment.

RESULTSThe outpatient visits increased significantly over time and showed significant seasonality (P<0.001). A significant correlation was found between the weekly number of ILI and outpatient visits (r=0.568, P<0.001). The residuals of the fitted autoregression model were white-noise series and the coefficient of determination was 75% for the data used to establish the model and 56% for the subsequent 31-week data.

CONCLUSIONSThe autoregression model can be used to estimate the effect of weekly number of outpatient visits based on the weekly number of ILI and thus assess the effects of influenza on public health.

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data ; Outpatients ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo express and purify Schistosoma japonicum ribosomal protein S4(SjRPS4) in Escherichia coli, and assess its value in immunodiagnosis of Schistosomiasis japonica.

METHODSGene fragment of SjRPS4 was amplified by screening the cercaria cDNA library of Schistosoma japonicum. The target gene was cloned into the expressive vector pQE30 and transformed into E. coli M15. The recombinant protein expression was induced by isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG). This fusion protein was purified by Ni(2+)-NTA chromatography and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blot and ELISA.

RESULTSThe plasmid pQE30/SjRPS4 was constructed successfully and expressed a SjRPS4 fusion protein in E. coli as showing a single special band on SDS-PAGE gel at Mr 30 × 10(3) position. It reached a purity of above 90% after purification. The Western blot result confirmed that the recombinant protein could specifically react with the serum samples from patients of schistosomiasis. Detecting the serum of Schistosomiasis japonica patients by ELISA, the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA method were 90.91% (70/77) and 92.59% (25/27), the positive rate of recombinant protein expression was 67.30% (70/104). There was no cross-reaction with paragonimiasis patients' serum.

CONCLUSIONProtein SjRPS4 was successfully cloned and expressed, and it was confirmed that SjRPS4 antibodies were valuable in the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis japonica.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth ; blood ; Antigens, Helminth ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins ; genetics ; Schistosoma japonicum ; genetics ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Sensitivity and Specificity

AIMTo study the effects of hyperthermia on brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and middle latency response (MLR) in rats.

METHODSBAEP and MLR were recorded at the skull surface of rats. The body temperature of anesthetized rats increased gradually with a physical method and was detected by a digital thermometer inserted into the rectum. The peak latency (PL), interpeak latency (IPL), wave amplitude and the critical body temperature at which BAEP and MLR completely lost had been observed.

RESULTSAll PL and I - II, I - III and I -IV IPL of BAEP shortened more and more as the body temperature increased step by step from 37 degrees C to 41.5 degrees C. But all PL and I - II and I -IV IPL did not shortened further and prolonged a little contrary as the body temperature at 42 degrees C and over 42 degrees C. All PL and P1-P3 and P2-P3 IPL of MLR also shortened as the body temperature increased from 37 degrees C to 43 degrees C. The wave amplitudes of BAEP and MLR decreased as the body temperature increased, especially as the body temperature over 42 degrees C. BAEP and MLR lost completely and synchronously at the body temperature (43.1 +/- 0.5) degrees C, which was not reversed as the body temperature returning to normal by cooling.

CONCLUSIONThere were obvious effects of hyperthermia on both BAEP and MLR in rats, and irreversible impairments appeared at a critical body temperature.

Animals ; Body Temperature ; Brain Stem ; physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; physiology ; Fever ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reaction Time ; physiology

Dried herb of Delphinium brunonianum Royle (Ranunculaceae) has long been used under the herbal name "Xiaguobei" (Delphinii Brunoniani Herba) in traditional Tibetan medicine and prescribed for the treatment of influenza, itchy skin rash and snake bites. In order to find a useful and convenient method for the identification of microscopic features, the technique of fluorescence microscopy was applied to authenticate "Xiaguobei" of Tibet. The transverse sections of stem and leaf, as well as the powder of "Xiaguobei" were observed to seek for typical microscopic features by normal light and fluorescence microscopy. A style-like, single-cell glandular hair containing yellow secretions on the leaf, young stem and sepal of "Xiaguobei" was found. Under the fluorescence microscope, the xylem and pericycle fiber group emitted significant fluorescence. This work indicated that fluorescence microscopy could be an useful additional method for the authentication work. Without the traditional dyeing methods, the main microscopic features could be easily found by fluorescence microscopy. The results provided reliable references for the authentication of "Xiaguobei".
Biometric Identification ; Delphinium ; anatomy & histology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; Plant Stems ; anatomy & histology ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; Powders ; Tibet