AIM To study the changes of IgE, IL-4 and IFN-y in serum and pulmonary tissue homogenate of asthmatic guinea pigs and the effects of scoparone on them. METHODS To divide animals into three groups: control, asthma and scoparone treatment groups. Choose the model guinea pigs of asthma sensitized with OA, and observe the changes of IgE, IL-4 and IFN-r in serum and pulmonary tissue homogenate of asthmatic guinea pigs and the effects of scoparone on them by means of chemolumi nescence, radio immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoabsordent assay. RESULTS IgE and IL-4 in serum and pulmonary tissue homoge-nate of asthmatic guinea pigs obviously increase (P

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of glutamic acid(Glu) levels,ATP levels,free calcium ion,mitochondrial membrane potential,apoptosis related to mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and Na+-K+-ATPase activity,and explore the mechanism of mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis in neuron injury of rats with kainite acid(KA)-induced epilepsy.Methods KA-induced epilepsy model was induced by injection of KA into the hippocampus.Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group(n=8)and KA group(6 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,n=8).The concentration of Glu in hippocampus CA3 area was detected by high performance liquid chromatography.The apoptosis of hippocampus neurons and the concentration of Ca2+ were assayed by flow cytometry.The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1.The Na+-K+-ATPase activity was examined.Results 1.The concentration of Glu in hippocampus increased at 3 d after KA injection and reached the peak after 7 d injection.2.The concentration of Ca2+ level,mitochondrial membrane potential,and the number of apoptosis neurons were significantly increased,wherase the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased after 6 h of KA injection,7 d after KA injection,and the changes were more severe.3.In the hippocampus,the activities of the Na+-K+-ATPase significantly decreased at 1 d after KA injection,and they decreased more over at 7 d after KA injection.4.The levels of ATP,mitochondrial membrane potential,and the activity of the Na+-K+-ATPase were negatively correlated with the neuron apoptosis(Pa

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Pyridines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Smoking

Objective:To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus(HBV)gene mutation at 1896 in precore region with genotype and replication of HBV and the liver function of patients.Methods:HBV precore 1896 site mutation,the genotype of HBV and serum content of HBV DNA were determined by PCR in 60 patients positive of HBV DNA.Chemiluminescence miacropaticle immunoassay(CMIA)was used for detection of serum HBeAg and HBeAb.Liver function parameters were ob- tained by routine biochemistry method.Results:The alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level in HBV with 1896 site mutation was significantly higher than that in the wildtype virus.Site mutation at 1896 had no correlation with HBeAg,HBV genotype and HBV DNA content.HBV DNA content in patient with genotype C was significantly higher than that with genotype B(P

Objective To explore the changes of contents of glutamate (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) in hippocampus formation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in kainite acid(KA) induced epilepsy rats.Methods SD rats(n=40) were divided into 2 groups randomly:the KA group [intracerebroventricular injection(icv) of KA, 2 ?g/kg] and control group(icv of NS). KA group were divided into 4 groups at 6 h,1,3 and 7 d,each group 8 rats.High pressure liquid chromatgraphy(HPLC) was used to assess the concentrations of Glu and Asp in hippocampus formation and CSF.Results In the hippocampus, the contents of Glu and Asp increased continuously 1 d after seizure , but not different from those of control group.Three days later, only Glu became significantly different from control group. However, the contents of Glu and Asp in the CSF were significantly different from the control 6 h after seizure.Conclusion The contents of excite amino acid (especially Glu)in CSF increase immediately after KA injection, which are earlier than those in hippocampus formation.

OBJECTIVETo explore morphological character and clinical significance of superior-posterior acetabular wall by anatomically measuring and quantitatively analyzing thickness of posterior acetabular wall, then provide a theoretical reference for clinical treatment of acetabular fracture.

METHODSFifteen adult formalin-preserved cadaveric pelvises (8 males and 7 females) were used for this investigation. Excess soft tissue was removed and the whole acetabular posterior walls were marked with "angle" sector method and the thickness was measured with caliper in different levels of the different split points. The measurement results were validated and analyzed statistically.

RESULTSAt 5 mm away from acetabular rim, the average thickness of superior-posterior acetablar wall fluctuated between (6.47±0.61) mm and (7.43±0.71) mm; the average thickness of inferior-posterior acetabuluar wall fluctuated between (5.62±0.51) mm and (6.33±0.61) mm; the average thickness of acetabular roof fluctuated between (7.71±0.74) mm and (8.27±0.99) mm. There was no statistical difference between average thickness of superior-posterior wall of acetabulum and inferior-posterior wall of acetabulum (P>0.05), but the average thickness of acetabular roof was significantly larger than superior-posterior acetabular wall (P<0.05). At 10 mm away from the acetabular rim, the average thickness of superior-posterior acetabular wall fluctuated between (8.81±0.67) mm and (13.35±0.89)mm; the average thickness of inferior-posterior acetabular wall fluctuated between (7.02±0.63) mm and (7.66±0.69) mm; the average thickness of acetabular roof fluctuated between (14.46±0.97) mm and (17.05±1.35) mm. Comparatively, the average thickness of superior-posterior acetabular wall was significantly larger than inferior-posterior wall of acetabulum (P<0.05), and the average thickness of acetabular roof was significantly larger than superior-posterior acetabular wall (P<0.01). At 15 mm away from the acetabular rim, the average thickness of superior-posterior acetabular wall fluctuated between (12.08±0.78) mm and (19.84±1.03) mm; the average thickness of inferior-posterior acetabular wall fluctuated between (10.17±0.76) mm and (11.12± 0.77) mm; the average thickness of acetabular roof fluctuated between (23.23±1.12) mm and (26.01±1.53) mm. Comparatively, the average thickness of superior-posterior wall of acetabulum was significantly larger than inferior-posterior acetabular wall (P<0.01), and the average thickness of acetabular roof was significantly larger than superior-posterior acetabular wall (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe thickness of entire acetabular posterior edge revealed an increasing tendency from inferior-posterior wall to the superior-posterior wall to acetabular roof. And this trend became more obvious with increasing distance away from acetabular rim. Therefore, the superior-posterior acetabular wall could not only maintain the stability of hip joint but also bear loading.

Acetabulum ; anatomy & histology ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To investigate whether pro-inflammatory cytokines ( PICs) in the paraventricular nucleus ( PVN) regulate the enhanced sympathetic activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR) , and whether N-methyl-Daspartate receptor ( NMDAR ) in PVN mediate the effects of PICs on sympathetic activities. Methods SHR and normotensive wistar-Kyoto( WKY) rats were used in this experiment. TNF receptor and IL-1β receptor ( IL-1RI) protein levels were measured by Western blot. PICs, including TNF-α and IL-1β levels were measured by ELISA. Rats were placed in a stereotaxic instrument to complete the microinjection of drugs. The coordinates for the PVN were determined according to the Paxinos and Watson rat atlas. The raw RSNA and integrated RSNA were simultaneously recorded on a PowerLab data acquisition system. The right carotid artery was cannulated for recording of mean arterial pressure ( MAP) . Results TNF-α receptor p55TNFR, p75TNFR and IL-1βreceptor IL-1RI protein expression and TNF-αand IL-1βlevels in PVN were all increased in SHR compared with WKY rats (P< 0. 05). Bilateral microinjection of etanercept or IL-1ra into PVN to block the effects of TNF-αor IL-1βdecreased the sympathetic activities in SHR rats significantly (P< 0. 05). Bilateral microinjection of NMDAR blockers, both DL-2amino-5-phosphonovaleri acid ( APV) and MK-801 ( Dizocilpine) into PVN decreased the RSNA and MAP in both SHR and WKY rats. APV or MK 801 caused greater decreases in RSNA and MAP in SHR than WKY rats. In addition, pretreatment with APV or MK 801 attenuated the increased RSNA and MAP caused by microinjection of TNF-αor IL-1βinto PVN to a lower level in SHR than in WKY rats (P< 0. 05). Conclusions TNF and IL-1βreceptor protein as well as TNF-αand IL-1βcytokines levels in PVN are all increased in SHR rats. NMDAR in PVN mediates enhanced sympathetic activities and elevated blood pressure caused by TNF-αand IL-1βin SHR.

OBJECTIVEConstructing a plasmid containing tRNAVal promoter to express shRNA which mediates RNA interference.

METHODSA tRNAVal gene was amplified from human genomic DNA by PCR and replaced the last several bases of 3' end by a linker. The tRNAVal promoter after artificial mutation followed a shRNA sequence to luciferase was cloned into pUC18, Puc-tRNAVal, lucRi Cotransfected with pMAMneoLuc into BHK-21 cell to detect the effect of luciferase expression.

RESULTSpUC-tRNAVallucRi suppressed the luciferase expression from pMAMneoLuc by 97.9%-9.5%.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that the tRNAVal shRNA plasmid could efficiently suppress luciferase expression in BHK-21.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Luciferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Transfer ; genetics

Virtual surgery provides important assistance in preoperative planning of brain surgeries. A virtual surgery system essentially consists of visualization and modeling of the medical data and deformation simulation of human organs (mainly soft tissues). We used the hybrid level set theory, threshold segmentation, and morphological methods to segment the human head MRI volumetric data into five parts, namely the outline of the head, gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid and ventricles. The iso2mesh toolkit based on Delaunay algorithm was then employed to generate the tetrahedral mesh and mark the five parts. We further studied the soft tissue deformation, and established a mechanic model based on Tensor-Mass system to simulate the point-touch and ball-touch models for soft tissue deformation. This approach can help to improve the positioning accuracy of a virtual brain surgery and represent the process of brain tissue deformation.
Algorithms ; Brain ; surgery ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Models, Biological ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; User-Computer Interface

OBJECTIVETo prepare and purify recombinant human NAMPT and NAMPT (H247A) proteins and to detect their enzymatic activity.

METHODSUsing pcDNA3.1-hnampt as template, full-length hnampt was sub-cloned into pET-11a(+) plasmid. The hnampt (H247A) mutant was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis. The plasmids were introduced in Escherichia coli BL21star for protein expression. The recombined NAMPT and NAMPT (H247A) proteins were purified by flowing through nickel column and size-exclusion column. The target proteins were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry detection. The enzymatic activities of recombinant proteins were assessed by solution NMR.

RESULTThe DNA sequences showed that hnampt (wild type) and hnampt (H247A) (mutation) were cloned into pET-11a(+). The recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21star in soluble form. The purified protein was confirmed to be NAMPT with a molecular weight of 56 KD. The enzyme activity of NAMPT (H247A) was dramatically decreased compared to wild-type NAMPT.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant hNAMPT and hNAMPT (H247A) proteins have been successful prepared and purified. The H247A mutation dramatically decreases the enzymatic activity of NAMPT.

Base Sequence ; Cytokines ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Mutation ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transformation, Bacterial