OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and clinic antibiotics usage in children′s hospital and provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS K-B disk agar diffusion method was adopted to detect drug susceptibility in vitro.Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Among all the pathogenic bacteria the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 67.1%,the first five predominant species were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumonii,Enterobacter cloacae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii,accounted for 21%,16%,6.3%,6.0% and 6.0%,respectively.Piperacillin,cefuroxime and cefotaxime showed resemble curves of time-antimicrobial resistance. CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens in children′s hospital.Resistance rates of most bacteria against the second and the third generation cephalosporins have increased markedly.Obvious mutiple-antimicrobial resistance exists among antibiotics with resemble structures and antimicrobial mechanisms.The trend of change in antibiotics′ resistance is parallel with that of the drug′s quantity used.Rotative principles may be applied to the usage of antibiotics.

Objective To analyze the rented factors leading to successful treatment of ectopic pregnancy by conservative therapy and to explore importance of this therapy. Methods 152 patients with ectopic pregnancy performed with conservative treatment were randomly recruited into a methotrexate plus Chinese medicine group, a 5-fluorouracil plus Chinese medicine group and a exclusive Chinese medicine group. The curative rate and side effect were observed in groups, and the relation between the treatment condition and the curative rate was analyzed. Results There was no difference in curative rate among groups, while the side effect in the exclusive Chinese medicine group was lower than other groups. It showed high curative rate in patients with two or more conditions of having mass less than 3 cm, the level of bloodβ-hCG less than 1000 IU/L, and the depth of posterior fomix effusion less than 1 cm. Conclusion Among the treatments of ectopic pregnancy, Chinese medicine has fewer side effects. Fully evaluation on the treatment condition can improve the curative rate.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; chemically induced ; etiology ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lysophospholipids ; pharmacology ; physiology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

To solve separating problem of natural soda, fifty-seven strains screened from soil, floul water and activated mud were of flocculating activity. Two strains of bacteria, which were screened from above mentioned strains have higher activity and better steady than the whole culture liquid of bacteria was observed that its flocculating use to natural soda was strong and the mean flocculating rate of two strains were 79.80% and 87.% respectively.

Objective To evaluate the protective effects of a novel hyperpolarized cardiac preservation solution on isolated rat heart. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (250~300 g, n =24) were randomly divided into three groups ( n =8 in each group) and their hearts were preserved with K H, UW, HCS solution respectively for 24 h. The isolated hearts were perfused in the Langendorff rat mode for functional evaluation before and after preservation. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase enzyme leakages, contents of adenosine triphosphate and wet weights in myocardium were measured after reperfusion. Results The impairment of the left ventricle function in K H group was serious, while that in HCS and UW groups was mild. The recovery of coronary flow in HCS group was better than K H and UW groups. There were no significant differences in releases of LDH and CPK and wet weight of myocardium between UW group and HCS group. HCS group offered a less variety of pH and had the highest ATP content of myocardium among the three groups. The time, from the reperfusion to beating of heart, showed no difference between UW group and HCS group. The ultrastructural changes were slight in HCS group. Conclusions HCS solution can protect rat heart for 24 h effectively. The recovery of heart function by HCS is similar to that by UW solution. HCS solution can improve the coronary flow and acidosis and protect ATP more effectively than UW solution.

Objective:To investigate the role of anaphylatoxin C 5 a in patients with asthma .Methods:A prospective study was performed between September 2006 and February 2007.A total of 33 patients with acute exacerbation of asthma and 13 healthy subjects were recruited into the study .The patients with acute exacerbation of asthma were also studied when they returned to the remission state .Levels of lung function, levels of C5a in induced sputum and cell differential count in induced sputum were determined . Results:The level of C5 a in induced sputum was significantly higher in patients with acute exacerbation of asthma [0.85(0.68-2.13) μg/L] than that in patients with stable asthma [0.45(0.26-0.88)μg/L, Z=-2.193, P=0.013];Sputum C5a levels in stable asthma patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [0.14(0.06-0.45) μg/L, Z=-2.141, P=0.015].The level of C5a in patients with severe exacerbation [2.21(1.27 -9.0) μg/L] was significantly higher than those in patients with mild exacerbation [0.34(0.17-0.63) μg/L] and moderate exacerbation [0.85(0.55-1.67) μg/L,χ2 =12.330, P=0.001].The level of C5a in induced sputum was positively correlated with the number of total cells count (r=0.797, P=0.004), neutrophils (r=0.504, P=0.032) and macrophages ( r =0.424, P=0.036 ) in acute exacerbation of asthma .Conclusion: C5a levels in induced sputum could be identified as an important prognostic biomarker , which involved in asthma ’ s pathogenesis .

The relationship between elevated concentration of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) and insulin resistance wag studied,and the pathophysiological mechanism of insulin resistance,especially focused on oxidative stress,was explored.It was found that the elevated circulating FFA level led to insulin resistance in rats, which was partly caused by oxidative stress,and that antioxidative treatment was able to reverse the pathologic change.As a result of enhancing reactive oxygen species production[(886±105 vs 427±42)mmol/L,P<0.05] and disrupting antioxidant[(272±47 vs 561±36)μmol/L,P<0.05],elevated concentration of FFA may induce oxidative stress.

Objective: To investigate the alterations of bcl-2 gene family in the rat brain and the molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis follow ing traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lateral fluid percussion brain injury(FPBI) of moderate severity. bax and bcl-xL mRNA and protein expression was detected by RT-PCR an d immunohistochemistry. In addition to morphological evidence of apoptosis, TUNE L histochemistry was used to identify DNA fragmentation in situ under both l ight and electron microscope, whereas characteristic internucleosomal DN A fragm entation of apoptosis was demonstrated by DNA gel electrophoresis. Resul ts: bcl-xL mRNA and protein decreased in the ipsilateral hemisphere t o the impact site as early as 6 h post-injury［(67.42±7.54)% and (85.85±5.72)% r espectively］. The decrease in bcl-xL mRNA and protein preceded apoptosis was observed 12 h post-injury. And this was the main cause of up-regulation of the ratio of bax to bcl-xL in the acute period(minutes-hours) followin g FPBI. bax mRNA and protein were observed to rise slowly, doubled 3 d post- injury, returned to sham level slowly. The delayed cell death (days-weeks) migh t associated with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic gene bax. Conclusio n: The expression of bcl-xL and bax coincide with apoptosis following TBI. The reg ulation of bax and bcl-xL by TBI occur before transcription. The balance of bax/bcl-xL ratio determines the neurocytes to survive or die following FPBI.

AIM:To improve accuracy of the diagnosis of primary conjunctival masses(PCM) through analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and pathogenic causes of 422 cases of PCM.METHODS:Clinical manifestations, histological characteristics and immunopheno types were reviewed.Relevant literatures were reviewed.RESULTS:Benign conjunctival masses were 403 cases (95.5%).Those included masses from squamous cell papilloma (71 cases, 17.6%), conjunctival cyst (68 cases, 16.9%), inflammatory masses (62 cases, 15.4%), pigmented nevus (60 cases, 14.9%), lipoma (58 cases, 14.4%).Malignant conjunctival neoplasms were 19 cases (4.5%).Those included tumors from B Cell Lymphoma (6 cases,31.6%), melanoma (6 cases,31.6%), and squamous cell carcinoma (5 cases, 26.3%).Different types of primary conjunctival masses were induced by the same cause.CONCLUSION:The pathological types of primary conjunctival masses are various and the majority of which is benign.For the diagnosis of primary conjunctival masses, morphological analysis, immunohistochemical examination shoud be combined to increase the diagnostic accuracy and decrease misdiagnosis rate.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood supply ; pathology ; therapy ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-2 ; pharmacology ; Killer Cells, Natural ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; blood supply ; pathology ; therapy ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microcirculation ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays