Background The scar formation of filtering bleb is a cause of filtering operation failure.The topical application of mitomycin C (MMC) can inhibit the growth of collagenous fiber and improve function of bleb.However,some adverse effects of MMC are being closely concerned.Many studies have conformed the efficacy of amniotic membrane in filtering operation,but the comparison study between MMC and amniotic membrane is still lack.Objective Purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-scarring effectiveness of amniotic membrane after its use in the filtrating surgery.Methods A randomized,controlled trial was designed.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Peking University Third Hospital Eye Center.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient initial of this study.Fifty-two eyes of 47 patients with primary glaucoma were included in Peking University Third Hospital Eye Center from October 2009 to October 2011.The eyes were divided into two groups according to single blindness design and randomized digital table.Trabeculectomy combined with amniotic implantation was performed in the patients of the amniotic group,and trabeculectomy combined with 0.02％ MMC in the patients of the MMC group.The patients were followed-up for 3 months.Intraocular pressure (IOP),the anterior chamber depth,filtering bleb shape,incidence of complication and operative efficacy were measured and evaluated.Results No significant difference was found in the demography between two groups (P＞0.05).Seventeen patients in the MMC group and twenty-two patients in the amniotic group finished the trial.The IOP in the amniotic membrane group was (16.60-±5.04) mmHg on the third month after operation and that before operation was(23.52±-6.52) mmHg.In the MMC group,the IOP was(24.09± 12.79) mmHg on the third months after operation,and that before operation was (17.04±3.69) mmHg.Significant difference was found in the IOP between preoperation and postoperation in both groups(P＜0.05).IOP differential value on the third month was 6.98 mmHg in the amniotic membrane group and 6.94 mmHg in the MMC group.No significant differences were seen in the IOP between the amniotic membrane group and the MMC group in 1 week,2 weeks,1 month and 3 months(t=0.972,P=0.336;t=-0.512,P=0.611;t =-0.372,P =0.712 ; t =0.427,P =0.672).There were no significant differences in the number of eyes in the height grade,vascularization and perimeter classification of the filtering blebs 1 week,2 weeks and 1 month after surgery between these two groups (x2 =0.991,P =0.320 ; x2 =0.474,P =0.491 ; x2 =2.008,P =0.156).The total effective rate of surgery was 90.49％ in the amniotic membrane group and 100％ in MMC group,with a significant difference between them(x2 =26.180,P=0.000).There were not significantly different in the incidences of bleb leakage in 1 week,2 weeks and 1 month after operation between the MMC group and the amniotic group(x2 =3.556,P =0.059;x2=1.129,P=0.800; x2=0.434,P =0.510).Conclusions Combination of trabeculectomy with amniotic implantation has a similar lowing-IOP effect to trabeculectomy combined with MMC.The incidence of bleb leakage in the trabeculectomy combined with amniotic implantation dose not increase when compare with trabeculectomy combined MMC.

Objective:To identify the effect of ?-synuclein overexpression on mitochondrial membrane structure with atomic force microscopy. Methods:?-syn expression was mediated by AAV (adeno-associated viral vector) and Recombinant AAV/?-syn and AAV/LacZ viral particles were stereotaxically injected in the left side of rat substantia nigra (SN) for rat model of ?-synuclein overexpression. Mitochondria were isolated from rats SN of Brain. Mitochondria were analysis with JC-1 staining,atomic force microscopy and Western blot. Results:By 16 weeks post-infection of AAV-?-syn,the level of ?-syn increased about 2 times in mitochondrial fraction with Western blot and mitochondrial membrane potential (??) decreased with JC-1 staining. Furthermore,mitochondria swelling and porous like structure formed on the mitochondrial membrane with atomic force microscopy. Conclusion:The data suggested that ?-syn could accumulate in mitochondria,might form mitochondrial membrane pores and lead to ?? decreases. ?-syn might lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

BackgroundLaser peripheral iridotomy(LPI) can break the pupillary block,and is an effective method of treating acute primary angle closure (APAC).However,a part of APAC eyes may gradually develop a formation and extension of peripheral anterior synechia(PAS) and increased intraocular pressure(IOP) after LPI.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between appositional angle closure and darkroom provocative test(DRPT) in the fellow eyes with APAC after LPI.Methods Fellow eyes of APAC without PAS after LPI were studied.Ultrasounic biomicroscopy(UBM) were performed in darkness to observe whether appositional angle closure occurred and compare the relationship between the quadrants with appositional angle closure and the results of DRPT.Results Fifty-four patients were included in the study.Appositional angle closure was observed in at least one quadrant in 20(37.0％ ) of the 54 fellow eyes with APAC after LPI.Fifty-one patients were given DRPT and positive result in 9 patients( 17.6％ ).According to the quadrants with appositional angle closure,there were 5 patients with DRPT positive results in 46 patients with appositional angle closure 0 to 2 quadrants,and 4 patients with DRPT positive results in 5 patients with appositional angle closure 3 to 4 quadrants ( P =0.003 ).Bivariate correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between the value of the increased IOP in DRPT and the number of quadrants with appositional angle closure in darkness( r =0.397,P =0.004).ConclusionsA certain proportional fellow eyes of APAC appeared appositional angle closure in darkness and DRPT positive result after LPI.The more the quadrants of appositional angle closure after LPI,the greater the likelihood of a positive DRPT.It suggests that the APAC fellow eyes and attack eyes with the same anatomical configuration still have the possibility of angle closure after LPI,and need follow-up and treatment for a long time.

AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness and peripapillary topographic map's parameters between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia by optical coherence tomography(OCT).
METHODS: Thirty - four juveniles with anisometropic amblyopia were selected. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and peripapillary topographic map were measured by frequency domain OCT with both eyes in all participants, and the differences between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in average thickness of peripapillary RNFL and in any other region of peripapillary RNFL. The disc area in amblyopic eyes was bigger than that in non - amblyopic eyes ( t =2. 8054,P= 0. 0263). The disc area in amblyopic eyes were significantly related to the thickness of nasal RNFL and the rim area(r= 0. 7592,0. 7501;P= 0. 0289,0. 0321).
CONCLUSION: There existed some difference in peripapillary structure between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia.

Arsenic ; urine ; Freeze Drying ; standards ; Humans ; Reference Standards ; Urinalysis ; methods ; standards

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Styrene

Child, Preschool ; Epilepsies, Myoclonic ; Humans ; Male

Humans ; Mercury ; blood ; urine ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

China ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Laboratories ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Health ; Quality Control

Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ; Humans