Objective:To identify the effect of ?-synuclein overexpression on mitochondrial membrane structure with atomic force microscopy. Methods:?-syn expression was mediated by AAV (adeno-associated viral vector) and Recombinant AAV/?-syn and AAV/LacZ viral particles were stereotaxically injected in the left side of rat substantia nigra (SN) for rat model of ?-synuclein overexpression. Mitochondria were isolated from rats SN of Brain. Mitochondria were analysis with JC-1 staining,atomic force microscopy and Western blot. Results:By 16 weeks post-infection of AAV-?-syn,the level of ?-syn increased about 2 times in mitochondrial fraction with Western blot and mitochondrial membrane potential (??) decreased with JC-1 staining. Furthermore,mitochondria swelling and porous like structure formed on the mitochondrial membrane with atomic force microscopy. Conclusion:The data suggested that ?-syn could accumulate in mitochondria,might form mitochondrial membrane pores and lead to ?? decreases. ?-syn might lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVETo observe preventive and therapeutic effect of Yifei Jianpi Recipe (YJR) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model rats and to explore its mechanism from the way of airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

METHODSThe COPD rat model was established by using cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group (control group), the model group, the YJR group, 6 in each group. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 0. 1 second (FEV0. 1), FEVO. 1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) was tested by lung function device. Pathological changes of bronchi and lung tissues were observed by HE staining. Airway Goblet cells were observed using AB-PAS staining. Contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), nuclear factor KB (NF-KB), mucin 5AC (Muc5AC), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rat airway were detected by immunohistochemical assay. mRNA expressions of TLR4 and Muc5AC in bronchi and lung tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR).

RESULTSChanges of bronchi and lung tissues in the model group rats were consistent with typical pathological manifestations of COPD. Compared with the model group, the degree of lung injury was significantly alleviated in the YJR group. Compared with the control group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEVO. I/FVC, and PEF were decreased (P <0. 01), contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF were significantly increased (P <0. 01), protein expressions of ICAM-1, NF-KB, Muc5AC, and TLR4, mRNA expression levels of Muc5AC and TLR4 in bronchi and lung tissues were also significantly increased in the model group (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEV0. 1/FVC, and PEF were significantly increased in the YJR group (P <0. 01, P <0. 05), but the rest indices were significantly lowered (P <0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONYJR could decrease contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF of COPD model rats, inhibit protein expression levels of ICAM-1, NF-κB, Muc5AC, and TLR4.in airway and lung tissues, thus playing preventive and therapeutic roles by reducing airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

Animals ; Bronchi ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Mucin 5AC ; metabolism ; Mucus ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the clinical regularities in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain by reviewing the relevant studies published between 1985 and 2017.Methods:Based on the Chinese Medicine Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Database,quantitative analysis,correlation analysis and Chi-square test were applied to analyze the commonly used acupoints,meridian affiliations and body region distributions,commonly used methods and acupoint correlations,treatment method correlations,the efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder for cancer pain,and indicators.Results:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) ranked the top on the list of frequency;points from Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming were often used;points from the lower limbs and back had high frequencies.The most commonly used treatment method was acupuncture-moxibustion plus medication.Acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder showed certain advantage compared with the two methods used separately,and among the integrated methods,acupoint application plus the three-step analgesic ladder produced the most significant efficacy.It took (44.77±55.54) min for the analgesic effect to act and the effect lasted for (12.81±14.59) h.Numerical rating scale (NRS),visual analog scale (VAS) and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores all showed significant changes after interventions (all P＜0.01);there was no significant change in the score of quality of life (QOL) after interventions (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) are commonly selected in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain;acupuncture and acupoint application are often used;acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder can boost the treatment efficacy.

Objective Establish a laboratory quality control system to ensure accurate and reliable test data and to contrapose the influence of error factors in current detection methods for urinary iodine measurement. Methods The results of reagent blank absorbance value and uric iodine standard materials were collected, then their relevant technical indexes such as mean, standard deviation, control limit, auxiliary line were worked out. Then the quality control chart of blank test and the relative error control chart were made base on these technical indexes. And different iodine concentrations (high, middle and low concentration) were tested and their mean,relative reduction difference value, weighted mean value and critical limit Rc value were calculated, and then critical limit Rc value precision control chart was made. Results The range of absorbance of blank control test was 1.183 to 1.553. And the limit of the accuracy control Rc value was 0.0883, 0.0572, respectively, when the concentrations of urinary iodine was 0～ < 150 μg/L and 150 ～ 300 μg/L. The control limit of the relative error was 9.3%. Conclusions The method of quality control chart could be satisfactorily applied to identify the quality of the analytical results of urine iodine, and ensure the results of the urine iodine reliable and authentic.

Equipment Design ; Facial Injuries ; therapy ; First Aid ; instrumentation

Objective To observe the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)and bone morphogenetie protein-7(BMP-7)in the synovial tissue of fluorosis rats and its correlation with pathogenic mechanism of fluorosis arthritis.Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the control group,low,moderate and high-dose fluoride group.The control group ate commou fodder.The low,moderate and high dose fluoride group were fed with fodder composed of 25%.35%and 68%of corn(containing fluorine of 148.00 mg/kg)in chronic endemic fluorosis region in Guizhou Province.After 140 days,the expressions of BMP-2 and BMP-7 protein were determined by immunohistochemistry and assayed the absorbanee by computer image-pattern analysis system.Light microscope was used to observe the synovial tissue by Hematoxin Eosin,and calculated the pathological integral of synovium according to pathological grade standard.Results The expressions of BMP-2 (32.50±2.73)and BMP-7(38.90±2.56)in the control group was spare.Compared with the control group,the expressions of BMP-2(59.43±5.12,79.82±6.41,101.76±7.56)and BMP-7(55.10±4.82,78.42±5.61,98.46± 6.05)in the synovial tissue was up-regulated in each experimental groups(P＜0.05),especially in the moderate dose and the high-dose groups(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group(0.54±0.21).the pathological integral of synovium increased(P＜0.05)in each experimental groups(1.04±0.98,4.69±1.28,8.60±2.07).The expressions of BMP-2 and BMP-7 in the synovial tissue was found to be positively related with the pathological integral of synovium(r=0.98,0.99,P＜0.05).Conclusion The BMP-2 and BMP-7 play an important role in the development of fluorosis arthritis,probably by affecting osteogenesis.

In order to investigate the effects of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in renal tubular cells induced by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and to explore the role of CTGF in the degradation of renal extracellular matrix (ECM), a human proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HKC) was cultured in vitro. Cationic lipid-mediated CTGF antisense ODN was transfected into HKC. After HKC were stimulated with TGF-beta1 (5 microg/L), the mRNA level of PAI-1 was detected by RT-PCR. Intracellular PAI-1 protein synthesis was assessed by flow cytometry. The secreted PAI-1 in the media was determined by Western blot. The results showed that TGF-beta1 could induce tubular CTGF and PAI-1 mRNA expression. The PAI-1 mRNA expression induced by TGF-beta1 was significantly inhibited by CTGF antisense ODN. CTGF antisense ODN also inhibited intracellular PAI-1 protein synthesis and lowered the levels of PAI-1 protein secreted into the media. It was concluded that CTGF might play a crucial role in the degradation of excessive ECM during tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and blocking the biological effect of CTGF may be a novel way in preventing renal fibrosis.

Objective To determine the effect of iron deficiency on hemoglobin A2(HbA2) expression in patients with β-thalassemia.Methods The participants were recruited from the out-patient clinics of the Pediatrics Department and Obstetrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College and from some β-thalassemia major families.Blood samples from the participants were used for blood smear tests and hemoglobin electrophoresis and to analyze serum ferritin (SF),3 alpha-globin gene deletions,and 17 beta-globin point mutations.Results Of the 408 individuals,304 were assigned to group A (normal controls),26 to group B (iron deficiency),56 to group C (β-thalassemia),and 22 to group D (β-thalassemia combined with iron deficiency). The results for the comparison of the mean HbA2 values among pairs of groups were as follows: group A vs group B,q=5.074 7,P<0.05; group A vs group C,q=37.650 8,P<0.05; group A vs group D,q=16.043 0,P<0.05;group C vs group D,q=7.682 9,P<0.05; Group B vs group D,q=15.806 6,P<0.05. There were no significant correlation between SF and HbA2 in all 4 groups.Conclusions Iron deficiency decreased the HbA2 level in both controls and individuals with β-thalassemia. HbA2 levels decreased significantly in individuals with both β-thalassemia and iron deficiency as compared with β-thalassemia group alone. However,they remained significantly higher than both the control and iron-deficient groups. Therefore,the elevation of HbA2 could be used to diagnose β-thalassemia reliably even in the presence of iron deficiency.

Background Certain relationship has been found between phenotype and genes mutation of congenital cataract.It is clear that different genetic mutations can cause the same complication in congenital cataract,meanwhile,different complications may be caused by the same gene mutation.However,their mechanism is still remained unclear.Objective This study was to observe the phenotype of congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia.Methods Fifteen patients with congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia were included in this study.The slit lamp,gonioscope and ophthalmoscope were used for the examination of the anterior ocular segment,the anterior chamber angle and fundus on all the patients.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Second People' s Hospital of Yunnan Province.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient or the custodian prior to any medical procedure.Results All the patients showed binocular involvement.Congenital nuclear cataract with whole coloboma of iris was seen in 7 cases,and 2 cases showed an entire cataract associated with incomplete coloboma of iris.Entire cataract with aniridia was diagnosed in 5 patients,and suture cataract complicated with aniridia was in 1 patient.Conclusions Some regular patterns can be implied between the morphological type of cataract and iris dysplasia,which may be helpful for further study of these diseases.

Objective To explore the application of repeated measurement‘analysis of variance'(ANOVA)in evaluating the effectiveness of 'community-based hypertension self-management program'.Methods A community-based parallel controlled trial was conducted among 3 communities.169 patients in intervention group took part in the course on hypertension self-management program once a week and 204 patients in control group received routine hypertension management services.Data collected through questionnaire at baseline and 6 months,12 months after intervention and were compared through repeated ANOVA measurement.Results Subjects in the intervention group showed statistical significance and linear trends in health self-evaluation,distress,in lOW spirit,self-efficacy in managing symptoms(SEMS),self-efficacy to managing diseases in general(SEMDG),systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)over time by univariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA.The score of SEMS increased from 6.84±2.53 at baseline to 8.20±1.44 at 12 months after intervention while SEMDG from 7.28±2.45 to 8.89±1.05,and SBP decreased from 137.66±7.30 inln Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)to 130.41±7.71 mm Hg.DBP decreased from 84.13±6.70 mm Hg to 81.04±5.98 mm Hg respectively.Only tow spirit and SBP changed over time were seen in the control group.Self-evaluation,distress,in low spirit,caused by diseases,SEMS,SEMDG and SBP were statistically different between control and intervention groups,and the effect of interaction between groups and time span were statmtically significanton indicators as self-evaluation,low spirit,self-efficacy in managing symptoms,seLf-efficacy tO manage diseases and sBP etc,by multivariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA. Conclusion Repeated measurement ANOVA not only could be used to analyze group-effect,but could also explain the effect and the interaction among groups and time,to make the results more reliable.The self-management approach could improve the health status and self-efficacy of the patients,so as to reduce the blood pressure.Our result showed that it was effective for hypertensive patients to be on the chronic diseases selfmanagement program.