Objective To discuss the effect of human-centered nursing technical operation training.Methods All of the the nursing staffs in the hospital were trained using user-friendly nursing technical operation training program,and the evaluation of the work of nursing staffs was conducted before,and after the training,and the effect of training was explored by a comparison of the nursing operation.Results After the training,the operation performance of nursing staffs is better than that before the training obviously.There was a statistically significant difference(P ＜ 0.01). Patients are more satisfactory with the nursing staffs' operation than before obviously.There was a statistically significant difference(P ＜0.05).Conclusions User-friendly nursing technical operation training is benificial to improving the nursing staffs' skills and enhancing the harmony,of relations between nursers and patients.

This study aims to investigate the genetic characteristics of BZLF1 gene and its promoter Zp of the epidemic strains in children with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated diseases. Total DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 134 children with EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) and 32 children with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) who were admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2011. The EBNA3C, BZLF1, and Zp genes were amplified by PCR assay. Typing of EBV was performed according to the size of the amplification product of EBNA3C gene; the amplification products of BZLF1 and Zp genes were subjected to direct sequencing, and sequence analysis was performed using BioEdit 7. 0. 9. The results were as follows: (1) EBV-1 was present in 140 samples (97.2%, 140/144) and EBV-II in 4 samples (2.8%, 4/144). (2) Three BZLF1 genotypes and their 12 subtypes (including 6 newly found subtypes) were detected in this study; there were no significant differences in the frequencies of BZLF1-A and BZLF1-B between the children with EBV-IM and EBV-HLH (P = 0.083); BZLF1-A1 was the dominant genotype in children with EBV-associated diseases; t BZLF1-A mostly had three 29-bp repeats in the first intron of BZLF1 gene, and BZLF1-B mostly had 30-bp repeats (P = 0.000), with the number of repeats varying from 1 to 13. (3) Four Zp genotypes were detected in this study, including Zp-P, Zp-V3, Zp-V4, and Zp-V1; there were no significant differences in the frequencies of these Zp genotypes between children with EBV-IM and EBV-HLH (P = 0.272, 0.252, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively). (4) The linkage analysis of BZLF1 gene and its promoter Zp showed that BZLF1-A1 was highly associated with Zp-V3 (P = 0.000), while BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P (P = 0.000); EBV-I + BZLF1 A1 was highly associated with Zp-V3 (P = 0.000), while EBV-I+BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P (P = 0.000). The conclusions are as follows: (1) BZLF1-A1 is the dominant genotype in children with EBV-associated diseases; there are mostly 29-bp repeats in the first intron of BZLF1 gene for BZLF1-A genotype and 30-bp repeats for BZLF1-B genotype. (2) Zp-P and Zp-V3 are dominant Zp genotypes of EBV in children, which shared similar detection rates. (3) BZLF1-A1 is highly associated with Zp-V3, while BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P; EBV-I+BZLF1-A1 is highly associated with Zp-V3, while EBV-I+BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genotype ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Introns ; genetics ; Male ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; genetics

Objective To investigate the expression changes of aspartic proteinase (cathepsin D) and cysteine proteinase (cathepsin K) in photoaged fibroblasts. Methods The senescence of human fibroblasts was induced via culture in the presence of 8-methoxypsralen (MOP) of 50 mg/L in darkness for 24 hours followed by irradiation with UVA of 80 kJ/m~2. Then, aged fibroblasts were confirmed by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were carried out to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of cathepsin D and cathepsin K in photoaged and normal control fibroblasts, respectively. Results Western blot showed a significant difference between photoaged and control fibroblasts in the grey scale of cathepsin D and cathepsin K (3.25 ± 0.33 vs 14.18 ± 2.25, f = 30.61, P < 0.01; 2.39 ± 0.66 vs 29.38 ± 4.62, t = 12.63, P< 0.01). The △Ct values for cathepsin D and cathepsin K mRNA were 2.79 ± 0.17 and -0.92 ± 0.06, respectively, in photoaged fibroblasts, significantly lower than those in the control fibroblasts (4.54 ± 0.34, 2.57 ± 0.13, t = 20.78, 28.50, respectively, both P < 0.01). According to the value of 2~(-△△Ct), the expression of cathepsin D and cathepsin K mRNA decreased 0.24 ± 0.021 and 0.09 ± 0.005 folds, respectively, in photoaged fibroblasts compared with the control fibroblasts. Conclusion The expression of cathepsin D and cathepsin K is decreased in photoaged fibroblasts.

Objective To learn today's nurse career pressure and identify relating factom that affectnurses'pressure.so as to provide some adequate measures for supervisors to reduce the career pressure of nurses to the highest degree.Methods The clinical nurses in Medicine and Surgical Departements were investigated with questionnaire.Results The career pressure of nurses mainly came from several aspects such as their work amount,schedule,nursing care of patients,working environment and resources.There were also other relating factors,for instance,age,marital status,educational level,title and health condition.Conclusions Supervisors should pay attention to release the career pressure of nurses and take nurses'mental health into account.Supervisors should also try to create a free and pleasant working atmosphere and give more understand and support to our nurses.

Objective To investigate the flexibility of both the covered stents specially designed for use in intracranial vasculature and the delivering system in passing through the bone tube and the physiological curves of the cranial internal carotid artery(CICA)to reach the targeted area,the performance (adherence)of the covered stents in occluding vascular wall diseases and the impact on the vascular branches of the covered segment.Methods The covered stents specially designed for use in intracranial vaseulature were used to treat 13 patients with CICA diseases using endovascular techniques.There were 4 huge pseudoaneurysms,4 giant aneurysms,3 small wide-necked aneurysms,1 giant pseudoaneurysm with concurrent internal carotid cavernous fistula(CCF),and 1 CCF.Prior to the detachment of the covered stents,balloon occlusion test(BOT)of the internal carotid artery on the diseased side and whole-brain digital subtraction angiography(DSA)were performed in all the patients.Three to 16 months following procedure,DSA and clinical follow-ups were performed.Results Thirteen patients all tolerated the BOT well with the DSA demonstrating well-opened anterior and posterior communicating arteries.The covered stents and the delivering systems all successfully passed CICA to reach the targeted diseased area,with the diseased segments of the internal carotid artery including C3—C4 in 4 cases,C4—C5 in 4 and C6—C7 in 5.Immediately following the detachment of the covered stents,DSA demonstrated that 7 aneurysms were completely occluded,4 aneurysms had slight endoleak,and 1 CCF had markedly-decreased blood flow through the fistula.In the patient with concurrent pseudoaneurysm and CCF,the pseudoaneurysm disappeared and the blood flow through the fistula was markedly-reduced immediately following the stenting procedure.Apart from one patient with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who died due to extensive vascular spasm on the 9th day following the stenting procedure,all the other 12 patients had unobstructed stented vessels on the follow-up DSA images,with 2 demonstrating slight stenosis.In the 6 patients with post-procedure endoleak,DSA showed that the endoleak in 4 patients had disappeared,one endoleak disappeared following the second stenting,and one CCF remained low-flow fistula.There was no sequela related to the occlusion of branches in the covered arterial segment.Conclusion The covered stents specially designed for use in the intracranial vasculature and the delivering system are both flexible enough to pass the tortuous CICA to reach the intracranial diseased artery,and are effective in managing CICA diseases.Further follow-up is still needed to determine the long-term effect of the covered stents,and the adherence of the covered stents needs further investigation.

Objective To explore an efficient way to reduce the incidence of lung infection ot tracheotomy patients by taking targeted surveillance and interventions.Methods Lung infection among tracheotomy patients in neurosurgery ICU of our hospital from January 2009 to April 2009 was retrospectively investigated.Related factors were analyzed and targeted interventions were taken.From May 2009,targeted surveillance and interventions was implemented and incidence of lung infection of tracheotomy patients was perspectively investigated.Results Incidence of lung infection of tracheotomy patients from January 2009 to April 2009 was 33.33％ and that from May 2009 to May 2010 was 16.33％.There was significant difference between the two groups ( x2 =4.352,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Incidence of lung infection of tracheotomy patients can be effectively decreased by implementing targeted surveillance,constructing surveillance system and standard operation,as well as extending series education project and scene intervention.

This study aimed to explore the usefulness of 99mTechnetium methylenediphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone imaging in diagnosticating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In 66 patients with RA, 99mTc-MDP whole body bone imaging, feet and hands regional bone imaging and ROI were performed. And from each patient, X-ray film, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were taken for examination. By the use of 99mTc-MDP, abnormal bone images were observed in 55 cases of RA; the total positive rate of incidence (83.3%) was significantly higher than those by use of X-ray (45.5%), RF (51.5%), CRP (63.6%) and ESR (69.7%); the positive rates of imaging with 99mTc-MDP in the 55 cases of RA (divided into 4 groups according to the course of disease; namely, < 1,1-, 5- and >10-year groups) were 75.0%, 88.9%, 92.3% and 100.0% respectively, whereas the positive rates of those year-groups by use of X-ray were 10.7%, 33.3%, 84.6%, 100.0% respectively; comparison of the two methods, showed statistically significant difference: P<0.01 (< 5-year group); P >0.05 (> 5-year group). In 177 joint lesions detected by bone images, 144 lesions (81.4%) were symmetric, and 33 lesions (18.6%) were single. The most frequently detected lesions were at metacarpophalangeal joints or interphalangeal and wrist joints, metatarsophalangeal or ankle joints, and knee joints. We have noticed that 99mTc-MDP bone imaging can elevate the detectability at the early stage of RA, so it is of value for the treatment of RA.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

AIM: To synthesize the baicalein amino acid derivatives and evaluate their cytotoxicity activities in vitro. METHODS: Amino acids were subjected to methylation and aminoacylation reaction, then reacted with formaldehyde and baicalein to synthesize baicalein-8 benzyl amino acid derivatives. Through carboxyl group protection and aminoacylation of amino acid and benzyl protection of baicalein, derivatives of baicalein-6-O-amino acid esters were obtained. All of the target compounds were identified by IR, MS and (1)H NMR. RESULTS: Thirteen novel derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Their cytotoxic activities were assessed by the MTT method on the inhibition of HepG2 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Compounds 4c, 4d, 7a and 7b showed a significant increase in cytotoxicity compared with baicalein.
Acylation ; Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flavanones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Methylation ; Molecular Structure

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between the expression of osteoclast-related cytokines like MCSF, RANKL,TNFαIL1αin patients with osteoporosis and TCM syndromes.METHODS 120 cases with osteoporosis were divided into the kidney yang deficiency group(30 cases),deficiency of spleen and stomach group(30 cases),liver-kidney yin deficiency group(30 cases) and qi stagnation and blood stasis group(30 cases) based on syndrome differentiation.Fasting blood samples early in morning were collected and the expression of four items including MCSF,RANKL,TNF and IL1αwere tested by ap-plying euzymelinked immunosorbent assay method.RESULTS Kidney yang deficiency group experienced evident lower ex-pression of MCSF and RANKL than the other three groups,with significantly statistical differences,while no differences were noticed in the expression of TNFαand IL1αamong the four groups.CONCLUSION Detection of MCSF and RANKL expression can be considered as an effective way to distinguish the kidney yang deficiency syndrome from the other three types.Hence,we believe that there exists quantified obj ective evidence for osteoporosis syndrome differentiation in TCM.

Objective To investigate an approach enriching cancer stem cells (CSCs) more effectively from laryngeal cancer cell line. Methods CD133 + SP and CD133- SP subpopulation was detected and isolated from Hep-2 cell line using Hoechst33342 dye and phycoerythrin ( PE ) -conjugated CD133 monoclonal antibody assisted by fluorescence activated cell sorting technology. Sorted CD133 + SP and CD133- SP cells were compared in CSCs-related assays including proliferation, differentiation, spheroid formation and drug sensitivity. Results CD133 + SP cells accounted for a very small fraction of(0.30 ±0. 12)％ in Hep-2 cell line, far less than the proportion of CD133 + subgroup and side population subgroup,which were (3.15 ±0.83)％ and (17.1 ±2.0)％ respectively. Intriguingly, CD133+SP cells proliferated much faster than CD133 - SP cells in RPMI1640 and gave rise to CD133 - SP cells and other heterogeneous cells that formed the bulk of the tumor. In contrast, CD133- SP cells were not able to differentiate into CD133 + SP cells. In serum-free medium CD133 + SP cells grew as spherical clusters and remained floating.In addition, CD133 + SP cells manifested the marked resistance to chemotherapy than CD133- SP cells.Conclusions Compared with CD133- SP cells, CD133+ SP subpopulation exhibited extraordinary cancer stem-like properties, were enriched for cancer stem cells more effectively and might serve as an ideal putative candidate for CSCs research in laryngeal cancer.