Objective:To compare the microbial count method described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia ( ChP) 2010 edition and 2015 edition. Methods:The bacterial count and total aerobic microbial count for 15 samples of Jingfang granule with the same batch were tested respectively by the method described in ChP 2010 edition and 2015 edition, the average number, uncertainty, colony distribu-tion range of samples and qualified rate from the two testing items were analyzed and compared. Results:The average number of colo-nies for the bacterial count and total aerobic microbial count was 720 and 830 cfu·g-1 , the expand uncertainty of 95％ confidence in-tervals was 0. 067 and 0. 061, the colony distribution range of samples was 620-840 cfu·g-1 and 720-960 cfu·g-1 , and the qualified rate was 90％ and 100％, respectively. Conclusion:The microbial count method described in Chp 2015 edition is more sensitive with more reasonable result evaluation, which can guarantee the stability of inspection reports.

Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Eosinophilia ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Animals ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Herpesviridae Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Endophthalmitis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Eye Infections, Fungal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male

OBJECTIVE: To analyze recent developments in image texture research both from methodology and from medical image analysis. DATA SOURCE: With the key words of "medical image, texture research, image analysis, application", we retrieved PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/), ScienceDirecr database (http://www.sciencedirect.com/) from 1983 to 2009 and CNKI database (http://www.cnki.net/) from 2004 to 2009. DATA SELECTION: Original research thesis, and reviews with clear opinion, sufficient data and reliable conclusion were included. Repetitive studies and studies concerning unrelated to the objective were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A total 104 literatures were selected, including 10 Chinese literatures and 94 English literatures. These literatures were primarily collected by reading titles and abstracts. A total of 33 literatures with unrelated objective, 18 literatures with repetitive studies were excluded. Finally, 53 Chinese and English literatures were included for further analysis. RESULTS: Primary methods used in texture analysis are structural, statistical, model-based and transform-based-method. When we are interested in identifying texture primitives and their distribution to analyze regular texture, structural approaches are suited. Characteristics of texture like smoothness and coarseness are well analyzed by statistical approaches. Model-based-method is based on the construction of an image model that can be used not only to describe texture, but also to synthesize it. Digital features of texture are got by using some signal processing theories in transformation domain. Texture applications have been widely used in medical imaging domain. CONCLUSION: Because of the specific and complication of medical image and texture, not all texture measure can be used for medical image analysis. One of the development directions of medical image texture research is how to integrate and educe advantages of different methods to fully extract texture features and exactly attribute medical image texture and the relation between its changes and pathological state, resulting in an important component of computer-aided diagnosis.

Background and purpose:The patients with aggressive lymphoma who have a poor prognosis and unlikely to be cured with conventional chemotherapy. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of high-dose etoposide in mobilization followed auto-SCT in treating refractory lymphoma. Methods:40 patients [median age 33 (13-61) years] with refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL, n=32) or Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HD, n=8) received high-dose etoposide [VP16 10-15 mg/(kg·d)×2 d] in mobilization in our center. Remission status prior to mobilization was PD (n=40). The use of such granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF, 5-10μg/(kg·d)] mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) after high-dose etoposide until the end of leukapheresis. Peripheral blood stem cell was collected and frozen in-80℃refrigerator. All these patients received auto peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT). Conditioning regimen was BEAM (n=19, 47.5%) or CBV (n=21, 52.5%). Results:Twenty-eight pa-tients (70%) were assessable for response after high-dose etoposide at a median pretreatment time of 39 days (range 17-172 days), 12 patients (30%) had no response. Median follow-up of 28 (4-66) months, 16 patients (40%) reached CR after auto-PBSCT. Fifteen of the 28 patients (53.6%) who had response to high-dose etoposide reached CR, 4 patients (14.3%) reached PR, 9 patients (32.1%) succumb to progression of disease. One of the 12 patients (8.3%) who had no response to high-dose etoposide reached CR, 1 patients (8.3%) reached PR, 10 patients (83.4%) succumb to progression of disease. The estimated 1-year OS and EFS were 69%and 56.7%respectively, 2-years OS and EFS were 63%and 52%respectively. The prognosis of the patients who had no response to etoposide was poor. The estimated 1-year OS and EFS were 25%and 16.7%respectively. Two group of comparison differences have statistics signiifcance (P<0.01). Conclusion: High-dose etoposide could be used in refractory lymphoma as rescue therapy in mobilization. It can increase the EFS and OS of patients who had response. The hematopoietic stem cells collection and hematopoietic reconstitution are not affected by etoposide.

OBJECTIVETo summarize and analyze the compatibility laws for acupoint selection of acupuncture in treating diabetic gastroparasis (DGP) in modern literatures of clinical researches.

METHODSRetrieved were literatures related to treating DGP by acupuncture or acupuncture combined other therapies from PubMed, CNKI, and WF from 1982 to 2014. Analyzed were frequency of acupoint use, meridians selected acupoints belonged to, regions selected, association laws of selected compatible acupoints.

RESULTSRetrieved were 35 with compatibility frequencies more than 15 listed as follows: compatibility frequency of Zusanli (ST36) and Zhongwan (CV12) was 33 (94.29%); compatibility frequency of Zusanli (ST36) and Neiguan (PC6) was 23 (65.71%), compatibility frequency of Zhongwan (CV12) and Neiguan (PC6) was 22 (62.86%), compatibility frequency of Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), and Neiguan (PC6) was 22 (62.86%); compatibility frequency of Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) was 16 (45.71%); compatibility frequency of Zhongwan (CV12) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) was 16 (45.71%); compatibility frequency of Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), and Sanyinjiao (SP6) was 15 (42.86%). Meridians selected acupoints belonged to were sequenced as Foot Yangming Stomach channel, Ren channel, Foot Taiyang Bladder channel, and so on. Acupoints selected were mainly in lower limbs, chest and abdomen, waist and back. The compatibility of Zusanli (ST36) and Zhongwan (CV12) was the most often used with the highest frequency.

CONCLUSIONSThe compatibility laws for acupoint selection of acupuncture in treating DGP were mainly dominated as upper-lower selection, three regions selection, local selection, anterior-posterior selection. The compatibility laws for acupoint selection of acupuncture along meridians were mainly dominated as the convergence points and exterior-interior meridian points.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Diabetes Complications ; drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Stomach ; physiopathology ; Stomach Diseases ; drug therapy

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; complications ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; Uterine Neoplasms ; complications

Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

This study is to explore the amelioration of piperine on chronic acute combining stress rat with depression-like behavior, visceral sensitivity, and its effect on the expression of serotonin (5-HT) and synaptophysin. Forty two SD rats were divided into seven groups: blank group, model group, piperine (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mgkg-1, ig) and imipramine (10 mgkg-1, ip) groups. The rat model of irritable bowel syndrome was established by chronic acute combining stress, and then to evaluate depression-like behavior and visceral sensitivity. The expressions of 5-HT and synaptophysin in the hippocampus and colon were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Western blotting, respectively. The duration of immobility of IBS rat in the forced swimming test had been significantly increased, the sucrose consumption of IBS rat had been reduced and visceral sensitivity was obviously elevated in the IBS model group as compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with those in the normal control group, the expression of 5-HT significantly decreased, 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio significantly increased in the hippocampus of IBS model group (P<0.05), but opposite presentations were noted in the colon (P<0.05). As compared with that in the normal control group, the synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus decreased significantly but obviously increased in the colon (P<0.05). Piperine improved the behavior of IBS rats, and reversed the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA, and 5-HIAA/5-HT proportion in the hippocampus and colon (P<0.05); besides, they significantly reverse the synaptophysin level in the hippocampus and colon (P<0.05). The presence of depression and visceral sensitivity had been changed in IBS rats, with abnormal expression of 5-HT and synaptophysin in the brain-gut system. Piperine can ameliorate the changes of the behavior and regulation of serotonin and synaptophysin expression in IBS rat model.
Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzodioxoles ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Colon ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid ; metabolism ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Motor Activity ; drug effects ; Piper nigrum ; chemistry ; Piperidines ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyunsaturated Alkamides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism