AIMTo investigate the biological mechanism of the dynamic changes of living myocardial nuclear calcium which was isolated from aerobic exercised rats.

METHODSAcutely isolated myocardial cells were incubated with STDBT and Fluo-3Ca2+ fluorescent indicator. The changes of the fluorescence signal of free calcium were measured by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM).

RESULTSThe fluorescence of the ventricular myocardium cell was weak which was incubated with nucleus specific Ca2+ fluorescent probe STDBT-AM, transverse striation and transverse tubules was looked ambiguous. The most significant fluorescence intensity was distributed in the place of nucleus, bottle green was observed and the borderline of nuclear membrane. It was showed that STDBT could though cytoplasm and specifically clustered in nucleus and characterized by targeting to the distribution of nucleus. Compared with control group, aerobic exercise group had the same characteristic of the change of the basic and peak value of [Ca2+]n. When isoproterenol was added, the [Ca2+]n of aerobic exercise group was increased significantly, its change rate was 33.3412% (P < 0.01). Before and after added isoproterenol, myocardial cell's [Ca2+]n changed significantly. After added isoproterenol, the [Ca2+]n of aerobic exercise group was increased significantly and the change rate was 33.224%.

CONCLUSIONThis article firstly studied the changes of living myocardial nuclear calcium and discussed the transport of the [Ca2+]n of myocardial nuclear which was isolated from aerobic exercised rats; proved that aerobic exercise could increase its level of [Ca2+]n significantly, isoproterenol could increase the level of [Ca2+]n and decrease the level of [Ca2+]i. Myocardial nuclear is one of calcium stores of myocardial cell, aerobic exercise could impact on the modulation of myocardial cell.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Nuclear Envelope ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; metabolism

This study aims to save cost of sampling for estimating the area under the amlodipine plasma concentration versus time curve in 24 hours (AUC(0-24 h)). Limited sampling strategy (LSS) models was developed and validated by mutiple regression model within 4 or fewer amlodipine concentration values. Absolute prediction error (APE), root of mean square error (RMSE) and visual predict check were used as criterion. The results of Jackknife validation showed that fifteen (9.4%) of the 160 LSS based on regression analysis were not within an APE of 15% by using one concentration-time point. 156 (97.5%), 159 (99.4%) and 160 (100%) of the 160 LSS model were capable of predicting within an APE 15% by using 2, 3, 4 points, separately. Limited sampling strategies have been developed and validated for estimating AUC(0-24 h) of amlodipine. The present study indicated that the implemention of both 5 mg and 10 mg dosage could enable accurate predictions of AUC(0-24 h) by the same LSS model. This study shows that 12, 4, 24, 2 h after administration are key sampling time points. The combination of (12, 4), (12, 4, 24) or (12, 4, 24, 2 h) might be chosen as sampling hours for predicting AUC(0-24 h) in practical application according to requirement.
Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Amlodipine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Regression Analysis ; Sample Size ; Vasodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of different hemapheresis procedures on the components of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) collected from helathy donors.

METHODStwelve donors were underwent stem cell collection from January 2015 to August 2016, and the stem cells were randomly colleted by AutoPBSC procedure of COBE spectra and MNC procedure of the Spectra Optia blood cell separator, the mononuclear cells, CD34cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes and platelets in the collections were compared.

RESULTSThe circulating blood volume, the acquisition time and dosage of anticoagulants were not significantly different between two procedures. The volume and the mononuclear cell count collected by AutoPBSC procedure were lower than those by the MNC procedure, while the CD34cell count by AutoPBSC procedure was higher than that by the MNC procedure. More lymphocytes and platelets were collected by AutoPBSC procedure as compared with that by the MNC procedure (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with MNC procedure of the Spectra Optia blood cell separator, the number of collected stem cells, lymphocytes and platelets are higher by using AutoPBSC procedure of the COBE spectra blood cell separator.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of the total flavonoid C-glycosides isolated from Abrus mollis extracts (AME). In the anti-inflammatory tests, xylene-induced ear edema model in mice and carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats were applied. The hepatoprotective effects of AME were evaluated with various in vivo models of acute and chronic liver injury, including carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatitis in mice, D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced hepatitis in rats, as well as CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. In the acute inflammation experiment, AME significantly suppressed xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema, respectively. In the acute hepatitis tests, AME significantly attenuated the excessive release of ALT and AST induced by CCl4 and D-GalN. In CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis model, AME alleviated liver injury induced by CCl4 shown by histopathological sections of livers and improved liver function as indicated by decreased liver index, serum ALT, AST, TBIL, and ALP levels and hydroxyproline contents in liver tissues, and increased serum ALB and GLU levels. These results indicated that AME possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity in acute inflammation models and hepatoprotective activity in both acute and chronic liver injury models. In conclusion, AME is a potential anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective agent and a viable candidate for treating inflammation, hepatitis, and hepatic fibrosis.
Abrus ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Carrageenan ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Edema ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Galactosamine ; Glycosides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Monosaccharides ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Xylenes

The content of total flavonol glycosides in Ginkgo Folium in the planting bases was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The samples were extracted by reflux with methanol-25% hydrochloric acid.The HPLC conditions were as follows: Agilent ZORBAX SB-C_(18) column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), isocratic elution with mobile phase of 0.4% phosphoric acid solution-methanol(45∶55), flow rate of 1 mL·min~(-1), column temperature of 30 ℃, detection wavelength of 360 nm, and injection vo-lume of 10 μL.A method for the determination of terpene lactones in Ginkgo Folium was established based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-triple-quadrupole/linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS).The UPLC conditions were as below: gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid, flow rate of 0.2 mL·min~(-1), column temperature of 30 ℃, sample chamber temperature of 10 ℃, and injection volume of 10 μL.The ESI~+and multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) were adopted for the MS.The above methods were used to determine the content of total flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones in 99 batches of Ginkgo Folium from 6 planting bases, and the results were statistically analyzed.The content of flavonoids and terpene lactones in Ginkgo Folium from different origins, from trees of different ages, harvested at different time, from trees of different genders, and processed with different methods was compared.The results showed that the content of total flavonol glucosides in 99 Ginkgo Folium samples ranged from 0.38% to 2.08%, and the total content of the four terpene lactones was in the range of 0.03%-0.87%.The method established in this study is simple and reliable, which can be used for the quantitative analysis of Ginkgo Folium.The research results lay a basis for the quality control of Ginkgo Folium.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Flavonoids/analysis* ; Flavonols ; Ginkgo biloba ; Glycosides/analysis* ; Lactones/analysis* ; Methanol ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Terpenes/analysis* ; Trees