OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of catechin on experimental atherosclerosis in quails. METHODS: Atherosclerosis model in quail was established by high fat diet. The serum and tissue lipid contents were detected with enzyme method. The atherosclerotic plaque lesion of aorta was observed by naked eyes and under light microscope. The serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondiadehyde (MDA) in quail were observed with microcontent fast detecting method. RESULTS: After eight weeks continuous administration, the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.05, P<0.01) were decreased in all catechin groups, the serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased in middle dose catechin group (P<0.05) compared with model group, while the serum levels of HDL-C in high and low dose catechin group showed trend of increase (P≤05). At the same time, TC and TG in the liver, myocardial and aortic wall and the degree of atherosclerotic lesion in aorta and fatty degeneration of liver in catechin groups were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01), the level of the serum SOD was increased while MDA level was reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Catechin can prevent atherosclerotic lesion probably through decreasing blood lipid level and antioxidation.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is one of the most common congenital malformations and the most deadly types of congenital disease.Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary hypoplasia are the most important causes of determining the prognosis of CDH.The prenatal evaluation indicators and management of PH is a difficult point and hot issue of present international study.This article reviewed the new progress of pathogenesis,prenatal evaluation predictor,clinical diagnosis and treatment of CDH complicated with PH.

Humans ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; congenital ; diagnosis

Adolescent ; Aged ; Aspergillosis ; microbiology ; pathology ; Aspergillus ; isolation & purification ; Brain Diseases ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Diabetes Complications ; microbiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mucorales ; isolation & purification ; Mucormycosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Nose Diseases ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery

AIM: To assess the changes of macular thickness of acquire immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS) patients.
METHODS:The study based on the data analysis of 38 human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) positive patients ( 64 eyes ) . According to CD4 count and whether cytomegalovirus retinitis ( CMVR) happened, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A included 16 patients (32 eyes), in which CD4 count was < 50cells/μL and CMVR did not happen. Group B included 10 patients ( 20 eyes), in which CD4 count was>50cells/μL and CMVR did not happen. Group C included 12 patients (12 eyes), in which CD4 count was < 50cells/μL and CMVR just happened. Group D included 10 healthy people ( 20 eyes ) , as normal control group. By using optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) , thickness of retina along with a 1mm diameter circle centered on macular was evaluated.
RESULTS:The mean foveal thicknesses in groups A, B, C and D were 254. 03±15. 63μm, 263. 11±17. 12μm, 304. 50±50. 62μm and 257. 64±8. 54μm in order. Compared with foveal thickness in each group, there were significant differences in general (F=12. 933, P=0. 000). The mean foveal thickness in groups CMVR increased, which was of significant difference (P= 0. 000), compared with other groups.
CONCLUSION: CMVR can impair the structure and function of macular, which then seriously affects the visual function of patients. It's helpful to understand the progress and prognosis of CMVR disease by observing macular structure with OCT in early time.

Objective To explore relationship between imaging classification and pathological type,and the electron microscopic ultrastructure by observing the ultrastructural features of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM).Methods Children with CCAM in the Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from May 2014 to November 2014,were analyzed,imaging classification was performed according to enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) scanning,and the surgical specimens were stained by HE and scanning electron microscope was used to observe the tissue structures of various of CCAM.Results Eight cases were enrolled in this research (5 boys and 3 girls),and the mean age of surgery was (5.4 ± 1.1) month old.According to the features of enhanced CT scanning,there were 2 cases of the type-Ⅰ,and the other 3 cases of type-Ⅱ,and 3 cases of type-Ⅲ;According to the characteristics of the pathological types,there was 1 case of type-Ⅰ,4 cases of type-Ⅱ,and the other 3 cases of type-Ⅲ.There was 1 case which classified as type-Ⅰ by CT,however classified as type-Ⅱ by pathological typing.The findings of CT features were in complete correspondence with the pathological types in the rest cases.Electron microscopic findings showed the alveolar spaces were enlarged,the alveolar cells were reduced,the lamellar bodies were decreased and immature and microvilli were also decreased.There was no significant difference between Ⅰ and Ⅱ type under the viewpoint of electron microscope.The common features between type Ⅰ,and type Ⅱ included that the alveolar space was enlarged,the alveolar space had been pressed between enlarged alveolar space,the alveolar cell were decreased and immature,and fibrous hypertrophy was also found.Conclusions There are differences between ultrastructural analysis and clinical pathological typing which suggests the clinical importance of the electron microscopy ultrastructural analysis combined with pathology for typing.There need further clinical and laboratory studies,especially the combination of microscopy-electrical control microscope for typing with related predictive models for follow-up of CCAM.

Objective To share our experiences on integrated services in providing fetal diagnosis and postnatal treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 25 pregnancies diagnosed as CDH by both prenatal ultrasound and MRI in Maternal and Children Hospital of Guangdong Province from January 2012 to January 2014.All of the subjects received integral medical management including prenatal management (prenatal diagnosis and consultation), perinatal management (prenatal care and delivery) and neonatal treatment.Results Among the 25 CDH fetuses, 11 were mild, nine were moderate, and five were severe.One severe case, who was diagnosed at 26 gestational weeks, was aborted on demand of the mother.The other 24 cases continued their pregnancy and all delivered after 35 weeks including 13 cesarean sections (one due to twin pregnancy and 12 due to maternal demand) and 11 vaginal birth.The mean gestational age when CDH was diagnosed was (24.5 ± 3.5) weeks, and the 24 women delivered at an average of (37.5 ± 1.4) gestational weeks.The eleven mild cases accepted mask oxygenation.For those 13 moderate or severe CDH cases, all received dexamethasone to promote fetal lung maturity at 32 gestational weeks, seven were intubated before clamp the cord, and the other six did after.These 13 babies accepted high-frequency oscillation ventilation, with a median duration of 58 hours, and some of them treated with inhaled nitric oxide on requirement with a median duration of 52 hours.Except two cases died before operation, the rest 22 cases underwent neonatal surgery.One moderate case died at 48 hours after surgery due to pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure.Another one severe case withdrew treatment at two months old.The other 20 infants recovered fully.Conclusions Integrated management including prenatal diagnosis and postnatal treatment, provides an effective and streamlined mode for diagnosis and treatment of CDH.Therefore,it might minimize potential medical risks.

Objective To review and analyze the prenatal diagnosis and treatment of fetal bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS).Methods Data of 68 BPS fetuses in the Department of Fetal Medicine,Guangdong Women and Children Hospital and Health Institute from January 20,2009 to January 31,2013 were reviewed.All of the 68 fetuses were diagnosed by ultrasound and volume to head circumference ratio (CVR) was measured.Postnatal surgeries at neonatal or infantile period were performed and babies were followed-up.Results With antenatal ultrasonography,fetal chest solid or hyper-echoic mass was found in all 68 cases at an average of 24 weeks of gestation (18-30 weeks) and were diagnosed as BPS after at least twice ultrasound scans.CVR was measured in these 68 cases,among them 56 cases (82.4％) were ＜1.6,and 12 cases (17.6％) were ≥1.6.Among the 12 cases with CVR≥1.6,seven developed fetal hydrops.Except for two terminated pregnancies because of CVR≥ 1.6 with fetal hydrops,all of the rest 66 cases continued their pregnancies till birth and 58 (87.9％) neonates were asymptomatic and eight (12.1％) were symptomatic.The mass was undetectable with ultrasonography in 18 fetuses during the third trimester,however,the mass was identifed again under CT scan after birth in 14 cases (another four cases unexamined).There were totally 45 cases fully recovered after lobectomy or BPS resection after birth,among which five cases underwent emergency surgery in neonatal period.Pathology results showed that 12 cases were intra-lobar and 33 cases were extra-lobar type.Totally,six cases were diagnosed as BPS under diaphragm.Sixty cases were followed up at three months to two years after birth,and all developed well and CT scan indicated normal pulmonary function.Conclusions Most BPS fetuses without hydrops have a good outcome.Fetus with BPS could wait for full term delivery following professional evaluation and standard protocol.However,the prognosis of BPS with fetal hydrops depends on prenatal evaluation and early surgical intervention.And the effect of early surgical intervention in BPS neonates is satisfied.CVR is the most important index for prenatal evaluation of BPS and CT scan after birth is critical for those babies with undetectable mass by prenatal ultrasound.

Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Blood Circulation ; physiology ; Blood Physiological Phenomena ; Lymph ; chemistry ; physiology ; Lymphatic System ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rheology

OBJECTIVETo discuss the relative association of soft tissue tension and cervical physiological curvature chang in patients with scapula muscle fasciitis.

METHODSFrom February 2012 to December 2012,29 patients with scapula muscle fasciitis were investigated. There were 10 males and 19 females with an average age of 27.77 years old (ranged from 22 to 40 years old). Routine AP and lateral cervical X-rays were done in all patients. Cervical lordosis was measured according to Borden's method and the pain point tension was measured by soft tissue tension meter. Finally,perform statistic analysis to bove data.

RESULTSLateral X-rays showed 9 cases were normal cervical lordosis, 18 cases were cervical lordosis decreased, 2 cases were cervical lordosis increased. The regression equation of cerical lordosis changes D(Y) and soft tissue tension displacement D0.5 kg (X) was Y = -15.069 + 3.673X.

CONCLUSIONThere is linear relationship between soft tissue tension and cervical physiological curvature change. With the soft tissue tension increases, the cervical lordosis trend to decrease.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Fasciitis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Scapula ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult