?-(1,3)-D-glucan is a core structure of many bioactive fungal polysaccharides. It has drawn intensive attentions in recent because of its multiple bioactivities, particularly the immunomodulatory and antitumorous actions. In this review, we introduced the studies of structure-activity correlation of these ?-(1,3)-D-glucans, particularly the contributions of main backbone, branch degree and residues, molecular weight and conformation to the activities. We also summarized the recent progress in the detective methods for both quantitation and qualification using limulus G factor assay,galactosyl ceramide ELISA and etc.

Objective To investigate the metabolic rules of surfactant protein A and D(SP- A,SP- D )in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)in human fetal lungs during gestational ages. Methods BALF with 30 mL saline was performed on clinically collected human fetus with induction of labor by water- bag Their BALF was respectively retrieved [total retrieval rate(85. 6% ? 13 1)% ]for analysis of protein content. The BALF SP - A and SP - D from fetus of various gestational ages or newboms were detected by RPHA and ELISA. Results The total protein in BALF gradually increased since 10th week to newborn peak during lung development. And SP - A and SP D were respectively updated from(0.34 ?0.07 ) ,(0.05?0.01) ng/L to newborn climax[ (6 42 ? 0 36),(1.22 ? 0 13)ng/L] .Conclusions The protein in BALF gradually increases with fetal growth and lung development. SP-A and SP- D may reach prenatal climax and become the main indicator of newborn lung maturity.

Objective To assess the clinical results of antiglide plate in the treatment of the Danis Weber type B aged ankle fracture. Methods Totally 36 aged cases of Danis Weber type B ankle fracture received ORIF (open reduction with internal fixation) with antiglide plate. Their functional results were evaluated according to the ankle scoring system. We also observed the complications, including failure of fixation, infection, wound dehiscence, and need for hardware removal. Results The clinical results were satisfactory, with the excellent and good ratio of ankle score being 91.6%. Conclusion Since the antiglide plate has theoretical advantages over the conventional lateral plate, it is recommendable for stabilization of Danis Weber type B ankle fractures.

Heparinases,a kind of polysaccharide lyases,can degrade heparin and heparin sulfate to low molecular weight polysaccharides.It has been noted that many bacteria have heparinases although only few of them have been purified and characterized.Heparinases I,II and III from Flavobacterium heparinum have been extensively studied for many years and been commercialized recently.Heparinases have some important applications in the industry and clinic as well as in the determination of heparin structure,which is a very important anticoagulant drug used world-widely.The recent progresses in isolation of heparinase-producing bacteria,genome mapping of heparinase homologs in sequenced bacteria and archaea genomes,purification of heparinases and the study of their biochemistry and regulation were reviewed.The recombinant expression of these enzymes as well as important applications of heparinases and their potential applications in the future will also be highlighted.

Objective To examine the relationship between plasma homocysteine level and status of congestive heart failure. Methods Plasma homocysteine level was determined in 106 patients with congestive heart failure(CHF).Among them,40 patients were diagnosed as having recent onset of CHF(group 1) and the remaining 66 were receiving conventional treatment(group 2).Thirty healthy subjects were served as a control group. Results(The plasma) homocysteine levels in group 1,group 2 and the control group were(14.87?5.22),(13.25?5.45) and((7.52)?1.73) ?mol/L,respectively.The plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in group 1 and group 2 than in the control group(P

Objective To explore continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) machine for plasma exchange in critical disease in children.Methods Retrospective study of 8 patients(8 month to 14 years,mean 5.7 years) and 32 plasma exchange treatments,after(adowble) lumen catheter inserted into the subclayian venous,using the Baxter BM25 machine with commercially available plasma filters.Results Five patients(3 ABO-incompatibility in bone marrow transplantation,1 thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura TTP,1 sepsis) gained full recovery.One systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and 1 sepsis experienced moderate improvement while 1 case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis failed PE treatment.The average total exchange volume was 80-100 mL/kg,achieved at a blood flow rate of 5-10 mL/(kg?min) and a turnover rate of 60-120 mL/(kg?h) over a 3-hours duration.Thirty-one PE treatments were finished smoothly,one of which experienced the serious complication involving plasma filter.Conclusion Plasma exchange therapy is a safe and effective procedure for severe autoimmune abnormalities and pathogen removal in children.

Objective:To explore the clinical regularities in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain by reviewing the relevant studies published between 1985 and 2017.Methods:Based on the Chinese Medicine Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Database,quantitative analysis,correlation analysis and Chi-square test were applied to analyze the commonly used acupoints,meridian affiliations and body region distributions,commonly used methods and acupoint correlations,treatment method correlations,the efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder for cancer pain,and indicators.Results:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) ranked the top on the list of frequency;points from Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming were often used;points from the lower limbs and back had high frequencies.The most commonly used treatment method was acupuncture-moxibustion plus medication.Acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder showed certain advantage compared with the two methods used separately,and among the integrated methods,acupoint application plus the three-step analgesic ladder produced the most significant efficacy.It took (44.77±55.54) min for the analgesic effect to act and the effect lasted for (12.81±14.59) h.Numerical rating scale (NRS),visual analog scale (VAS) and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores all showed significant changes after interventions (all P＜0.01);there was no significant change in the score of quality of life (QOL) after interventions (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) are commonly selected in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain;acupuncture and acupoint application are often used;acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder can boost the treatment efficacy.

Child ; Humans ; Male ; Myositis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology

Disaster Planning ; Humans ; Physicians

Ascites ; etiology ; Child, Preschool ; Enteritis ; complications ; Eosinophilia ; complications ; Female ; Gastritis ; complications ; Humans ; Recurrence