Objective To study the lymphocytes subsets including Th1 and Th2 cells in PBMC of children with bronchiolitis in acute period.Methods The present study enrolled 34 patients with bronchiolitis,23 of them were respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and 11 non-RSV,and 22 age-matched normal infants.Fresh peripheral blood samples were treated and run through the flow cytometry.The percentage of lymphocytes subsets were acquired using simultest IMK-lymphcyte software.Results The results showed the percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ cells in bronchiolitis group was higher than that in control group(P

Objective To discuss the ability of 64 slices CT to display the image of peripancreatic vessels. Methods 105 patients underwent abdomen enhancement scans. The scan data of aterial phase and venous phase were reconstructed respectively, the peripancreatic vessels were displayed by means of volume rendering (VR) and multiplanar volume reconstructions (MPVR). The percentage of successful display of the peripancreatic vessels were calculated. Results ①The display frequency of the peripancreatic big arteries and veins, including celiac trunk artery(CTA), common hepatic artery (CHA), 1eft gastric artery(LGA), splenic artery (SA), gastroduodenal artery (GDA), right gastloepiploic artery(RGEA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA), portal vein(PV), superiormesenteric vein(SMV), spleenic vein (SV)was 100%. ②The display frequency of small arteries including superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (PSPDA), inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (PIPDA), dorsal pancreatic artery (PDA), transverse pancreatic artery (PTA), pancreaticomegana artery (PMA) and caudal pancreatic artery (PCA) ranged from 43.3% to 97.20%,while of the posteriorsuperior pancreaticoduodenal vein (PSPDV) and posterior-inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein (PIPDV) was 71.4% and 30.5% respectively. ③The display frequency of the peripancreatic small vessels by the multiplanar volume reconstruction (MPVR) was higher than that of the volume rendering (VR)(P＜0.05). Conclusions Multislice CT can display the peripancreatic peripancreatic vessels. Furthermore, there is a significant difference in the display frequency of the peripancreatic small vessels between the MPVR and VR reconstruction methods.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of antibiotics in general hospitals of Ningbo. METHODS Totally 4 391 case history records in April,2004 of 12 hospitals were investigated on the use of antibiotics. RESULTS Medicines incomes accounted for 55.16% in total revenue in a hospital,and antibiotics accounted for 32.66% among medicines incomes.Antibiotics using rate was 62.11% in internal medicine departments.The percentage of antibiotics using without evidence was 23.92%,the combined antibiotics using rate was 49.89%.The average duration for antibiotics using was 10.83 days.Antibiotics using rate in surgery departments before operation was 71.00%,during operation was 20.48%,the combined antibiotics using rate during operation was 14.50%,antibiotics using rate after operation was 96.55%.Antibiotics using for treatment accounted for 62.37% and for prevention was 24.17%. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics using rate is high in hospitals in Ningbo.Income of medicine is also an important part of total revenue in a hospital.We should pay more attention to management on clinical use of antibiotics.

Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries, Gentianopsis barbata (Froel) Ma, and Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten, the three kinds of Digeda-species Mongolian medicinal materials belonging to the family Gentianaceae, bad been widely used for the treatment of liver diseases. To analyze comparatively the content of swertiamarin and swertisin among these three kinds of Digeda-species Mongolian medicinal materials. HPLC method was applied for qualitative and quantitative analysis of swertiamarin and swertisin. The Phenomenex C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was used, chromatographic methanol and water as mobile phase, the flow rate was 1.5 mL x min(-1) with UV detected at 237 nm, column oven temperature was 25 degrees C. Results showed that the contents of swertiamarin and swertisin were closely related the different species and producing areas. The content range of swertiamarin in L. rotatum from different habitats was 1.73% - 2.72%, 0.43% - 0.96% for the swertisin content; the content of swertiamarin in G. barbata from Alxa Left Banner was 0.38%, and the content of swertiamarin and swertisin in G. barbata from the others habitats and G. Acuta from different habitats were all detected qualitatively. The contents of swertiamarin and swertisin among these medicinal plants showed a significant difference due to the different species and producing areas. As a consequence, these medicinal plants should not be put together for clinical applications.
Apigenin ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Gentianella ; chemistry ; classification ; Iridoid Glucosides ; analysis ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Mongolia ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Pyrones ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of gene expression profile in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder T24 cell after crocin treatment, in order to find the possible crocin targets.

METHODThe bladder cancer T24 cell line was treated with crocin. MTT assay was adopted to determine the inhibition rate for selecting the best effect time and concentration of crocin. Differentially expressed genes on groups with or without treatment of crocin were screened with high throughout cDNA microarray. One up-regulated gene p21(WAF1) and one down-regulated gene cyclinD1 were selected to undergo analysis by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Moreover, immunocytochemical method was used to evaluate p21(WAF1) and cyclinD1 protein expression.

RESULTThe growth of T24 cells was inhibited remarkably following a marked positive correlation between crocin concentration, time and inhibitor rate. When 3 mmol x L(-1) crocin treated T24 cells for 48h, the difference was significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Crocin induced wide changes of the gene expression profile of T24 cells. A total of 836 genes were up-regulated or down-regulated by more than 2 times, which were involved cell cycle controlling, DNA cell apoptosis, replication factor, and so on. The mRNA expression of p21(WAF1) and cyclinD1 detected by RT-PCR were in accordance with cDNA microarray data. The results of immunocytochemical method showed that p21(WAF1) and cyclinD1 protein expression were consistent with those mRNA expression.

CONCLUSIONCrocin can induce the significant alteration of gene expression profile of T24 cell. It is suggested that the widly konwn anti-tumor effects of crocin are medicated at least in part by regulating the cell cycle controlling gene expression.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carotenoids ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the proliferation, apoptosis and mechanisms on T24 cell of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCCB) by crocin.

METHODMTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of T24 cells. The changes of cell cycle and cell apoptotic percentage were measured by flow cytometry. T24 cells were inoculated into BALB/c nude mice to establish model of carcinoma of bladder. The mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. After treatment with 50 mmol x L(-1) crocin, the inhibited growth of tumor was observed. Electronic microscope was used to observe the morphological changes. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Survivin and Cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTThe growth of T24 cells was remarkably inhibited after treatment of crocin. Flow cytometric profiles revealed that crocin led to the increase of the cells in G0/G1 phase, the percentage of cell apoptosis was also increased. Crocin could inhibit the growth of BALB/c xenograft tumor. The morphology changes of cell apoptosis were observed. Bcl-2, Cyclin D1 and survivin expressions determined by immunohistochemical staining were down-regulated after treatment with Bax expression up-regulated.

CONCLUSIONCrocin exerts both in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effect on TCCB T24 cell line. The mechanisms may change tumour cell cycle and induce tumour cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Survivin, Cyclin D1 and up-regulating the expression of Bax.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Carotenoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; ultrastructure

Objective To make a parallel mining the data of expression differences of a crucial gene XPA involved in nucleotide excision repair pathway of human skin microarrays by bioinformatics from the system level.Methods Using the ScanGEO, the data of microarrays which included the significant differences expression level of XPA were screened and analyzed from 59 human skin samples in the GEO database. Results There were 7 samples with the down-regulated expression of XPA: cutaneous malignant melanoma, epidermal injury model, DNA damage and UV radiation, foreskin fibroblast response to Toxoplasma gondii RH type 1 (ROP5) mutant infection, interleukin-20 subfamily cytokines effect on epidermal keratinocytes, Egr-1 overexpression effect on skin fibroblasts in vitro: time course, in vitro model for inflammatory dendritic cells.Present expression down. Conclusion Based on the GEO database and ScanGEO, high-throughput shared data can be screened and analyzed efficiently.

Analysis of serological and genetic characteristics on 2009 swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) isolated from four patients with severe disease in Shenzhen were performed. Microneutralization assay showed that the neutralizing antibody titers of the infected patients did not exceed 1 : 20 in a short term post infection, which could not neutralize the viruses efficiently. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests confirmed that the antigenicity of S-OIV from the patients was distinct from the seasonal influenza A virus, but similar to the reference strains of S-OIV. Phylogenetic and molecular analysis showed that S-OIV from the patients still belonged to the classical swine lineages and did not have the genetic characteristics of highly pathogenic influenza virus. Several amino acid residue mutations on HA protein were detected, which seemed not to affect the virulence and pathogenicity of the viruses. Further, A His 275 Tyr mutation on NA protein of a virus strain was detected, which induced the oseltamivir resistance of the virus.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; immunology ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; immunology ; virology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To study the genetic and epidemiological characteristics of HA1 of influenza H1N1 viruses circulating in Shenzhen from 2005 to 2007. Methods The HA1 region was analyzed by RT-PCR and subsequently sequenced to analyze the HA1 genetic evolution. Phylogenetic analysis was confirmed on the homology of nucleitide comparing with the reference viruses of vaccines recommended by WHO and representative virus confirmed by China CDC. Relationship between isolation rates and genetic evolutions was explored. Results The average isolation rate from 2005 to 2007 was 7.16%. Of the isolates, the proportions of influenza H1N1 viruses in 2005, 2006 and 2007 were 56.14%, 66.03%,3.61% ,respectively. Data from HA1 phylogenetic analysis showed that there were at least three clades circulated in Shenzhen. Different viruses isolated during January to April were clustered with A/New Caledonia/20/1999 viruses isolated in the latter months of 2005 clustered with A/Solomon Island/3/2006 and viruses from 2006 to 2007 were in the same clade with A/GDLH/219/2006. Results showed that most viruses had a deletion of lysine at position 130. Compared with A/New Caledonia/20/1999, the virus isolated after May of 2005 occurred T82K, Y94H, R146K, R209K, T267N amino acid substitution, while some virus isolated after May 2006 took place the amino acid substitutions of A190T, H193Y,E195D (located at antigenic site B) and R146K(antigenic site A). The sequences at the receptor-binding sites and glycosylation sites were conserved. Compared with referring viruses, A/SZ/68/2007 had 50 amino acid substitutions in the HA1 region.Of these,eleven and six were located at antigenic sites and receptor-binding sites,respectively.Four amino acid substitution resulted in the deletion of glycosylation site.Conclusion Three different genetic lineages of influenza H1N1 virus were circulated in the population in Shenzhen during 2005-2007.The special virus named A/SZ/68/2007 should be paid further attention on its antigenic and epidemiological characteristics.

Objective To observe the effect of improved venous puncture method and provide basis for popularizing the method which is rapid, painless and of less trauma. Methods According to single-blind random method, 2 132 patients undergone venous puncture treatment in the emergency department of our hospital from August 2008 to August 2009 were selected and divided into two groups: improved group ( 1 066 cases) and traditional group( 1 066 cases). Observed the effect of two groups. Results Improved method was superior to traditional method in pain easing, and there was statistical difference between the two groups (Z = 21.95 ,P ＜0.01 ). Improved method could increase puncture success ratio, with statistical significance as compared to traditional method ( x2 =36.61 ,P ＜0.01 ). Also, zhe former had more rapid venous return ( u = 196. 50,P ＜0. 01 ) and less incidence of bleeding of penetration points and subcutaneous ecchymosis after needle withdrawing ( x2 = 11.76 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ) than the latter. Conclusions Improved puncture method is of less pain and higher puncture success ratio and is superior to the traditional method.