Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),one of the most common malignant tumors,is the main cause of cancer death in China.Early diagnosis of the disease is of great importance.Serum tumor markers have been effective for detecting HCC for a long time.Among those markers,alpha fetoprotein(AFP)is the most widely used one in detecting patients with HCC,but it has limited utility for detecting HCC due to its limited sensitivity and specificity.Searching better markers for HCC has been a re- search focus in recent years.This review introduces many useful markers to supplement AFP for detecting HCC.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which can be ac-tivated by the binding of exogenous atyl hydrocarbon chemicals, then increase many metabolic enzymes and their activity, and oncogenic products of metabolism increase, ultimately resulting in occurrence of tumor. Herein, we mainly review the fundamental concept of AHR and its relationship with tumor.

Objective To explore the influence of homocysteine(Hcy)on liver cystathionine-?-synthase(CBS)and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)system in apoE-/- mice,and determine the effects of atorvastatin and/or folate/vitamin B12 on liver CBS and MTHFR system.Methods Eighty male 6-week-old apoE-/- mice were randomly divided into two groups:65 mice were fed with a chow diet containing 2%(wt/vol)L-methionine(homomethionine group)and 15 mice were fed with normal saline(control group).Two months later,the 60 mice survived in homomethionine group were subdivided into four groups:group Ⅰ(untreated),Ⅱ(3 mg/kg atorvastatin),Ⅲ(3 mg/kg atorvastatin+2 mg/kg folate+30 ?g/kg vitamin B12)and Ⅳ(2 mg/kg folate+30 ?g/kg vitamin B12).After one month,Western blotting was performed to detect the liver CBS and MTHFR system protein expression in each group.Results The relative expression of liver CBS and MTHFR was significantly lower in group Ⅰ than in control group(P

Cochlear Implants ; Congresses as Topic ; Hearing ; Hearing Aids ; Humans

Female ; Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Semicircular Canals ; Syndrome

Response Surface Methodology was applied to optimize the culture components for lipopeptide production by Bacillus natto TK-1. In the first step, two level factorial design of Plackett-Burman was used to evaluate the influence of six related factors. It showed that three factors playing the important roles in the medium, including peptone, yeast extract powder and CaCl_2. The path of steepest ascent was used to approach the optimal region of the fermentation conditions subsequently. In the third step, the concentrations of those three main factors were further optimized by using Box-Behnken and Response Surface Analysis. By solving the quadratic regression model equation, the optimal concentrations of the variables were determined as: peptone 1.73%, yeast extract powder 0.063 %, CaCl_2 1.385?10-4mol/L. Under the optimal culture conditions, the diameter of haemolysis zone increased 29.3 % than before. HPLC analysis showed the precise production of lipopeptide was 30.2% higher than preliminary culture. Furthermore, at three batches cultivation, the experiment values under the optimal conditions agreed with the predictive values. It showed that Response Surface Methodology was proper and a good choice for optimization.

Fermentation for Eicosapentaenoic Acid(EPA) production by Nitzschia laevis at various temperature between 10℃ and 30℃ was investigated and the dynamics characteristics during fermentation process were also analyzed.Based on the results,a varying temperature nursing method of two stage control strategy is proposed:During the first stage,which comprises the delay phase and the initial index phase,the temperature is maintained at 25℃;then the temperature is shifted to 20℃ and kept up till the end of the fermentation process.By this method,a EPA content of 6.0% and a yield of 291.60 mg/L have been gained.These are 24.07% and 18.81% higher than that of fixed temperature(25℃) fermentation,respectively.

This thesis aimed at the Bacillus natto TK-1 screened out from Natto.The lipopeptide was purified using Thin-Layer Chromatography(TLC),and investigated its anti-tumor activity.After acid precipitation and methanol extraction,the lipopeptide was separated on TLC.Then the authors get the monomer surfactin which molecular weight is 1036Da through the High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),electro spray ionization-mass spectrometry(ESI-MS) and infrared(IR).MTT method was implied to testify the anti-tumor activity of the purified sample from TLC.The results indicated a concentration and time-dependent relationships.After 48h,their IC50 were 40 mg/L.The detection with inverted microscope fluorescence microscope displays that the surfactin will cause a series of Morphological changes to the cells.In TUNEL experiment,the authors noticed that surfactin has the ability to induce apoptosis,besides this inhibition shows an obvious time-dependent relationship.

The study was to develop cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(DDP)-loaded formulations using a novel type of self-assembled compound composed of block copolymers synthesized by poly(?-glutamic acid)(?-PGA).For the potential of targeting liver cancer cells,D-galactose was conjugated on the prepared ?-PGA.In vitro,DDP can be released from the resulting conjugate in PBS:there was a burst release during the first 8 h,then followed by sustained release.DDP could be easily incorporated into poly(?-glutamic acid)-D-galactose esterifiable derivative through a covalent bond.The yield of DDP incorporation into the esterifiable derivative was 9.4%～10.2%.In vitro experiments conclusively established that the poly(?-glutamic acid)-D-galactose esterifiable derivative-Cisplatin Complex Compound(?-D+-DDP)was much less toxic to normal cell lines than DDP only.The surviving rate of cells treated with ?-D+-DDP compound is higher than those treated with free DDP.Also it has obvious antitumor efficiency on human liver tumor BEL-7402 cells.HE staining indicated that the ?-D+-DDP compound make the BEL-7402 apoptosis.These results indicated that the conjugation of DDP to the esterifiable derivative reduced its cytotoxicity activity,but retains its antitumor activity in vitro.In conclusion,the ?-D+-DDP compound could be used as a potential clinic antitumor drug.The ?-PGA obtained by fermentation can be used as a valuable drug carrier system.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus(HBV)gene mutation at 1896 in precore region with genotype and replication of HBV and the liver function of patients.Methods:HBV precore 1896 site mutation,the genotype of HBV and serum content of HBV DNA were determined by PCR in 60 patients positive of HBV DNA.Chemiluminescence miacropaticle immunoassay(CMIA)was used for detection of serum HBeAg and HBeAb.Liver function parameters were ob- tained by routine biochemistry method.Results:The alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level in HBV with 1896 site mutation was significantly higher than that in the wildtype virus.Site mutation at 1896 had no correlation with HBeAg,HBV genotype and HBV DNA content.HBV DNA content in patient with genotype C was significantly higher than that with genotype B(P