B-Lymphocytes ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs,about 20 nucleotides in length.They play a pivotal role in the regulation of genes involved in diverse biology processes such as cell development,proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis by the translation repression or mRNA degradation.Recent evidence has suggested that miRNA alterations are involved in the initiation and progression of various human cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and miRNA-expression profiling of HCC has identified signatures associated with diagnosis,staging,progression and prognosis.As a novel molecular target,miRNAs holds great promise in diagnosis and biotherapy of HCC.

Circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) are extracellular nucleic acids found in cell-free serum,plasma and other body fluids from healthy subjects as well as in patients. The ability to detect and quantitate specific DNA and RNA sequences has opened up the possibility of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases,especially in the field of cancer. Furthermore,in some recent studies it has been suggested a kind of non-coding RNA-microRNA (miRNA),also exist in cell-free serum and plasma,highlighting the field of using CNAs to diagnose cancer. As a novel tumor marker,tumor-specific circulating miRNAs holds great promise in early diagnosis of cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),one of the most common malignant tumors,is the main cause of cancer death in China.Early diagnosis of the disease is of great importance.Serum tumor markers have been effective for detecting HCC for a long time.Among those markers,alpha fetoprotein(AFP)is the most widely used one in detecting patients with HCC,but it has limited utility for detecting HCC due to its limited sensitivity and specificity.Searching better markers for HCC has been a re- search focus in recent years.This review introduces many useful markers to supplement AFP for detecting HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; virology ; Genome, Viral ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; virology ; Mutation

The surveillance of schistosomiasis in three sites of Mianzhu City after earthquake showed that there were no infected Oncomelania snails and cases,but the emerging area with snails were 7 895 m~2.Therefore,the control measures should be strengthened.

Hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF) plays a key role in the adaptation of tumour cells under hypoxic circumstance,there are some advances in the literatures regarding HIF as an important target for anticancer agents and gene therapy.In this review,the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of compounds targeting on hypoxia- inducing factor was summarized.

With the completion of human genome,we are entering the functional genomic age.To further reveal the nature of life,glycomics comes into being and becomes a research focus.This review gives a deep insight on the current research progress of glycomics,including the research target,the structural classification and metabolism of sugar chain,the biological significance,research approaches,and the correlation between glycomics and liver diseases.

Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still a great challenge in clinical practice.Tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),liver enzymes,cytokines,and some special glycoproteins,though helpful,are not sensitive and specific enough for early diagnosis of HCC.The establishment of several interesting predictive diagnostic models on liver fi- brosis/cirrhosis suggests that mathematic predictive model,which is developed based on large sample size and follow-up study, might be of higher sensitivity,specificity and feasibility in clinical application.Here we suggest that more attention should be paid to this kind of multi-parameter predictive diagnostic models clinically,so as to improve the early diagnosis of HCC in a more economical and feasible way.

AIM: To isolate and culture endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in blood vessel by in vitro amplification from bone marrow of rabbits to provide cytology basis for the implantation of autologous EPCs in the repair of blood vessel endothelium. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from March 2005 to February 2006. ①Dil labeled acetylated low density lipoprotein, FITC labeled BS-1 lectin, mouse anti-human CD34 antibody, rabbit anti-human FIK-1 antibody, mouse anti-human CD133 monoclonal antibody were purchased from molecular probes company, vector company, Biolegend company, Biolegeng company and R&D company. ②Totally 8 New Zealand rabbits were selected to extract the bone barrow. Mononuclear cell was isolated from bone marrow by density centrifugation. With the inoculated density of 1?106/cm2, it was put in the M199 medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor and Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for in vitro cultivation for 7 days. Cell growth and reproductive activity were observed. ③EPCs were identified by Dil labeled acetylated low density lipoprotein and FITC labeled BS-1 lectin. The cells showed red fluorescence were cells phagocytized acetylated low density lipoprotein, while those with green gluorescence were cells bind with BS-1, and the cells double stained showed orange fluorescence. ④Expressions of CD133, CD34 and Flk-1 were detected with immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS: ①Observation of cell morphous: New isolated mononuclear cells were round. After cultivation for 72 hours, adherent cells showed colony-like growth, and the cells were round or irregular, and the caryocinesis was relatively obvious. Till the 7th day after cultivation, cell colony was connected each other, showing fusiform endothelioid cells. ②Reproductive activity of EPCs in blood vessel: At days 2-4, the reproduction of EPCs was rapid, and then became slow gradually. Growth curve showed typical "S" shape. At days 6 and 7, the EPCs grew rapidly. The absorbance (A) reached 0.58?0.15 and 0.62?0.23, respectively. ③Result of EPCs identification by Dil labeled acetylated low density lipoprotein and FITC labeled BS-1 lectin: In kytoplasm of EPCs, red fluorescent concentration bind with acetylated low density lipoprotein appeared, with the positive rate of over 95%. Combined rate with BS-1 lectin reached 100% nearly. Double staining rate reached over 90%. ④Result of EPCs immunohistochemical method and flow cytometry: The cell-surface marker CD133, FlK-1 and CD34 were positive. CONCLUSION: Cell colony with the feature of EPCs can be isolated and cultured from rabbit bone marrow by in vitro amplification method successfully.