Objective To evaluate the effect of different types of tube feeding on swallowing function of stroke patients. Methods 60 patients with dysphagia post stroke were divided into observation group and control group with 30 cases in each group. The control group received indwelling nasogastric tube feeding, and the observation group received intermittent nasogastric tube feeding. They were assessed with Kubota Water Swallow Test (WST) and VGF on the 1st day and 30th day after admission. Results The scores of drinking test and VGF were better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05) on the 30th day. Conclusion Long-term nasogatric tube feeding is effective on dysphagia in stroke patients.

Teaching method for basal experiment, comprehensive experiment, design experiment and teach- ing practice in food microiological analysis were elaborated completely, and design experimental teaching was discussed stress. At the same time, Through introducing various experience of the design experiment teaching, resolvent and way of thinking against problem meeted in design experiment teaching were put forward.

Twenty Newcastle disease virus(NDV)strains were isolated from diseased chicken and geese in field outbreaks during 2005 and 2006 in some regions of Jiangsu and Guangxi,and the antigenic analysis of the all NDV isolates had been done based on the reaction spectrum with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the HN glycoprotein.The entire ORFs encoding HN protein of these NDV isolates were amplified by RT-PCR successfully,cloned and sequenced.The resultant sequences of HN genes of 13 isolates of chicken origin and 7 isolates of goose origin were gained and analyzed.The results of reaction spectrum showed that there were some distinct differences in the antigenic epitopes among the 20 NDV isolates.And the sequences revealed that the coding regions of the HN genes of these isolates all consisted of 1716 nt characteristic of virulent strains of NDV,coding for 571 amino acids.Neucleotides sequence homology were found to be from 94.8%to 100%among 18 NDV isolates of genotypeⅦ,and the neucleotides sequence homology between all the isolates and the other genotypeⅦstrains of recent years in China ranged from 92.1%to 99.6%.The deduced amino acid sequences and the receptor-binding regions of HN proteins between the NDV isolates of chicken origin and of goose origin were compared and analyzed.The results showed that some unique amino acid substitutions were found in the genome of the NDV isolates,and the close genetic similarity provided evidence for epidemiological linkage between the NDV isolates of chicken origin and of goose origin in the same period.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to observe the effect of recruitment maneuver (RM) and post-RM ventilation at different tidal volume on lung vascular diastole endothelial function in rats with acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS: A ALI rat model was produced by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide (6 mg/kg). Twenty-five rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (n=5), ALI group (n=5), low tidal volume group (LV group, VT 6 mL/kg, n=5), sustained inflation (SI) with low tidal volume group (SI+LV group, VT 6 mL/kg, n=5), and SI with moderate tidal volume group (SI+MV group, VT 12 mL/kg, n=5). RM was performed with SI, airway pressure 30 cmH2O for 30 seconds, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was set to 5 cmH2O. Lung tissue was taken after 5 hours of mechanical ventilation. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was monitored during the experiment. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS), Ach-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation response of isolated pulmonary artery rings were determined at 5 hours. RESULTS: LPS increased ET-1 level, decreased the expression of eNOS in lung tissue, impaired the Ach-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation response in the pulmonary artery, without obvious effect on systemic hemodynamics. SI+LV significantly reduced LPS-induced elevation of ET-1 level, increased the expression of eNOS, significantly improved endothelial dysfunction, and improved the dysfunction of endothelium-dependent relaxation in the pulmonary artery. CONCLUSIONS: RM with a high or low tidal volume ventilation could improve the lung vascular endothelial function of rats with acute lung injury, and RM with low tidal volume ventilation could lower significantly the injury of lung vascular endothelial diastole function in rats with acute lung injury.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of carboprost tromethamine injection in the treatment of postpartum hemor-rhage of pregnancy.Methods A total of 76 cases with postpartum hem-orrhage of pregnancy were dividing into control group and treatment group with each 38 cases.After delivery, vaginal delivery patients in control group were given oxytocin injection 20 U by intramuscular injection ,ce-sarean section after delivery in control group were given oxytocin injection 20 U by intravenous drip.Vaginal delivery after delivery in treatment group were given carboprost tromethamine injection 250 μg by intramus-cular injection .Cesarean section after delivery in treatment group were given carboprost tromethamine 250 μg intravenous drip.The clinical effi-cacy , nitric oxide ( NO ) , nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , brain natriuretic peptide( BNP) and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The clinical efficacy in treatment group was 94.74%, significantly higher than 78.95%in control group ( P<0.05 ). The serum levels of NO , NOS and BNP were decreased after treatment with treatment group much lower than control group (10.53 vs 7.89%, P<0.05). The adverse drug reactions was not statistically different between the two groups ( 10.53 vs 7.89%, P >0.05 ) . Conclusion Carboprost tromethamine injection in treatment of postpartum hemorrhage of pregnancy was effective with high safety .

OBJECTIVETo search for a safe and convenient surgical method for management of urethral disruption.

METHODSWe performed urethral realignment for 18 cases of posterior urethral disruption and 4 cases of ruptured bulbous urethra using the urethral guidance probe following bladder puncture stoma.

RESULTSUrethral realignment was accomplished in 21 of the cases, 18 under epidural and 3 under local anesthesia, with the mean blood loss of 20 ml and the average operation time of 18 minutes. Open surgery was necessitated in 1 case due to the complication of bladder rupture. Routine postoperative urethral dilation extended for 3 months, and all the cases were followed up for 3 to 24 months. The maximum urine flow rate was 15-22 ml/s in 13 cases and 10-14 ml/s in 7. One case received urethral anastomosis 3 months later because of urethrostenosis.

CONCLUSIONSUrethral realignment with the urethral guidance probe is a safe, convenient and effective surgical strategy for the management of urethral disruption.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective:To analysis the difficulties and complications emerged during transurethral ureteroscopy and offer their management strategies. Methods: A total of 900 patients accepting rigid transurethral ureteroscopy from May 1998 to October 2008, were evaluated retropspeetively. Results: Among 900 cases, 83 cases were found difficulties during transurethral ureteroscopy, of which 45 cases were early cases. 2.6% cases (24 cases) were converted to open surgery, of which 14 cases were early cases. The causes of conversion to open include: ureteral orifice of 3 patients could not be found (12.5%), ureteroscopy failed to enter ureteral orific in 5 patients (20.9%), ureteroscopy failed to get to the ill place in 5 patients (20.9%), ureter perforation occurred in 7 pa-tients (29.1%) , ureter avulsion occurred in 2 patients (8.3%), stones shifted to renal pelvis in 2 patients (8.3%). Conclusions: There are more difficulties and complications during ureteroscopy at early stage. Strictly mastering surgical indications, strengthening preoperative training, mastering the surgical technique is the key to reduce the failure rate and complications of ureteroscopy.

OBJECTIVEResistin was thought to link the obesity to type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistin on insulinoma cell proliferation.

METHODSpcDNA3.1-resistin was transfected into rat insulinoma cells RINm5F. Cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT assay. The resistin and SOCS3 mRNA levels were assessed by RT-PCR. The total Akt level and the phosphorylation status were assessed by Western blot.

RESULTSThe over-expressed resistin inhibited the RINm5F cell proliferation (p<0.05). SOCS-3 expression was up-regulated by resistin over-expression (3.2 folds over the control; p<0.05). Akt phosphorylation was down-regulated by resistin over-expression (0.6 fold over the control; p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSResistin impairs the rat insulinoma cell RINm5F proliferation. This might be attributed to a down-regulation of Akt level caused by increased SOCS-3 expression.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Insulinoma ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Resistin ; genetics ; physiology ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo compare the chronic changes between the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) and the spine or the hip joints in conventional radiography of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and discuss the clinical staging of this disease.

METHODSAll images of the joints of the AS patients were evaluated twice in blinded manner by two doctors. The cervical spine, lumbar spine, sacroiliac joints and hip joints were separately evaluated by BASRI, and the results were averaged and analyzed. Definite involvement was defined as a score > or=2.

RESULTSThirty-seven AS patients (81.0% male with mean age of 28.49 years) were examined, and 81.0% of them had definite involvement of the spine and 40.5% of hip involvement. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was 0.459 between BASRI-SIJ and BASRI-s, and 0.465 between BASRI-SIJ and BASRI-h.

CONCLUSIONSeparately, the severity of SIJ changes can not represent the severity of changes in the spine and hip, etc, therefore SIJ changes may not be sufficient evidence for AS staging.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hip Joint ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spine ; pathology ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; classification ; pathology

BACKGROUNDHypotension due to the induction of sedation with dexmedetomidine infusion may be harmful in critically ill patients. Changes in pulse pressure induced by the passive leg raising test (PLR-ΔPP) as marker of fluid responsiveness, assessed prior to sedation, may predict hemodynamic changes. The present study was to investigate the power of the PLR test in critically ill patients in predicting hypotension induced by the induction of dexmedetomidine sedation.

METHODSFluid responsiveness was estimated by a passive leg raising (PLR) test before dexmedetomidine sedation. Patients were assigned to either the "Nonresponders" or "Responders" group according to their hemodynamic responses to the PLR test ("Nonresponders", PLR-ΔPP < 10.3%; "Responders", PLR-ΔPP ≥ 10.3%). Sedation was performed with a dexmedetomidine infusion (0.5 µg/kg over a 10-minute loading period, then 0.2 - 0.7 µg×kg(-1)×h(-1)) and titrated to maintain the target Richmond agitation sedation scale (RASS) score in the range of -2 to -1 and the bispectral index value in the range of 60 to 75. Radial artery pulse pressure, heart rate (HR), and central venous pressure (CVP) were measured at each phase of the study procedure. Hemodynamic fluctuations during the use of dexmedetomidine sedation were recorded and compared between the two groups.

RESULTSFifty patients had a median (25% - 75% interquartile range) of 71 (61 - 78) years old were studied. At baseline, 39 of the 50 patients were "Nonresponders" and 11 were "Responders". Following dexmedetomidine sedation, patients classified as "Responders" had a significantly greater systolic blood pressure decrease during the induction of dexmedetomidine sedation than the "Nonresponders" ((-26.3 ± 6.8)% vs. -11.8 ± 8.5)%, P < 0.001). In addition, the "Responders" group required significantly more fluid boluses (8 vs. 3; P < 0.001) and vasopressors (2 vs. 0; P < 0.05) than the "Nonresponders" group to restore blood pressure. Finally, PLR-ΔPP was positively correlated with changes in systolic blood pressure (PLR-ΔSBP) (r(2) = 0.576; P < 0.001) and significantly correlated with dexmedetomidine infusion-induced changes in SBP (r(2) = 0.202; P < 0.05). AUC for PLR-ΔPP was 0.84 (95%CI 0.71 - 0.93). PLR-ΔPP predicted hypotension with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 92%.

CONCLUSIONSThe fluid responsiveness assessment pre-sedation was found to predict blood pressure fluctuation during the induction of dexmedetomidine sedation. The PLR test conducted prior to sedation may be a useful tool to identify patients with a high risk of hemodynamic events and may be used to indicate the need for prophylactic treatment.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; Conscious Sedation ; Critical Illness ; Dexmedetomidine ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotension ; physiopathology ; Leg ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Single-Blind Method