Objective To explore the diagnostic significance of differential cell count in induced sputum to chronic cough and assessment of airway inflammation.Methods The sputum of 335 chronic cough patients were induced.Differential cell counts were measured in these samples.The side effects were observed during the induced procedure.The final diagnosis was made based on clinical manifestation and examination findings including pulmonary function tests,provocation test,induced sputum cell differentials, etc.Results The cause of chronic cough was defined in 322 patients.The six most important causes of cough were typical asthma(TA,n=84),eosinophilic bronchitis (EB,n=62),atopic cough (AC,n= 42),cough variant asthma (CVA,n=40),gastroesophageal reflux cough(GERC,n=37),rhinitis and/ or paranasal sinusitis (PNDs,n=32),and others and indefinite cause (n=25,13).Percentage of eosinophils were significantly increased in the induced sputum of AC,EB,CVA,and GERC patients (0.005,0.052,0.059,0.234) compared with those in other causes and the healthy controls (0) (P

AIMTo evaluate the joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on the reproductive function in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

METHODSThe 2 x 2 factorial analysis experiment was used in the study. The pesticides were orally given at daily doses of phoxim (Pho) 8.2 mg/kg, fenvalerate (Fen) 3.3 mg/kg and Pho 8.2+Fen 3.3 mg/kg (Pho:Fen = 5:2), 5 days a week for 60 days. Sperm motility was measured with computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) and daily sperm production estimated. Immunoenzymatic method and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the serum testosterone and the testicular morphology, respectively.

RESULTSThere were significant decreases in sperm motility parameters in the treated animals, including straight line velocity (VSL), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN) and straightness (STR). After treated with Fen, significant decreases in VSL, LIN and STR were demonstrated. Significant decreases of daily sperm production were seen in animals treated with Pho and Pho+Fen in comparison with the controls. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly changed in the treated groups. Factorial ANOVA showed that no significant interactions were noted between Pho and Fen in sperm motility, sperm production and serum testosterone. Both the single and mixed pesticides caused various degrees of testicular lesions, involving vacuolation of endoplasmic reticulum and necrosis of Sertoli cells.

CONCLUSIONThe pesticides may cause sperm motility changes and testicular lesions in male rats. The action of Pho and Fen may be additive.

Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nitriles ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Pyrethrins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Testosterone ; blood

Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Syndrome ; Video Recording

AIMTo study the chemical composition in the fruits of Liquidambar formana Hance.

METHODSVarious column chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents. Their physical and chemical properties and spectral data were measured for structural elucidation.

RESULTSEleven compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (1), 3-oxo-11 alpha, 12 alpha-epoxyleanan-28, 13 beta-olide (2), 3-oxo-12 alpha-hydroxy-oleanan-28, 13 beta-olide (3), 3 alpha-acetyloxy-25-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), oleanolic acid (5), ursolic acid (6), daucosterol (7), betulonic acid (8), gallic acid (9), nonacosane (10) and n-triacontanoic acid (11).

CONCLUSIONAmong the isolated constituents, compound 4 is new compound, compound 3 is firstly isolated from the natural product and compound 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11 are isolated from LuLuTong for the first time.

Fruit ; chemistry ; Liquidambar ; chemistry ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore a new technique for repair of alveolar cleft by sutural distraction osteogenesis.

METHODSNine 8-weeks mongrel dogs were used in this study, three being in the control group, six in the experimental group. Alveolar cleft model was created surgically in all animals. Two weeks later, a U-shaped distractor made of Ni-Ti memory alloy wire was insterted into the premaxilla to distract the mid-premaxillary suture. When the premaxilla of the cleft side approached the ipsilateral maxilla, periosteoplasty of the alveolar cleft was performed. The distractor was removed at two weeks after periosteoplasty. The results were evaluated clinically, radiographically, morphologically and histologically.

RESULTSThe cleft model in dogs was stable and similar to the human alveolar cleft. In experimental dogs, the premaxilla was moved gradually toward the maxilla so that the cleft was closed. The distracted mid-premaxillary suture showed a gradually widened traingle, with its tip being posterior. The density of the distracted traingle suture was increased gradually. Bony repair was achieved completely at the cleft three months post-periosteoplasy. The morphology of the mid-premaxillary suture was restored.

CONCLUSIONThe alveolar cleft could be repaired by the technique of mid-premaxilla suture distraction.

Alveoloplasty ; methods ; Animals ; Dogs ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Models, Animal ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods

Objective To study the relationship of clinical manifestation and pathological changes and prognosis in Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN)in children.Methods Clinical and pathological characteristics of 42 children with HSPN were analysed.Among them,40 children were detected of angiotensin-convertion enzyme(ACE)gene and had been followed up.Results Among them,there were 9 cases of level Ⅰof pathological types,21 cases of level Ⅱ,12 cases of level Ⅲ,but no cases of level Ⅳ.Ⅰand Ⅱ level were found in those cases of clinical manifestation with solitary hematuria and albuminuria.Pathological grades were Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ levels in the cases of hematuria and albuminuria.Pathological types of nephrotic syndrome(NS)were Ⅱ and Ⅲ level,which were of more gross hematuria than those of other grades.ACE gene DD had serious pathological damnification.Conclusions Change of pathology cannot only be anticipated by clinical manifestation of HSPN.But if pathological damnification gets more serious,the albuminuria gets more serious.Gross hematuria and albuminuria can serve as indicators of biopsy.NS of ACE DD type have serious pathological damnification.Children with HSPN has favourable prognosis in the future.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the influencing factors of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus after combined immunological blockade, and to evaluate the effect of mother-to-child blockade, and to provide a basis for health policies and health interventions for preventing mother-to-child blockade of hepatitis B virus. Methods A total of 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants aged 7-12 months in Hainan Province from 2015 to 2020 were included in the study. The general situation, the situation of health care and delivery in this pregnancy and perinatal period, the detection of hepatitis B markers, the situation of antiviral therapy, the general situation of mother and infant during delivery and the implementation of blockade measures for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants delivered in hospitals in Hainan province from 2015 to 2020, the positive rate of HBsAg in children at 7-12 months after birth was 1.47 %, and the difference in HBsAg positive rate of infants born in different years was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg among children born to pregnant women with different nationalities, educational levels, occupations, delivery modes, delivery places, obstetric operations and perineal laceration, abnormal perinatal period, children with different genders and premature delivery and perinatal (all P<0.05). There was significant difference in HBsAg positive rate among infants born to pregnant women of different ages, the positive rate of HBsAg of infants born to young pregnant women was higher than that of older pregnant women (P<0.05). The rate of antiviral therapy was low in HBeAg positive pregnant women, and the positive rate of HBsAg in their infants was 2.54%, which was higher than 0.83% in HBeAg negative pregnant women (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined immunological blockade with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin can effectively prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. HBsAg-positive women can give birth at the right age, and HBeAg-positive pregnant women can be treated with antiviral therapy to block mother-to-child transmission, providing the important basis for the formulation of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies and measures.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

Objective To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluating the injury of corticospinal tract (CST), including the motor dysfunction and the integrity of CST, in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH), and explore the relation between DTI results and the recovery of myodynamia. Methods Clinical data of 10 healthy volunteers and 35 patients with HICH, admitted to our hospital and performed evacuation of hematoma from November 2006 to May 2009, were retrospectively analyzed; DTI by using a 3.0T MR canner were chosen on them and the imaging was analyzed by Functool software. The changes of directionality and integrity of SCT were analyzed on fractional anisorropic (FA) map, color-coded directional map, and three-dimensional white matter tractography. Myodynamic examination at Brunnstrom standard 2 months after rehabilitation nursing was performed in these patients. The correlation between the injured degree of CST and the recovery of myodynamia was analyzed. Results Fiber tractography derived from DTI was consistent with known white matter fiber anatomy in 10 healthy volunteers. Three patterns of corticospinal tract involvement were identified in 35 patients: the intact one in 11 patients (the ipsilateral corticospinal tract was almost the same as contralateral corticospinal tract), the partially damaged one in 18 patients (the ipsilateral corticospinal tract was less than 2/3 but larger than 1/3 contralateral corticospinal tract) and the almost completely damaged one in 6 patients (the ipsilateral corticospinal tract was less than 1/3 contralateral corticospinal tract). Different pattern had totally different clinical outcome and the intact one had a full recovery. The ipsilateral corticospinal tract showed significantly lower Brunnstrom scores of the upper extremities than the ipsilateral one (P<0.05); the Brunnstorm scores and the value of myodynamia among the 3 patterns were statistically different (P<0.05). The recovery of motor function was negatively correlated to the injured degree of CST (r=-0.931, P=0.000). Conclusion The DTI, offering the optimal visualization of white matter tracts can detect the injured degree of the corticospinal tracts and predicate the prognosis to some extent, thus, early evaluation of corticospinal tract injury based on DTI can provide predictive value for motor functional outcome in patients with HICH.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of multi-planar reformation (MPR) for the diagnosis of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome.

METHODSA retrospective study was conducted on 9 patients who were diagnosed with SSCD syndrome in the Otology and Skull Base Surgery group of Fudan University. Three radiologists analyzed all the patients' 0.75 mm-collimated axial and coronal images and 0.75 mm-collimated MPR images, and they came up with the same results.

RESULTSThere were 18 superior semicircular canal in the 9 patients, of whom 9 were intact and 9 were defective. All the defective superior semicircular displayed a definite dehiscence in all the MPR images, which indicated the sensitivity was 100%; however, 7 of the 9 defective superior semicircular canal were diagnosed as dehiscence in axial images, while 8 of the 9 were diagnosed in coronal images, but the sensitivities were 77.8% and 88.9% respectively. The results of the other 9 with intact superior semicircular canal displayed in the MPR, axial, and coronal images were also different. In the MPR images, they all displayed definite intact roof over the superior semicircular canal. There were 2 dehiscence in all axial and coronal images, and the specificities were 77.8%.

CONCLUSIONThe MPR image is more useful in diagnosis of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome than that of the routine axial and coronal images.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Labyrinth Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Semicircular Canals ; diagnostic imaging ; Syndrome ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed