No abstract available.
Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dentures* ; Detergents*

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which can be ac-tivated by the binding of exogenous atyl hydrocarbon chemicals, then increase many metabolic enzymes and their activity, and oncogenic products of metabolism increase, ultimately resulting in occurrence of tumor. Herein, we mainly review the fundamental concept of AHR and its relationship with tumor.

β-Amyrin synthase (β-AS) genes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis from 6 different regions were analyzed by PCR-SSCP and sequenced, then the correlationship between β-AS SNP and regions of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were determined. According to the 1 coding single nucleotide polymorphism on the first exon of β-AS gene at 94 bp site, Glycyrrhiza uralensis could be divided into 3 genotypes. In these genotypes, the percentage of 94A type in genuine regions was much higher, and it had significant differences with the percentage in non-genuine regions (P < 0.001). The results of the experiment proved that different β-AS genotypes at 94 bp site from different regions may be one of the important reasons to result in the genuineness of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.
Exons ; Genotype ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics ; Intramolecular Transferases ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

OBJECTIVETo investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Xiaobanxia Fuling Decoction (XBFD) on cisplatin-induced pica rats and to study its mechanism.

METHODSForty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following 7 groups, i.e., the blank control group, the model group, the high-, middle-, and low-dose XBFD groups (at the daily dose of 30, 15, and 7. 5 g/kg, respectively), the aprepitant (at the daily dose of 13 mg/kg), and pure Chinese medicine group (at the daily dose of XBFD 15 g/kg), 6 in each group. On the 3rd day of this study, 3 mg/kg cisplatin was intraperitoneally injected to rats except the blank control group and the model group to establish the pica rat model. The consumptions of kaolin, food, and the general situation of rats were observed. The protein and mRNA expressions of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) in both the medulla oblongata and the gastric antrum were measured by immunohistochemical assay and Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR respectively on the sixth day of this study.

RESULTSOn the third, fourth, and fifth day of this study, the consumption of kaolin of rats significantly increased when compared with the blank control group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the consumption of kaolin significantly decreased in the high-, middle-, and low-dose XBFD groups on the third, fourth, and fifth day of this study (P<0.05). The food intake of rats in the high-dose XBFD groups significantly increased when compared with the model group on the third day of this study (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA expressions of NK, R in the medulla oblongata and the gastric antrum significantly decreased in the high- and middle-dose XBFD groups when compared with the model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSXBFD could prevent and treat cisplatin-induced pica in rats. Its effect might be correlated with decreasing expressions of NK, R in the medulla oblongata and the gastric antrum.

Animals ; Cisplatin ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Pica ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; metabolism

This study is to establish an HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for simultaneous determination of 5 flavones and saponins in Rhizoma Anemarrhenae including neo-mangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin B II, timosaponin B III and timosaponin A III. Samples were analyzed on a Merck Purospher STAR column(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile( A) and 0. 1% formic acid (B) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1). The column temperature was set at 40 °C. The DAD detector wavelength was set at 254 nm. The ELSD conditions were as follows: the nebulizing gas flow rate was 2.0 L · min(-1) and temperature of drift tube was 105 °C. The volume was 10 μL. The five compounds were well separated with good linear correlations. The mean recoveries were between 102.0%-104.0%. This method was quick and reliable which provides a foundation for quality control of R. Anemarrhenae.
Anemarrhena ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavones ; analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; analysis

Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction ; Heart ; Mice

Objective To explore the effect of the the situation-background-assessment-recommendation (SBAR) communication technique on critical thinking disposition of undergraduate nursing students.Methods Thirty-two undergraduate nursing students were randomly divided into test group (n =16) and control group (n =16).The control group adopted conventional teaching methods.The test group were asked to carry out the SBAR communication technique based on conventional teaching methods.Then critical thinking ability of the two group students were investigated in early practical and final practical stage respectively by adopting Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV).Results There were no statistically significant differences in terms of CTDI-CV scores and each dimension score in early practice between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).In control group,no significant differences were found in terms of CTDI-CV scores and each dimension scores between early and final practice stage (P ＞0.05).In test group,CTDI-CV score of students in final practice [(334.13 ± 35.47) vs (276.65 ±43.73)] and dimension scores such as the ability of truth seeking [(48.72 ±8.47) vs (37.61 ±6.54)],analyticity [(47.63 ± 10.93) vs (37.92 ±4.98)],critical thinking self-confidence [(48.42 ± 11.64) vs (39.02 ±4.87)],maturity of judgment [(48.07 ±9.54) vs (35.81 ±5.88)] were significantly higher than that of students in early practice (P <0.05).And it was also higher than that of control group students in final practice stage (t =-1.746,-3.928,-1.922.-1.927,-2.666,respectively;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The SBAR communication technique is helpful to enhance the critical thinking ability of undergraduate nursing students.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the design, procedures and effect of latissimus dorsi-myocutaneous flap (LDMF) for breast reconstruction.

METHODSFrom May, 2005 to April, 2006, 18 consecutive patients underwent breast reconstruction with LDMF. Combined breast implants were also inserted in 8 of the 18 cases. The procedure duration, complication and aesthetic results were assessed.

RESULTSThe mean procedure duration was 147 minutes. There was no flap loss and no severe complications. The reconstructed breast was a little over high in one patient. All the other 17 patients (94.4%) were very satisfied with the aesthetic result.

CONCLUSIONSLDMF or a combination of LDMF with breast implants is a reliable method for breast reconstruction with low complication. The procedure is easily performed with good aesthetic result.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps

The fruit of Lycium ruthenicum is a common folk medicine in China. Now it is popular for its antioxidative effect and other medical functions. The adulterants of the herb confuse consumers. In order to identify a new adulterant of L. ruthenicum, a research was performed based on NCBI Nucleotide Database ITS Sequence, combined analysis of the origin and morphology of the adulterant to traceable varieties. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the materials, and nuclear DNA ITS sequences were amplified and sequenced; DNA fragments were collated and matched by using ContingExpress. Similarity identification of BLAST analysis was performed. Besides, the distribution of plant origin and morphology were considered to further identification and verification. Families and genera were identified by molecular identification method. The adulterant was identified as plant belonging to Berberis. Origin analysis narrowed the range of sample identification. Seven different kinds of plants in Berberis were potential sources of the sample. Adulterants variety was traced by morphological analysis. The united molecular identification-origin-morphology research proves to be a preceding way to medical herbs traceability with time-saving and economic advantages and the results showed the new adulterant of L. ruthenicum was B. kaschgarica. The main differences between B. kaschgarica and L. ruthenicum are as follows: in terms of the traits, the surface of B. kaschgarica is smooth and crispy, and that of L. ruthenicum is shrinkage, solid and hard. In microscopic characteristics, epicarp cells of B. aschgarica thickening like a string of beads, stone cells as the rectangle, and the stone cell walls of L. ruthenicum is wavy, obvious grain layer. In molecular sequences, the length of ITS sequence of B. kaschgarica is 606 bp, L. ruthenicum is 654 bp, the similarity of the two sequences is 53.32%.
Berberis ; classification ; cytology ; genetics ; China ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Lycium ; classification ; cytology ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; transmission ; China ; HIV Infections ; transmission ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical