PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify factors that predict job satisfaction in office workers. Participants were recruited from eight industries in B Ku in D city, and the research was carried out from February 10 until October 10, 2014. Job satisfaction was assessed using the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). METHODS: Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and a stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 18.0. There was a negative correlation between job satisfaction and job stress. RESULTS: Job stress (lack of reward, occupational climate, job demand, job insecurity) and psychological happiness were identified as determinants of job satisfaction, which explained 43.6% of the total variance of job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The findings provide empirical evidence to help nurses prepare effective interventions related to the mental health promotion of office workers.
Climate ; Depression* ; Happiness* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Mental Health ; Minnesota ; Reward

A 44-year-old man had Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis), accompanied by erythematous tender subcutaneous nodules resembling erythema nodosum(EN). The EN-like lesions histologically showed a septal panniculitis with predominantly neutrophilic in-filtrates. The association of Sweet's syndrome with EN seems to be uncommon and only a few cases have been reported until the present. We describe a patient with Sweet's syndrome associated with acute EN.
Adult ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Humans ; Neutrophils ; Panniculitis ; Sweet Syndrome*

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood, representing 4 to 8% of all malignant tumors in children below 15 years old, but rhabdomyosarcoma of the paratesticular region is rare. The paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly malignant lesion with early invasion and metastasis, which has retroperitoneal metastases in about half of the patients at time of diagnosis. However, the survival rates have been improved greatly by using multimodal therapy. We are submitting a case of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis with review of literatures.
Adolescent ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Sarcoma ; Survival Rate ; Testis

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the effects of a Stress Management Program providing Cognitive Behavior Therapy on problem-focused coping, job stress, and depression. METHODS: The research design was a quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest. Participants were recruited from two fire safety centers in D city, and the research was carried out from March 11 to April 2, 2011. To test the effects of the Stress Management Program participants were divided into two groups, an experimental group (21) and a control group (20). The research tools included problem-focused coping, job stress, and depression scales. The Stress Management Program was provided to the experiment group for 60 minutes/session twice a week, for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact probability test, chi2-test, t-test with the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. RESULTS: After attending the Stress Management Program, significant differences were found in problem-focused coping scores and depression scores between the experimental group and the control group (t=4.70, p<.001; t=-3.16, p=.003). But there were no significant differences in job stress scores between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the Stress Management Program providing Cognitive Behavior Therapy is an effective nursing intervention for improving problem-focused coping and decreasing depression in firefighters.
Cognitive Therapy ; Depression ; Firefighters ; Fires ; Humans ; Research Design ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model to investigate the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in rural women. METHODS: The raw data in this study was collected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study supervised by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2005 to 2010. The data included physical examinations and surveys of 1,125 women, who resided in three rural areas of South Korea. The structural model in this study was composed of five latent variables: depression, stress, social support, health behavior, and metabolic syndrome. The structural equation model was used to assess the relationships among the variables. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that depression and stress had direct effects on metabolic syndrome. Social support had a direct effect on health behavior and metabolic syndrome. Also, health behavior had a direct effect on metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: This study may serve as a guideline for interventions and strategies used to reduce metabolic syndrome in rural women.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Depression ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Genome ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Models, Structural ; Physical Examination ; Risk Factors

The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric adenoma is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication after ER of gastric adenoma for the prevention of metachronous recurrence. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and KMBASE. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this relationship. Pooled risk ratio for metachronous gastric lesions with regard to H. pylori eradication was calculated, and heterogeneity was also measured. Five eligible studies were finally identified in systematic review, and included in meta-analysis. H. pylori eradication was associated with overall 55% lower odds of metachronous events (RR=0.55; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92). Based on the best available evidence, eradication of H. pylori can also provide protection against metachronous recurrence after ER of gastric adenoma.

The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric adenoma is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication after ER of gastric adenoma for the prevention of metachronous recurrence. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and KMBASE. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this relationship. Pooled risk ratio for metachronous gastric lesions with regard to H. pylori eradication was calculated, and heterogeneity was also measured. Five eligible studies were finally identified in systematic review, and included in meta-analysis. H. pylori eradication was associated with overall 55% lower odds of metachronous events (RR=0.55; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92). Based on the best available evidence, eradication of H. pylori can also provide protection against metachronous recurrence after ER of gastric adenoma.

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the changes in the IL-1beta and the IL-6 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after initial successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), to examine the difference in the IL-1beta and the IL-6 concentrations in CSF between the cerebral performance category (CPC) 1-2 group and CPC 3-5 group after successful CPR, and to identify early makers predicting the outcome after successful CPR. METHODS: We studied prospectively 10 patients with spontaneous circulation after CPR. Samples of CSF were taken at 20 min, 4 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr after restoration of spontaneous circulation. The control group was consisted of the nonspecific 6 patients in brain computed tomography and CSF finding among the visited patients in emergency department with complaints of headache. The CSF IL-1beta and IL-6 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: 1) The concentrations of CSF IL-6 for CPC 3-5 were higher in the successful CPR group than in the control group. 2) In the severely neurologically disabled group (CPC 3-5), the concentrations of CSF IL-6 were significantly higher at 20 min 4 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr after successful CPR than they were in the mildly neurologically disabled group(CPC 1-2). 3) The concentrations of CSF IL-6 in the severely neurologically disabled group (CPC 3-5) reached peak levels at 24 hours after successful CPR. 4) The concentrations of CSF IL-1beta did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that CSF IL-6 is increased more in the severely neurologically disabled group (CPC 3-5) than it is in the mildly neurologically disabled group (CPC 1-2) after successful CPR. We found a significant relationship between the concentration of CSF IL-6 and initial outcome for the CPR patient. Thus, we suggest that CSF IL-6 might play a role in brain ischemic-reperfusion injury and might be used as a prognostic marker after successful CPR.
Brain ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Headache ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain* ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ; Prospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term effect and safety of intravitreally injected bevacizumab in patients with macular edema (ME) caused by retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 59 eyes of 51 patients, 29 with ME caused by RVO and 30 with DME, who received intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Fifty-one consecutive patients (59 eyes) with ME associated with RVO and DME were treated with intravitreal injections of 1.25-2.5 mg (0.05-0.1 ml) of bevacizumab. Ophthalmic evaluation was performed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6 months after each injection. Clinical evidence of toxicity and complications, changes of visual acuity with an ETDRS chart (LogMAR), and central macular thickness (CMT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT), were evaluated. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 7.3 months (7.3+/-0.31) and the mean number of injections was 1.2. The baseline mean LogMAR was 1.06+/-0.53 and mean CMT was 479.6+/-160.4 micrometer. At 1, 3 and 6 months, the mean LogMAR was 0.90+/-0.52, 0.80+/-0.39 and 0.78+/-0.39, respectively, and the mean CMT was 316.9+/-86.7 micrometer, 281.1+/-67.4 micrometer and 278.4+/-64.6 micrometer, respectively. No adverse incidents were observed, including cataract, retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and endophthalmitis, although transient increased intraocular pressure was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab injections are safe and effective in ME caused by RVO and DME.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Cataract ; Endophthalmitis ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Bevacizumab

PURPOSE: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a quantitative measure of variability in the size of circulating erythrocytes. Recent studies have shown that higher RDW is associated with increased mortality risk in patients with several diseases. In particular, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening infection and has poor prognosis in older patients. We investigated the association of RDW in older patients with CAP. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis study during the period from May, 2013 to October, 2013. Patients older than 65 who were treated with CAP in our emergency department were included in this study. We divided the two groups by RDW 14.5%, the best cutoff value for mortality by receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. APACHE II, SOFA, PSI Class, and CURB 65 were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for mortality. RESULTS: A total of 569 patients were analyzed and overall mortality was 10.2%. Mean age was 76.7 years and range of RDW was 10.5%~26.2%. There were 208 patients above 14.5%. Significant differences in in-hospital mortality were observed between the two groups (15.0% vs. 22.1%, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, RDW>14.5% showed an association with mortality (OR=2.08, 95% CI 1.03-4.19). In ROC analysis, area under the curve of RDW was 0.716 (95%CI, 0.677-0.753). CONCLUSION: RDW at admission is associated with in-hospital mortality in older patients with CAP; and it might be a prognostic marker for mortality of CAP in older patients in the emergency department.
Aged ; APACHE ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Erythrocyte Indices* ; Erythrocytes ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mortality ; Pneumonia* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; ROC Curve