Objective:To detect the expressions of urea transporter B (UT-B) in tumor tissue of bladder cancer patients and normal urothelium tissue, and to investigate its clinical significance of expression in bladder cancer tissue.Methods: Fifty-two paraffin-embedded specimens of bladder cancer patients and 15 normal urothelium specimens were selected. The expression levels of UT-B protein were detected by immunohistochemistry method.The difference of expression of UT-B in bladder cancer tissue and normal urothelium tissue and its relationship with the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed.Results:The expression rate of UT-B protein in bladder cancer tissue was 44.2%, while it was significantly higher in control group (93.3%), and the difference between two groups was significant (P=0.001).The positive expression rates of UT-B in bladder cancer tissue were significantly decreased with the increasing of histological grades, and there were significant differences between different grade groups (P=0.010).The positive expression rate of UT-B in muscle-invasive stage (Ta+T1) was significantly lower than that in non-muscle-invasive stage (T2+T3) (P=0.014).Conclusion:The reduction or lack of UT-B expression may promote the incidence, progression and invasiveness of bladder cancer.

Equipment Design ; Facial Injuries ; therapy ; First Aid ; instrumentation

Objective To measure the renal tissue texture or flexibility with virtual touch quantization (VTQ) and to tentatively examine its clinical application in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 750 patients (1500 kidneys) were performed with VTQ,including 400 cases in the control group,and 350 cases in the CKD group.A conventional ultrasound examination (two-dimensional,color Doppler) were first taken,and then the shear wave velocity (Vs) was measured which reflected the textural elastic.Results In both groups the Vs was the highest in renal cortex with significant difference (P<0.05); renal cortical region Vs in CKD group was lower than those in control group (P<0.05),while Vs of renal medulla and renal sinus had no significant difference in the two groups.The severity of renal dysfunction was increased along with a Vs decrease of renal cortex.Conclusion VTQ is helpful to assess renal function of patients with CKD.

Monascus spp.,a kind of filamentous fungi,produce abundant of important metabolites which were widely used in the fields of food and medicine.Until now,there are few reports on the important functional genes of the Monascus spp.due to little genetic information.In this paper,the feasibility of gene deletion mediated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens on the basis of homologous recombination was analyzed by studying on the deletion of the RGS domain of putative G-protein signaling regulator gene mrfA in Monascus ruber.The length of homologous arms of deletion vector pC805S were 958 bp and 824 bp,respectively.There were 26 transformants in which homologous recombination occurred in 138 transformants and the recombination rate was 18.8%.The result showed it was feasible to identify the function of unknown gene in M.ruber with the targeted-deletion technology mediated via A.tumefaciens.

Abdominal Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery ; Abdominal Wall ; Antiporters ; metabolism ; Choriocarcinoma ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid containing human granulysin(GLS) and investigate the effect of GLS expression in macrophage RAW264.7 cells on the bactericidal activity against intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Methods GLS gene was amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction(PCR) from human cytotoxicity T lymphocyte(CTL) activated by allogenic antigen,and inserted into pBudCE4.1 vector to construct recombinant plasmid.Subsequently,the plasmid was transfccted into RAW264.7 cells which were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.The expression of GLS was detected by nested-PCR and immunocytochemistry method.The RAW264.7 cells were lysed after transfected for 96 h,then acidfast stained,cultivated and colony count were done to determine the intraeellular bactericidal activity of GLS.The data were analyzed by t or t' test.Results The pBudCE4.1/GLS eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed.The transcriptional and translational expressions of target gene GLS were detected in RAW264.7 cells which were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.The bacterial load in macrophages of phorbol myristate acetate(PMA)+pBudCE4.1/GLS group,PMA+pBudCEA.1 group and non-activated group were 1.44±1.25,3.16±0.20 and 3.59±0.21,respectively.The differences between groups were all significant (t=2.403,t=2.854,both P＜0.05).Conclusion Eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid carrying human GLS gene expressed in macrophages has strong bactericidal activity against intracellular mycobacteria,which provide information for the further study on therapeutic vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

AIM:To determine the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant adenovirus containing hyper-interleu-kin-6 (HIL-6) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (Ad-HGF-HIL-6) on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in rats u-sing that of recombinant adenovirus HIL-6 or HGF ( Ad-HIL-6 or Ad-HGF) for comparison.METHODS:The rat model of ACLF was established and the model rats were randomly divided into model group, Ad0 group, Ad-HGF group, Ad-HIL-6 group and Ad-HGF-HIL-6 group.The sera and liver tissues were collected for biochemical, pathological and molecular bio-logical examinations.RESULTS:Compared with Ad0 group, prothrombin time ( PT) and the serum levels of alanine amin-otransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) were markedly reduced in the ACLF rats treated with Ad-HGF, Ad-HIL-6 and Ad-HGF-HIL-6, and similarly, reduced he-patic damages and apoptotic activity, reduced Bax at protein level, and increased expression of Ki67 and Bcl-2 at protein levels were observed.Among them, treatment with Ad-HGF-HIL-6 showed the most significant therapeutic efficacy without obvious side effects.CONCLUSION:The therapeutic efficacy of Ad-HGF-HIL-6 is more potent than that of Ad-HGF or Ad-HIL-6 alone on ACLF rats with no significant side effects.

Alcoholism ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory Disorders ; prevention & control ; Prefrontal Cortex ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the application of repeated measurement‘analysis of variance'(ANOVA)in evaluating the effectiveness of 'community-based hypertension self-management program'.Methods A community-based parallel controlled trial was conducted among 3 communities.169 patients in intervention group took part in the course on hypertension self-management program once a week and 204 patients in control group received routine hypertension management services.Data collected through questionnaire at baseline and 6 months,12 months after intervention and were compared through repeated ANOVA measurement.Results Subjects in the intervention group showed statistical significance and linear trends in health self-evaluation,distress,in lOW spirit,self-efficacy in managing symptoms(SEMS),self-efficacy to managing diseases in general(SEMDG),systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)over time by univariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA.The score of SEMS increased from 6.84±2.53 at baseline to 8.20±1.44 at 12 months after intervention while SEMDG from 7.28±2.45 to 8.89±1.05,and SBP decreased from 137.66±7.30 inln Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)to 130.41±7.71 mm Hg.DBP decreased from 84.13±6.70 mm Hg to 81.04±5.98 mm Hg respectively.Only tow spirit and SBP changed over time were seen in the control group.Self-evaluation,distress,in low spirit,caused by diseases,SEMS,SEMDG and SBP were statistically different between control and intervention groups,and the effect of interaction between groups and time span were statmtically significanton indicators as self-evaluation,low spirit,self-efficacy in managing symptoms,seLf-efficacy tO manage diseases and sBP etc,by multivariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA. Conclusion Repeated measurement ANOVA not only could be used to analyze group-effect,but could also explain the effect and the interaction among groups and time,to make the results more reliable.The self-management approach could improve the health status and self-efficacy of the patients,so as to reduce the blood pressure.Our result showed that it was effective for hypertensive patients to be on the chronic diseases selfmanagement program.

Objective To explore the molecular types of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains present in major hospitals in Qingdao area, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods, trying to find out the epidemiological characteristics of these MRSA isolates. Correlation of the PFGE types with microbiological phenotypes and clinical data was also studied. Methods 360 isolates of MRSA were procured during 2003 to 2007 from major hospitals in Qingdao. PFGE technology was applied to comparatively analyze the chromosomal DNA digested with endonuclease Sma Ⅰ . Comparison of DNA fragments patterns from each MRSA strain and cluster analysis were performed with the Bionumericus version ' 2.0' software. A dendogram was generated using PFGE macrorestriction fragments on gel images. Data was used to predict the possibility of each PFGE type via SPSS software version 11.0, using the variables as predictors including groups on patient's age, gender, source and the site where MRSA was isolated. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these MRSA isolates were determined by K-B tests, and a correlation between these patterns and PFGE types was investigated. Housekeeping genes were amplified with PCR and sequenced in representative strains of variant PFGE types to identify their allelic profile. Results 5 types of PFGE patterns (M0-M4) were identified with MI being the predominant and M2 next to it which was significantly correlated to the isolates from wounds. M3 type strains were mainly isolated from ICU wards and there were a few cases complied with M4 type with no correlated variant factors found in this study. A unique pattern of MRSA isolates with its M0 distinct from other types had not been reported. No significant association was found between PFGE individual types,gender or age groups. M1 and M2 types were the major proportional PFGE patterns among different hospitals. No vancomycin-resistant isolates were detected among 360 MRSA strains. No significant association was found between individual antibiotic resistance and specific PFGE types. Data from MLST analysis showed that the aUelic profiles of M1 and M3 type strain had the same ST239 linage which was commonly present in China. For M2 and M4 representative strains, the allelic profiles were ST5 and ST240, respectively. ST45 and ST398 were corresponding to two PFGE patterns clustered as M0 type. Conclusion Nosocomial infection due to MRSA was evenly distributed among different age groups and no gender bias was observed. The PFGE types of MRSA strains isolated in major hospitals in Qingdao were highly correlated with the sources of isolates and ST239 isolate seemed the prevalent and widespread one. Strategies should be designed to further monitor and prevent or minimize the spread of ST5 MRSA isolates and the like, in Qingdao area.