Objective To analyze the clinical features,curative effect and prognosis of extra-pulmonary infections by mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP).Methods ELISA was used to detect anti-MP IgM and IgG.Case histories of 226 patients,whose nasopharyneal lotione and respiratory secretions were positive of virus and bacteria respectively,was analysed retrospectively.Results One hundred and eighteen of the 226 (52.2%) cases suffered from extra-pulmonary infection.Of these infections 38.98%,33.89%,21.11% and 17.79% were found in digestive, urinary, cardiovascular systems and serous membrane respectively.All of the cases were improved after treatment with macrolides antibiotics.All cases were MP IgM positive,35.5% cases were IgG positive.Spatum MP positive rate was 32.2%.Positive rate of cold-agglutination test was 47.46%.Conclusions MP infection may cause many extra-pulmonary complications.When multi-organ infections can not be explained with bacterial and viral infections,MP infection should be considered.

TCM incompatibility means that the combinations of some Chinese materia medica would produce or enhance side effects, or even reduce or damage medicine efficacy. Therefore, clinical incompatibility should be avoided. The core idea of TCM incompatibility is "Eighteen Clashes" and "Nineteen Incompatibilities". China Pharmacopoeia clearly states that "Eighteen Clashes" and "Nineteen Incompatibilities" belong to incompatibility. This article summarized the incompatibility in TCM patent medicine used in Guang'anmen Hospital of Chinese Medicine Academy of Sciences, with a purpose to provide references for clinical doctors and pharmacists.

BACKGROUNDParkinson's disease (PD) is an autosomally inherited neurodegenerative disease in elderly people. The etiology of PD has long been thought to be associated with both genetic and environmental factors. To explore potential genetic risk factors for PD in the northern Han Chinese population, we investigated three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4538475, rs11107 and rs12564040) in the BST1, PARK15 and PARK9 genes.

METHODSGenomic DNA from 215 PD patients and 212 matched controls was amplified in two independent PCR systems and subsequently genotyped by digestion with the endonuclease PstI. Genetic parameter and association studies were carried out with SPSS 13.0 and PLINK 1.07 software.

RESULTSWe could accurately detect all genotypes in the three loci with the PCR-RFLP or mismatched PCR-RFLP techniques. The observed heterozygosities of the rs4538475 and rs11107 loci in PD and control groups ranged from 0.460 - 0.481 and 0.410 - 0.441, in BST1, PARK15 respectively, while we detected no heterozygosity at the rs12564040 locus in PARK9. The similar distributions of genotypic frequency between both groups suggest that the three SNPs investigated in this study are unlikely to play roles as common risk factors or pathogenic mutations for PD in northern Han Chinese.

CONCLUSIONThe SNPs investigated in the BST1, PARK15 and PARK9 genes associated with PD susceptibility are not associated with PD in the northern Han Chinese population.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; F-Box Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo deeply explore the effects of microcystins (MC-LR) on Bax and Bcl-2 during the course of MC-LR promoting liver tumor.

METHODSapplied to set up the animal model, and the effect of MC-LR promoting liver tumor was evaluated by the Albertgamma-GT methods. And then, the immunohistochemical technique, RT-PCR and image analysis were used to study the expression of the Bcl-2 and Bax during the course of promoting tumor.

RESULTS(1) MC-LR might enhance the positive reaction rate of GGT. The positive reaction rate of GGT in DEN + pure toxin group was 100%, it was significantly higher than the DEN control group 22.22% (P < 0.05). (2) The intension and areas of the protein expression of Bcl-2 in DEN + pure toxin group were 0.0977 and 0.0315, and in DEN control group were 0.0460 and 0.0205, respectively. The expression level of Bcl-2 protein in DEN + pure toxin group were significantly higher than in DEN control group (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, the protein expression of Bax was significantly decreased by MC-LR (P < 0.05). The intension and areas of the expression of Bax in DEN + pure toxin group were 0.0283 and 0.0073, and in DEN control group were 0.0655 and 0.0244 respectively. (3) The mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was significantly increased by MC-LR. The intension of Bcl-2 mRNA expression in DEN + pure toxin group was 2.244, being significantly higher than in the other groups (P < 0.05). However, the mRNA expression of Bax showed no significant difference between DEN + pure toxin and the other groups.

CONCLUSIONThe expression change of Bcl-2 and Bax should possibly play an important role in the course of MC-LR promoting liver tumor.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Male ; Microcystins ; toxicity ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis ; bcl-Associated Death Protein ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the roles of cell adhesion, multidrug resistance and cell proliferation in short-term recurrent cases with superficial bladder cancer, and the prognostic value of the three indexes.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining for E-cad, P-gp and Ki-67 was performed on the tumors of 100 patients with stage T0-T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder who had been included in a retrospective research by follow-up.

RESULTSE-cad and P-gp expression was positive in 51 (43.2%)and 17 (14.4%) of the tumors, respectively and mean proliferation index (PI) was 22.1%. The decrease in E-cad expression was accompanied with the increasing recurrent episodes (P < 0.05), while increase of P-gp expression and PI were accompanied with the increasing recurrence episodes (P < 0.05). There was significant difference according to E-cad, P-gp positivity and between T(1)G(3) patients and no-T(1)G(3) patients (P < 0.05). There was negative correlation of E-cad expression with P-gp expression and PI.

CONCLUSIONSMinimum adhesion, strong drug resistance and maximum proliferation are the main factors that promote short-term recurrence of superficial bladder cancer and also the inherent reasons for easy recurrence and high malignancy of T(1)G(3) tumors. During this course, the three aspects may interact.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; analysis ; Adult ; Cadherins ; analysis ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; etiology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; pathology

Base Sequence ; Formaldehyde ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Paraffin Embedding ; Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1 ; genetics ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA-Binding Protein EWS ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; genetics ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; genetics ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; genetics ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; genetics ; Tissue Fixation

OBJECTIVETo analyze clinical features of pediatric rhino-source diseases for reducing missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

METHODData of 3588 children with rhino-source diseases seen from April 2005 to May 2006 were retrospectively analyzed in this study in order to disclose the relationship of etiological factor, clinical features and diagnosis.

RESULTAmong all these cases, 2090 complained of nasal discomfort including nasal obstruction, discharge, rhinalgia and epistaxis. However 1498 cases (41.76%) did not, of whom 470 cases had snoring and apnea, 332 cases of otalgia and otorrhea, 145 cases had chronic cough, 138 had headache and 92 had lower respiratory infection.

CONCLUSIONA high percentage of children who suffered from pediatric rhino-source disease did not develop nasal symptoms. Pediatric rhino-source disease should be considered for patients in whom the therapeutic effect is unexpectedly poor.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To explore whether autoreactive antibody presents in patients with sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism(sIHP).Methods The subjects including 26 patients with sIHP and 112 genealogical members as well as 60 age-and sex-matched healthy controls.Anti-parathyroid antibodies in the sera were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence.The levels of calcium,phosphorus and magnesium as well as intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH)in the sera were tested.Results Positive autoantibodies against parathyroid tissue were demonstrated in 10 patients(38%)with sIHP,significantly higher than that of in genealogical members(10%,?~2=13.42,P

Objective:Preliminary study on therapeutic effects of adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) on MRL/lpr mice and the effect on imbalance of Th17/Treg.Methods:Fifteen 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into 3 groups by using random number table,including ADSCs group,control group and cyclophosphamide (CTX) group,with 5 in each group.ADSCs group and control group were injected with 1 × 106ADSCs or phosphate buffered solution (PBS) via tail vein respectively,once a week,a total of eight times.CTX group was injected CTX at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight,once a week for 2 weeks,and then repeated after 2 weeks' rest,a total of four times.The 24-hour proteinuria was measured before and after treatment.All the mice were sacrificed after treatment for 8 weeks.Th17 cells and Treg cells in splenic were examined by flow cytometry.Results:(1) The 24-hour proteinuria in the three groups had no significant difference before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).After therapy for 4 weeks,the 24-hour proteinuria in the ADSCs and CTX groups was much lower than those in control group,and the difference was significant [(5.02 ± 1.61) g/L vs.(7.10 ± 1.63) g/L,(4.90 ±0.71) g/L vs.(7.10 ± 1.63) g/L,P ＜ 0.05],and the longer the duration of treatment (8 weeks),the more obvious effect [(2.24 ± 0.73) g/L vs.(10.36 ± 1.64) g/L,(3.80 ± 1.45) g/L vs.(10.36 ± 1.64) g/L,P ＜0.01].There was no significant difference in 24-hour proteinuria between ADSCs group and CTX group (P ＞ 0.05).(2) Percentage of Treg cells/CD4 + T cells in the spleen lymphocytes:The percentages in ADSCs and CTX groups were higher than that in control group.The levels were 13.62％ ± 1.87％,14.14％ ± 1.29％,10.71％ ± 1.23％,respectively,but there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).(3) Percentage of Th17 cells/CD4 +T cells in the spleen lymphocytes:The percentages in ADSCs and CTX groups were significantly lower than that in control group.The levels were 1.43％ ± 0.20％,1.63％ ± 0.65％,6.37％ ± 1.64％,respectively,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:Transplantation of ADSCs can reduce the 24-hour proteinuria in MRL/lpr mice.To prolong the time of treatment,the effect is more significant.Transplantation of ADSCs can up-regulate Treg cells and down-regulate Th17 cells.ADSCs have the ability to regulate the immune balance of Th17/Treg in MRL/lpr mice,suggesting that ADSCs play the role of anti-inflammatory and immune regulation by regulating the Treg and Th17 cells.

PURPOSE: Insufficient sensitivity and specificity prevent the use of most existing biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. Recently, it was reported that serum microRNAs (miRNAs) may be potential biomarkers in many cancer diseases. In this study, we investigated whether serum levels of 5 miRNAs including miR-21, miR-125b, miR-145, miR-155, and miR-365 could discriminate breast cancer patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Serum levels of miRNAs were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 99 breast cancer patients and 21 healthy controls. The abundance change of serum miRNAs were also evaluated following surgical resection in 20 breast cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers. RESULTS: Serum levels of miR-21 and miR-155 was significantly higher, while miR-365 was significantly lower in breast cancer as compared with healthy controls. The serum levels of miR-21 and miR-155 significantly decreased following surgical resection. Additionally, the serum level of miR-155 at stages I and II was significantly higher compared to stage III. The serum miR-145 level was remarkably higher in progesterone receptor (PR)-positive patients than PR-negative. The positivity of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-365 was high compared to CA 153 and CEA in breast cancer. ROC curve analyses of a combination of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-365 yielded much higher area under curve and enhanced sensitivity and specificity in comparison to each miRNA alone. CONCLUSION: The combination of serum miR-21/miR-155/miR-365 may potentially serve as a sensitive and specific biomarker that enables differentiation of breast cancer from healthy controls.
Area Under Curve ; Biomarkers ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Progesterone ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity