The present study has shown that immunohistochemical staining of the human placentas (5 first trimester and 20 full term placentas) for confirmation of the monocytic linease of its macrophage function. We used two macrophage associated glycoprotein; alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (A1Ac) and lysozyme (LSZ). The results from presence or absence of A1Ac & LSZ by immunohistochemical methods can be helpful to deceide the degree of differentiation of macrophage. In al the placentas examined a strong cytoplasmic reaction for A1Ac was seen in the Hofbauer cells, and the same cells of serial sections didn't stain for LSZ. The strong cytoplasmic reaction for A1Ac supports that Hofbauer cells are macrophage, but they didn't stain for LSZ, a bactericidal enzyme, we propose that these cells are not fully differentiated macrophage. The lack of LSZ may have some relevance to the pathogenesis of certain placental infections.
Humans

No abstract available.
Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development*

Percutaneous biliary drainage is an effective new nonsurgical method for combined external/internal catheterdecompression of obstructed extrahepatic bile ducts. Molnar and Stockum, and more recently others, have reportedsucdess utilizing this approach to establish biliary drainage in patients with obstructive jaundice. Percutaneousbiliary drainage was performed in 9 patients with obstructive jaundice. Internal drainage was accomplished in 4patients (44.4%), and external drainage in 5 patients (55.6%). Major complications occurred in 2 patients; bileleakage, one; sepsis, one. Minor complications occurred in 7 patients; mild or high fever, 5 cases; transienthemobilia, 2 cases. The catheter management problems encoutered including pain, catheter dislodgement ormigration, lumen occulusion, and external bile leakage.
Bile ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Fever ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Methods ; Sepsis

Paragonimiasis is prevalent in Far East and a kind of endemic Korean disases. The primary site of humanparagonimiasis is the lung, but hte ectopic infection of lung fluke has been reported by many authors. Weexperienced one case of abdominal paragonimiasis in a 44 year old male with a complaint of left lowerquadrantpain. Physical examination, barium enema, and other data suggested the possibility of tumor originating from thewall of descending colon. (intramural tumor). Postoperative specimen taken from the solid tumorous lesion showedparasitic granuloma, characteristic of Paragonimus Westermani. Here, we report a case of very peculiar ectopicparagonimaisis involved descending colon wall simulating neoplastic tumor, and also review the literaturesbriefly.
Barium ; Colon ; Colon, Descending ; Enema ; Far East ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Mesocolon ; Paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; Physical Examination ; Trematoda

Diagnostic radiologic studies for angiosarcoma are usually non-specific, but selective angiography is notablyexceptional, and there had been a few reports of CT or US featurs of hepatic or splenic angiosarcoma. We recentlyexperienced a case of hepatic and splenic angiosarcoma demonstrated by CT, US and selective angiogram in34-year0old man.
Angiography ; Hemangiosarcoma

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It has been unclear whether immediate antiviral therapy or observation under the expectation of spontaneous inactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV), is more appropriate for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with acute exacerbation. We intended to analyze the short-term natural course of CHB with acute exacerbation and evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine. METHODS: We analyzed 35 CHB patients with acute exacerbation (positive HBV DNA or HBeAg and ALT>400 IU/L) between March 2000 and May 2003. We regularly checked serum HBV DNA, HBeAg and liver function tests including ALT every 1 to 3 months. If ALT was above 100 IU/L during the follow-up period, patients were treated with 100 mg lamivudine orally once a day. We compared the efficacy of lamivudine use between this group and the group provided with immediate lamivudine trial at their first visit. RESULTS: 27 CHB patients with acute exacerbation were observed without immediate lamivudine trial. In 5 of these patients normal ALT, negative HBeAg and HBV DNA were maintained during 19 months (group 1a). Slightly elevated or normal ALT was maintained without HBeAg seroconversion in 3 patients (group 1b). However, serum ALT flared up above 100 IU/L in 19 patients within 5 months. So, lamivudine was tried on these patients (group 2). The serum HBV DNA was extremely low, being 6.5 pg/mL in group 1a compared to 518.1 pg/mL in group 2. Spontaneous inactivation of HBV was observed in 71.4% (5/7) of patients with HBV DNA less than 20 pg/ mL at the first visit. ALT was lower and HBV DNA was higher in group 2 than the 8 patients who received immediate lamivudine trial at the first visit (group 3). The response rate of lamivudine was similar between group 2, 56.3% (9/16) and group 3, 62.5% (5/8). CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous inactivation of HBV was expected in CHB with acute exacerbation and extremely low level of HBV DNA (less than 20 pg/mL) in a short term follow-up period. Immediate lamivudine therapy might be more appropriate in most CHB patients with acute exacerbation.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/*therapeutic use ; English Abstract ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/*drug therapy/virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged

Authors retrospectively analyzed the CT findings of 102 cases of histologically proven bronchogenic carcinomaduring last 4 years from January 1980 to July 1984 at Kosin Medical College. The results were as follows; 1. Thesex ratio was 86 males to 16 females and the greatest number (66.7%) of cases were seen in fourth and fifthdecades. 2. The distribution of histoligic types of primary lung cancer as follows: squamous cell carcinoma 66cases, Adenocarcinoma 10 cases, small cell carcinoma 7 cases, Large cell carcinoma 5 cases, bronchiloalveolar cellcarcinoma 1 case, Unclassifed 13 cases. 3. Location of primary lesions as follows: Right lung 61 cases, Left lung40 cases. In both lungs, the greatest number of cases were found in the upper lobes. Ratio between central andperippheral mass was 2.5:1, except adenocarcinoma(6:4). 4. CT findings were as follows; Hilar or central mass(75cases), Peipheral mass(26), Bronchial abnormalities such as narrowing, obstruction, or displacement (60),Thickening of the posterior wall of the right upper lobe bronchus, bronchus intermedius, or left mainbronchus(17), Post-obstructive changes; Atelectasis, Pneumonitis, Emphysema(34, 17, 1 respectively), Hilaradenopathy(21), Mediastinal lymph node enlargement(50). Mediastinal invasion(51), Pericardial thickening(5), SVCsyndrom with collateral vessels(3), Pleural effusion (27), Pleural thickening or invasion(14), Chest wallinvasion(2), distant metastasis(26). 5. In most of patients(92 cases), the size of mass above 3cm, but in 9 casesbelow 3cm. Margins of the masses were serrated or lobulated in most cases. In 5 cases, cavitary formations werenoted, walls of which were thick and irregular, and air-fluid level was noted in 1 case. In 2 cases, eccentriccalcification were noted within mass. 6. Among 51 cases of whom direct mediastinal invasion was suspected, 8 caseswere operated upon, and this revealed that the masses were not resectable. Among the patients in whom no direct mediastinal invasion was suggested, 12 cases were operated uppon, and this revealed that the masses wereresectable in all cases. 7. Staging was as follows: stage I, 2 cases, Stage II, 13 cases, stage III, 86 cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Bronchi ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare benign condition characterised by the occurrence of multiple leimyomas scatterred throughout the peritoneal cavity, giving the clinical impression of a wide spread malignant tumor. The histopathology of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is that of a benign leiomyoma, probably originating from the multipotent subcoelomic mesenchymal cells. Three cases with malignant transformation were described among previous reported fifty cases. Many of the early reports described the disorder in premenopausal women, and now the histogenesis is considered to be a metaplastic change by abnormal tissue response to the relatively or absolutely elevated female sex hormone. We report a case of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata, which was diagnosed by multiple scattered submucosal and subseroal leimyomas of stomach, small bowel and colon, combined with advanced gastric cancer in a 58 years old man, Multiple submucosal tumors of the stomach combined with advanced gastric cancer were demonstrated by fibergastroscopy, upper gastrointestinal barium study and abdominal ultrasonography. During radical subtotal gastrectomy multiple submucosal and subserosal tumors of stomach, and subserosal tumors of small bowel and colon were observed and these tumors were confirmed as leiomyoma without malignant potential.
Barium ; Colon ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Leiomyomatosis ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Ultrasonography

The changes of total ascorbic acid level in the spinal cord tissues following experimental spinal cord injury were observed in the 20 cats. Three small areas (2x1.5cm sized) in the thoracic cord following laminectomy were made and the specimens were removed in one control and the other two areas after 5 & 30 minutes following impact injury respectively in each cat. The significant decrease of the total ascorbic acid level after 5 & 30 minutes following experimental spinal cord injury was found.
Animals ; Ascorbic Acid* ; Cats ; Laminectomy ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

This retrospective series compries 268 patients who underwent curative resection of colorectal cancer at the department of surgery, Ewha womans university hospital,from January 1990 to December 1995,and the results obtained were summerized as follows. 1) The sex ratio of male to female was 1.6:1 and peak age group was the 6th decade(29.1%). 2) The most common location of tumor was the rectum (61.2%) and the sigmoid colon (19.8%),ascending colon (11.6%) were followed.3) In the right colon cancer,the most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain and palpable mass. In the left colon,bowel habit change and bloody stool were the most common symptoms. 4) In 119 cases (49.4%) of total cases,the duration of the symptoms prior to admission was below 3 months. 5) The preoperative CEA level was less than 5ng/ml in 147 cases (56.8%). 6) The Modified Dukes stage C2 was noted in 40.3%,B2 in 30.2%,B1 in 11.9%,D in 7.5%,A in 5.2%,and C1 in 4.9%. 7) The Histologic type of cancer was adenocarcinoma in 98.9%,squamous cell cancer in 0.7%,and leiomyosarcoma in 0.4%. 8) Rectal cancer was treated with abdominoperineal resection in 111 cases (41.4%),low.anterior resection in 53 case (19.8%). 9) The Postoperative complications were devepoled in 15.3 % of total cases and the most frequent one was wound infection (39.0%).10) Pelvic cavity was the frequent metastatic site,within 3 year after operation. 11) The 3 year survival rates of 152 patients from 1990 to 1992 were 88.8% in B1, 85.3% in B2, 77.7% in C1,and 50.8% in C2 stages.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Survival Rate ; Wound Infection