Ceftizoxime sodium is a new synthetic β-lactam antibiotic combining potent antibacterial activity with high stability to a wide range of bacterial β-lactamase. This experiment was achieved to evaluate the antibacterial activities of ceftizoxime sodium against. Gram negative enteric bacteria isolated from in outpatient visiting Yeungnam university hospital and to study the emergence of drug induced bacterial variants which resist to ceftizoxime in vitro. The antibacterial activity of the ceftizoxime was compared with that of antibiotics and its effect on population of normal intestinal flora in mice was observed. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Highly effective antibacterial activity of ceftizoxime against Gram negative enteric bacilli was demonstrated and this antibacterial activity was superior to that of ampicillin. 2. Several test strains shows multiple antibiotic resistance. Among 15 strains of Escherichia coli, 1 strain was resistant to ampicillin, cefadroxil, gentamicin, tetracycline, and 2 strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefadroxil, tetracycline, five strains of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae was resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and Shigella dysenteriae was resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline. 3. The frequency of in vitro emergence of resistant variants among ceftizoxime sensitive bacteria in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound was found to be low. 4. Plasmid was isolated in 6 of 9 strains (6 strains of Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Enterobacter cloacae and Salmonella typhi). That showed different antibiotic resistance. They were 5 strains of Escherichia coli and 1 strain of Shigella dysenteriae. However, plasmid could not be considered as a hallmark for antibiotic resistance by this Further studies with curing experiment are to be accomplished for this purpose. 5. Changes in the bacterial count of normal intestinal flora following 25 mg/kg/day administration of ceftizoxime over 5 consecutive days were not significant. In conclusion, ceftizoxime appeared to be a drug of choice in the treatment of Gram negative enteric bacilli infection.
Ampicillin ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Load ; Cefadroxil ; Ceftizoxime* ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Escherichia coli ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Mice ; Outpatients ; Plasmids ; Salmonella ; Shigella dysenteriae ; Tetracycline

Cardiac rupture following blunt thoracic trauma is rarely encountered, since it commonly causes death at the scene. With advances in critical care, blunt cardiac rupture has been successfully treated with well-organized team approach including an emergency physician, anesthesiologist, and cardiac surgeon. We encountered a patient with blunt cardiac rupture of the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium that extended 7 cm to the right ventricular junction. The patient was successfully resuscitated after a closed thoracostomy and pericardiocentesis with fluid loading. Cardiac injury was repaired via mid-sternotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient recovered without complications and was discharged on the 7th day after surgery.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Critical Care ; Emergencies ; Heart Atria* ; Heart Injuries ; Heart Rupture* ; Humans ; Pericardiocentesis ; Thoracostomy ; Vena Cava, Superior*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Surgery*

We found an error in this article. The author's affiliation.

BACKGROUND: Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation is well established as an integral part of the management of patients with the acute lung injury. PEEP is a key element in the treatment of hypoxemia resulting from pulmonary edema. Pulmonary capillary pressure (Pcap) is the most important factor influencing lung edema formation, and an understanding of how Pcap is altered by variations of PEEP or pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) is important to improve the treatment of acute lung injury patients. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of PEEP on the pulmonary capillary pressure in acute lung injury patients. METHODS: This was a prospective study of 11 acute lung injury patients. The effect of PEEP on pulmonary circulation at four different levels (0,4,8, and 12cm H2O) was analyzed. Pcap was estimated visually at bed side with Swan Ganz catheters. The pulmonary vasculature was analyzed by calculating the pressure difference at the arterial and venous parts of the circulation. RESULTS: As PEEP increased from 0 to 12 cm H2O, the mean puhnonary arterial pressure (PAP) and Pcap increased respectively from 22.7 ± 7.4 to 25.3 ± 7.3 mmHg and 15.3 ± 3.3 to 17.8 ±3.2 mmHg (p<0.05). Similarly, PAOP increased from 9.8 ± 2.1 to 12.8 ± 2.1 mmHg and the central venous pressure increased from 6.1 ± 1.6 to 9.3 1: 2.3 mmHg(p<0.05). However, the pressure gradient at the arterial (PAP-Pcap) and venous (Pcap-Pcwp) part of pulmonary circulation remained unchanged at all evaluated PEEP levels. CONCLUSION: Although Pcap increasoo gradually with increased PEEP, the pressure gradient at the arterial and venous part of the pulmonary vasculature remained unchanged at all evaluated PEEP levels in acute lung injury patients.
Acute Lung Injury* ; Anoxia ; Arterial Pressure ; Capillaries* ; Catheters ; Central Venous Pressure ; Edema ; Humans ; Lung ; Positive-Pressure Respiration* ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Pulmonary Edema ; Ventilation

Although it is commonly appreciated that there is an inordinately large number of anormalies associated with the excretory ducts of the liver, comparatively little attention has been paid to the position of the orfice of the common bile duct into the duodenum. But, obiviously the site of entrance of the common bile duct into the duodenum becomes of great importance to the endoscopist, radiologist, and surgeon in diseases of the extra-hepatic biliary tract diag-nostically and therapeutically. We report 'a case of anomalous termination of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb with the gall bladder empyema.
Biliary Tract ; Cholecystitis* ; Common Bile Duct* ; Duodenum ; Liver

BACKGROUND: Totally implantable access port (TIAP) provides reliable, long term vascular access with minimal risk of infection and allows patients normal physical activity. With wide use of ports, new complications have been encountered. We analyzed TIAP related complications and evaluated the outcomes of two different percutaneous routes of access to superior vena cava. METHODS: All 172 patients who underwent port insertion with internal jugular approach (Group 1, n = 92) and subclavian approach (Group 2, n = 79) between August 2011 and May 2013 in a single center were analyzed, retrospectively. Medical records were analyzed to compare the outcomes and the occurrence of port related complications between two different percutaneous routes of access to superior vena cava. RESULTS: Median follow-up for TIAP was 278 days (range, 1-1868). Twenty four complications were occurred (14.0%), including pneumothorax (n = 1, 0.6%), migration/malposition (n = 4, 2.3%), pinch-off syndrome (n = 4, 2.3%), malfunction (n = 2, 1.1%), infection (n = 8, 4.7%), and venous thrombosis (n = 5, 2.9%). The overall incidence was 8.7% and 20.3% in each group (p = 0.030). Mechanical complications except infectious and thrombotic complications were more often occurred in group 2 (p = 0.033). The mechanical complication free probability is significantly higher in group 1 (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the jugular access should be chosen in patients who need long term catheterization because of high incidence of mechanical complication, such as pinch-off syndrome.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jugular Veins ; Medical Records ; Motor Activity ; Pneumothorax ; Retrospective Studies ; Subclavian Vein ; Vascular Access Devices ; Vena Cava, Superior ; Venous Thrombosis

As a modality of effective treatment for trichiasis, authors performed experimental study of the radio frequency application(Mehl's method) to the cilia of four rabbit eyes with the different application times(10, 30, 60, 180 seconds). For the control, electrolysis to the cilia of the two eyes, and two eyes without any application were observed histopathologically. Regardless of the radio frequency application time, the radio frequency applied eyelids did not reveal any gross changes, and the selective degenerative changes(pyknotic, vacuolar, and karyorrhaxis) were observed microscopically in the hair regeneration part(internal root sheath of hair, hair matrix, and papillae of hair). In the electrolysed eyelids, gross scar and severe necrotic changes were appeared in microscopic findings. As a result of our observation, it is indicated that the application of radio frequency as a treatment for trichiasis, in compare with the electrolysis, revealed less destructive to the adjacent tissue, with more selective changes on the portion for hair regeneration.
Cicatrix ; Cilia* ; Electrolysis ; Eyelids ; Hair ; Regeneration ; Trichiasis

A 31-year-old female was referred from other hospital due to migrating chest pain, mild cough, and blood-tinged sputum for three days before admission. Laboratory tests were unremarkable. Chest computed tomography revealed an elliptical necrotic mass at the left anterior mediastinum, measuring 7x3x4 cm. With the impression of mediastinal abscess or loculated empyema, thoracoscopic resection was performed. There was severe pleural adhesion around the mass. The mass could be resected by the wedge resection of the adhesed upper lobe tissue of left lung around the mass. Final pathologic diagnosis was ectopic pancreas.
Abscess ; Adult ; Chest Pain ; Cough ; Empyema ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Mediastinal Diseases ; Mediastinum ; Pancreas ; Sputum ; Thorax