BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that mitral regurgitation(MR) of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is associated with left ventricular outlet pressure gradient, systolic anterior motion of mitral leaflet, abnormal coaptation of mitral valve, malalignment of papillary muscle and elongation of mitral leaflet. To investigate the relation between the degree of MR and the several causing factors, we reviewed 35 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. METHOD: 35 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were classified into a group I(24 patients) without mitral regurgitation and with grade 1 MR or a group II(11 patients) with grade 2 and grade 3 MR. Measurement of mitral leaflet was performed on 2-D echocardiography. Distance between interventricular septum and systolic anterior motion(SAM) of the mitral leaflet was measured on M-mode echocardiography. RESULT: 1) Mitral regurgitation was observed in 22 patients(63%) among 35 patient. 2) Left ventricular outflow pressure gradient was 11+/-10mmHg in group I, 79+/-68mmHg in group II(p<0.05). Interventricular septum-SAM distance was 1.0+/-0.3cm in group I, 0.3+/-0.5cm in group II. 3) Anterior mitral leaflet length was 2.76+/-0.51cm in group V, 2.89+/-0.34cm in group II and posterior mitral leaflet length was 1.71+/-0.43cm in group I, 1.80+/-0.29cm in group II(p>0.05). 4) Mitral annulus circumference was 8.57+/-1.13cm in group I, and 8.58+/-0.92cm in group II(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no correlation between the degree of mitral regurgitation and mitral leaflet length or mitral annulus circumference but, left ventricular outflow pressure gradient and interventricular septum-SAM distance were good correlated with degree of mitral regurgitation.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency* ; Papillary Muscles

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovulation*

Degenerative arthritis of the lumbar spine is one of the main causes of the low back pain over the fifth decade of life. Nowadays, it seems that the number of obese person increases gradually and the role of Obesity in the development of articular degeneration remains controversial. The authors studied 100 cases of the primary degenerative arthritis of the lumbar spine clinically and statistically and compared 50 cases among these with 2 control groups, with and without low back pain, from Mar. 1982 to Sep. 1982. The results were as follows: 1. Among the patients with the degenerative arthritis of the lumbar spine, the ratio of male to female was 1:4, and the age group with the highest frequency was the 6th decade (47%) 2. 44% was obese in the arthritis group and 26% in the control group with low back pain and 12% in the control group without low back pain. 3. The relative risk of the hypothesis that the arthritic patient is obeser than the patient with low back pain but without degenerative changes on X-ray was 2.3, but the hyposthesis was proved to be statistically insignificant. The relative risk of the hypothesis that the arthriticpatient was obeser than the patient without low back pain and degenerative changes on X-ray was 6.3 and proved to be statistically significant.
Arthritis ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Obesity ; Osteoarthritis ; Spine

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary* ; Ultrasonics*

No abstract available.
Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome*

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is a rare entity in Korea and only three cases have been reported so far1,2,3). One of our cases was a unilateral mild chronic slip in a 14 year old boy with Frohlich body type. It was treated by gentle closed reduction followed by knowles' pin fixation. The other case, a 20 year old female, presented chondrolysis of the left hip. Scrutinization of roentgenograms revealed typical features of an unrecognized slipped femoral capital epiphysis. It was treated by Wagner resurfacing replacement arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Somatotypes

Congenital anomalies of the hand were reviewed, which were treated at Seoul National University Hospital from 1973 to 1982. The Conclusions are as follows. 1. Polydactyly is the most common congenital anomaly of the hand in this series. The next common congenital hand anomalies are trigger digit, syndactyly in that order. 2. Better results had been obtained with early reconstructive surgery within one year after birth. 3. Authors propose a new classification of polydactyly. In Joint type (type 1), the extradigit has its own epiphysis in its origin,and in Epiphyseal plate type (type 2) the extradigit do not have its own epiphyseal plate and seems to be derived from the physis of the more developed adjacent digit. We observed 22 cases of joint type and 10 cases of epiphyseal plate type. 4. 6 cases of macrodactyly had been observed. The complicated reconstructive surgery such as Tsuge and Barsky operation resulted in digital necrosis. So more simple and effective operation such as symphalangization would be attempted.
Classification ; Epiphyses ; Growth Plate ; Hand ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Parturition ; Polydactyly ; Seoul ; Syndactyly ; Trigger Finger Disorder

No abstract available.
Gastrectomy* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

In lepromatous leprosy, it is generally believed that there is not only defective CMl specific for M. leprae, but also generalized impairment of CMI and in erythema nodosum leprosum, an immune complex-mediated pathogenesis as well cell mediated immune pathogenesis have been proposed. Neopterin is a pyrazinopyrirnidine compound derived from GTP, its raised excretion has been related to activation of T-lymphocyte/macrophage axis. A study was performed to evaluate generalized CMI status in the LL and ENL and to investigate a relationship between levels of urinary neopterin and disease activity. Urinary neopterin was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography in 25 healthy subjects, in 25 patients with LL and in 25 patients with ENL. The results were as follaws 1. Urinary Neopterin levels of patients with LL was 188.9+147.3umol/mol creatinine, which was higher than that of control group(144.8+40.4umol/mol creatinine)(p<0.01). 2. Urinary Neopterin levels of patients with ENL was 884.1+970.5umol/mol creatinine, which was higher than of control group, and patients with LL(p<0.01, p<0.01). 3. Serial measurement of urinary neopterin from 1 week to 13 weeks after treatment of ENL in 4 cases of ENL showed good correlation between urinary neopterin levels and disease activity. In summary, it thus appears that measurement of urine neopterin in leprosy provides generalized CMI status and reliable index for activity of disease.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Creatinine ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Guanosine Triphosphate ; Humans ; Leprosy ; Leprosy, Lepromatous* ; Neopterin*

These studies were performed to identify the localization, and neuronal function of calcitonin gene-related peptide[CGRP] in the neural axis of rat stomach by retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical techniques. After injection of pseudorabies virus Bartha strain[PRV] as tracer between serosa and muscle layer of stomach, the rats were perfused and the brains were removed. PRV-immunoreactive cells were observed in central nucleus of amygdaloid, insular cortex, subfornical organ, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, organum vasculosum of terminalis, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, K lliker-Fuse nucleus, parabrachial nucleus, locus ceruleus, A1 noradrenaline area, A5 noradrenaline area, area postrema, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve, nucleus tractus solitarius and raphe nuclei. CGRP-immunoreactive cells are observed in insular cortex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, parabrachial nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarisu, neucleus ambiguus, facial nucleus, hypoglossal nucleus and raphe nuclei. The dobule immunofluorescent study was carried out to examine the coexistence of CGRP and PRV in several nuclei : insular cortex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, later hypithalamic area, parabrachial nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius and raphe nuclei. At the results of double immunofluorescent study, we could not observe the double immunoreactive neurons CGRP and PRV in those nuclei but raphe nuclei. These results suggest that CGRP should not have a neural functions in the neurons in nuclei projecting to rat stomach except raphe nuclei.
Animals ; Area Postrema ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Brain* ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide* ; Calcitonin* ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral ; Locus Coeruleus ; Neurons ; Norepinephrine ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Raphe Nuclei ; Rats* ; Septal Nuclei ; Serous Membrane ; Solitary Nucleus ; Stomach ; Subfornical Organ ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ; Vagus Nerve