Objective To study effects of diabetic nephropathy on plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods Serum BNP levels and suspected influential factors(including age,sex,blood pressure,body mass index,HbA1c,blood lipid,renal function)were investigated in 77 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Results Serum BNP was significantly different[(6.7?8.5)ng/L,(13.2?13.1)ng/L,(62.7?71.6)ng/L,P

Abstract: Molecular genetic map is a fundamental organizational tool for genomic research. However, a genetic linkage map for Bupleurum chinense DC. has not been developed. In this study, with the theory of pseudo-testcross, 96 F1 plants from an intraspecific cross of B. chinense were used as mapping populations. Twenty eight ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers and 44 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers were used to detect the polymorphisms between the parental plants, and of them, 28 ISSRs and 14 SSRs were selected to analyze the F1 populations. The map consisted of 13 linkage groups which included 80 (72 ISSRs and 8 SSRs) loci, and covered 2 633.9 cM with an average density of 33.4 cM. All 13 linkage groups consisted of 2-31 loci ranging in length from 15.4-1295.7 cM. This map will provide a basis for studies on gene mapping, map-based cloning and maker-assisted selection of important traits in B. chinense.

Matrix isopotential synchronous fluorescence spectrometric (MISF) method combined with derivative technique has been proposed to determine two spectrally-badly-overlapped anthracene derivatives, 1-chloroanthracene and 9-bromoanthracene,simultaneously. An optimal scanning route of MISF spectra was chosen. By using the novel method, 1-chloroanthracene and 9-bromoanthracene have been determined directly and simultaneously without tedious pre-separation in its mixture.The recoveries of 1-chloroanthracene and 9-bromoanthracene for the analysis are 83.5％～94% and 90.0%～94.0% respectively and their limits of detection are 0.69μg/L and 10μg/L respectively.

Objective To investigate the effects of low molecular weight polysaccharide lsolated from agaricus blazei murill (LMPAB) on adhesion and migration of tumor cell and HUVECs. Methods HT-29 cell and HUVECs proliferation was analyzed by MTT.Adhesion and transmigration monolayer HUVECs ability of HT-29 was examined by spectrophotometry and transwell chambers.Results LMPAB showed no cytotoxic effect on HT-29 cells and HUVECs. LMPAB could significantly decrease HT-29 adhesion and transmigration through HUVECs.Conclusion LMPAB exerts the anti-tumor metastasis activity via inhibition of tumor cell adhesion and migration HUVECs.

The tissue-specific and MeJA-induced transcriptional levels of BcUGT3 and BcUGT6 in Bupleurum chinense were analyzed in the present study. The transcriptional levels of BcUGT3 in root, leaf, flower and fruit were similar and they all were higher than those in stem. The transcriptional level of BcUGT6 was the highest in leaf and the lowest in flower among in all tested tissues. With non-treated adventitious roots as control, BcUGT6's transcriptional levels were elevated to nearly 2 folds for 2 h, 8 h, 24 h, 2 d and 4 d in MeJA-treated adventitious roots of B. chinense. It showed that the transcriptional level of BcUGT6 was slightly affected by MeJA. While, BcUGT3's transcriptional levels were gradually elevated, and till 4 d after MeJA treatment, the expression level was about 7 folds than that of non-treated control. Using pET-28a (+), the expressions of two genes was investigated. Induced by IPTG, the target proteins were expressed in E. coli and then purified. All the results obtained in the present study will be helpful for follow-up bio-function analysis of BcUGT3 and BcUGT6.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Bupleurum ; cytology ; enzymology ; genetics ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cyclopentanes ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; drug effects ; Hexosyltransferases ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Intracellular Space ; metabolism ; Oxylipins ; pharmacology ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Transport ; Sequence Analysis ; Transcription, Genetic ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the influences of the genotypes,anther developmental stages,and cultural conditions on the efficiency of embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration in the anthers culture of Bupleurum chinense.Methods The different effects such as four genotypes,plant growth regulators,and temperature condition were compared in the experiments.The histological study was performed with the process of the anther culture.Results The highest inducing rate of embryogenic calli were achieved for the genotypes Zhongcaiyihao(ZCYH),Z4,and Z5 at the early-to middle-uninucleate stages,except for genotype ZPM1 at the tetrad stage.Cold pretreatment increased the production of the embryogenic callus,in which 4-day cold pretreatment improved the production of embryogenic callus from 0% to 2.2% and 5.0% for genotypes ZPM1 and ZCYH,respectively.No embryogenic callus was induced in the medium containing less than 0.75 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D).The highest regeneration rate (34.6%)was obtained in 1/2 MS salts regeneration medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylmaminopurine (BA).The low concentration of BA was able to promote the embryogenic callus formation and subsequent plantlet regeneration via somatic embryogenesis.Chromosome counting of regenerated plantlets showed mostly diploid plant (2n = 12)with only one haploid plant(n = 6).Because of the low rate of microspore embryo formation,we only tracked the process of embryogenesis from the connective tissue,instead of microspore by histological observations.Conclusion This study establishes an efficient system for embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration system.This is the first report on the haploid plantlet through the anther culture orB.chinense.

This study was aimed to establish the method of identifying bupleurum cultivated germplasm using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers and to initially establish dataset of characteristic SSR bands to the bred cultivars or strains. From the bupleurum SSR primer pairs which were designed in previous work, 50 primer pairs were selected. Two bred strains and 4 other bupleurum cultivated germplasms were used as test materials. Primers pairs were screened with effective PCR amplification and high polymorphism. Meanwhile, conditions for PCR amplification and electrophoresis were optimized. Then, obtained SSR bands were analyzed and a clustering tree on the basis of genetic distance was constructed. The results showed that 9 SSR primer pairs can be used for identification. The suitable assay conditions were established and characteristic SSR bands were obtained for tested materials. The tested samples can be divided into 4 categories in the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.73. TheB. scorzonerifolium cultivated inHeilongjiang andChuanhongchaiNo. 1 strains were clustered as one category. ChuanbeichaiNo. 1 strain andZhongchai No. 1 cultivar clustered as another category. Cultivated germplasms fromSichuan Fengshunand Rongxian clustered as a unique category. It was concluded that the primer pairs and assay method established in the present study can be used as reference in identification of bupleurum cultivars or cultivated germplasms.

In this study, the induction of hairy roots of Bupleurum chinense DC. was explored and established after experiments at different conditions: A. rhizogenes A4 was used to infect the leaves bases of B. chinense tube seedlings. The explants were co-cultured on Phytagel-solidified media for 3 days and then, were turned into solid media, similar with the co-culture media except that bacteriostat was added. After 10 days, rootlets began to appear and after 4 to 5 weeks, rootlets can be converted into liquid shaking culture stage. Plants regeneration from hairy root was useful for the research of new germplasm production and the variety improvement breeding. In the present study, the regenerated plants were obtained. One approach was to continuously culture under light conditions the seedlings which parting off spontaneously from the hairy roots during liquid shaking culture. The other approach was to culture the callus-like tissues produced by hairy roots with the optimized regeneration media for the induction of regenerated plants. The results of present study provide a technique to induce hairy roots and plantlet regeneration of B. chinense and this technique is helpful for the researches on metabolism, especially on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of B. chinense.

Objective: To study the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) analogues on kidney function and kidney ultrastructure in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-eight SPF level male SD rats were randomly divided into control groups (normal control group and diabetic control group) and GLP-1 analogues Exenatide intervention groups(normal intervention group and diabetic intervention group). The effects of Exenatide intervention on glucose, lipid metabolism, kidney function and kidney ultrastructure were observed. Results: Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity index, insulin resistance index, lipid profile, 24-hours microalbuminuria, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of Exenatide intervention group were much better than those of corresponding control groups. Through electron microscopy, glomerular mesangial cell in diabetic control group proliferated, basement membrane thickened, while glomerular mesangial cell in diabetic intervention group did not proliferate, basement membrane mildly thickened. Conclusion: GLP-1 analogues can improve kidney function of diabetic rats. Maybe it is connected with improving kidney ultrastructure.

Administration, Sublingual ; Bacterial Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; analysis ; Male ; Pseudomonas Vaccines ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome