Objective:To evaluate the ability of calcium hydroxide removal using different irrigation methods and the effect on canal sealing.Methods:200 human single root canal premolar teeth were prepared.Divided the teeth randomly into 2 groups(each group 96 teeth,8 as control),one group filled with chemical calcium hydroxide and another filled with finished product calcium hydroxide.7 days after,divided each groups randomly into 6 subsets and remove the calcium hydroxide in the root canal(table1).Then each subset group choose 8 teeth randomly,observed by scanning electron microscope.Other specimens were obturated by lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha with a AH-Plus sealer,stained by Indian ink and then made into transparent teeth model.Results:At the same condition,there was no significant difference between group A and group B;the results of groups associated with ultrasonic were better than groups with injection syringe.The rinse solution EDTA was the best,distilled water was the worse.Dye penetration showed that the length of dye staining was no significant difference among all groups.Conclusion:Ultrasonic and sodium hypochlorite associate EDTA is the best method to remove the calcium hydroxide.But none of the methods and rinse solution used in this experiment can remove all of the calcium hydroxide.The calcium hydroxide remained influence on the root canal sealer is not predominance.

Adult ; Chondroblastoma ; pathology ; Chondroma ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovary ; pathology ; Teratoma ; pathology

Objective To analyze the incidence and related risk factors of hyperuricemia after liver transplantation.Methods A total of 286 cases undergoing liver transplantation from 2009 to 2012 in the Armed Police General Hospital , who had normal uric acid before transplantation and had been followed up for more than 1 year, were enrolled in this study.The clinical data, including liver and kidney function , blood glucose, and lipids were collected .The potential risk factors of hyperuricemia were analyzed .Results 53.5% cases ( 153/286)had hyperuricemia after transplantation.Hyperuricemic patients were predominately older (P =0.038). They also had a higher prevalence of increasing creatinine (P=0.000),and hyperlipidemia(P=0.000).Among female cases, hyperuricemic patients had a higher average BMI (P=0.027).Hyperuricemia group had an elevat-ed ratio of blood lipids 60.1%(92/153), higher than normal uric acid group (39.1%,52/133) ( P<0.05). Conclusions Liver transplantation recipients have a higher incidence of hyperuricemia , particularly in elderly and overweight female patients .Our findings suggest that postoperative hyperuricemia may be associated with high serum creatinine, elevated blood lipids.We should strengthen follow-up, take early detection and early treat-ment.

Background Erythropoietin (EPO) was proved to be express in hematopoietic tissue and nervous system and play the effects of stimulating blood cell production and protecting nervous tissue.Researches showed that EPO is expressed in the embryon brain of animal.However,whether EPO exist in nervous-derived retina and its action on retina with the development is concerned. Objective This research was to investigate the expression of EPO during the embryonic development period of rat retina and explore the role of EPO in retina development process.Methods Clean Wistar rats with pregnancy for 12 days,16 days and 20 days were collected,and the embryonic 12-day rats (E12 d,5 rats),embryonic 16-day rats (E16 d,5 rats) and embryonic 20-day rats ( E20 d,5 rats) were obtained by caesarean operation,and 5 12-month W istar rats were used as controls.The rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the retinal sections were prepared in the different-embryo-phase (12 d,16 d,20d) and growth phase.The expression of EPO protein and mRNA in rat retina was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively.The feed and use of the animals followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results EPO was positively expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclei in the neuroepithelial layer and pigment epithelium of every-embryo-phase rats but only in retinal ganglion cell layer in 12-month-old rats.The gray scale values of EPO expression in retina were 105.55±10.35,99.35± 8.71,83.27± 7.84and 30.30± 3.80 in E12 d rats,E16 d rats,E20 d rats and 12-month-old rats respectively with a statistically significant difference (F=76.13,P＜0.01 ).RT-PCR revealed that the relative values of EPO mRNA expression in retina were 0.876±0.10,0.861 ±0.09 and 0.256±0.03 in E16 d rats,E20 d rats and 12-month-old rats respectively,presenting a elevated value in embryonic rats compared with adult rats ( P =0.00).Gel imaging deletion showed that the A value of EPO amplification products was highest in E16 d rats and lowest in adult rats.Conclusions The expression of EPO appears a high to low fashion during the embryonic development of Wistar rats,which is closely associated with the developing procedure of retina.

Objective To approach a way to induce MSCs to dopaminergic neuron by mesencephalic conditional media and cytokines in vitro,and supply an ideal cells source for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.Methods The rat MSCs were isolated primarily from the femurs and tibias of the Wistar rats.MSCs were cultured,proliferated and purified by passage culture.Cultuered MSCs were divided into the control and the experimental group.In control group,MSCs were cultured without any induction medium.MSCs of experimental group were first cultured at medium containing bFGF for 24 hours.Then media were replaced with induction media which contained the agents as follows,respectively:GM_1,GDNF, GDNF+GM_1,GDNF+GM_1+mesencephalic conditional media.The surface markers of the differentiated neuron,such as NSE and TH were detected by immunocytoehemistry after MSCs were cultured in induction media for 3 and 7 days.Results In control groups,the NSE expression of MSCs was very lower than experimental groups.The percentage of NSE-positive cells of GDNF+GM_1+mesencephalic conditional media group in 7 day((45.257?5.999)/HP)was significantly more than other groups(control group is 2.214?0.779,GM_1 group is 22.014?3.624,GDNF group is 31.345?2.850,GDNF?GM_1 group is 40.314?4.203,P

Objective To report the clinical,electrophysiological and genetic features in a family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1D (CMT1 D).Methods The proband,a 53-year-old man who was found with pes cavus when he was 15 years old,presented with weakness in both lower limbs at the age of 37,aggravated and numbness in legs at the age of 50.His daughter was confirmed pes cavus in her teens and weakness in both lower limbs at the age of 18.Electrophysiology and next generation sequencing were performed in the proband.Results Electrophysiological results of the proband showed demyelinating change in motor and sensory nerves.Latency prolongation was found in bilateral waves Ⅲ,V and abnormal differentiation in bilateral waves Ⅰ of brainstem auditory evoked potential,while both interpeak latencics of Ⅲ-Ⅴ were normal.DNA analysis revealed a heterozygous 1141C ＞ T mutation in exon 1 of early growth response 2 (EGR2) gene in both of the proband and his daughter.Conclusions The onset age of Arg381Cys mutation in EGR2 gene could be at juvenile with weakness in both lower limbs.The phenotype of CMT1D is mild and progressive slowly.

BACKGROUND:Severely curved root canal preparation is the difficulty during clinical root canal preparation, and improper preparation may induce complications such as stage, root canal offset and apical open, which affect the quality of root canal preparation and apical closure. Therefore, it is important to choose a root canal preparation instrument which has the best cutting and forming ability. OBJECTIVE: To compare the shaping ability of Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary instruments, K3 nickel-titanium rotary instruments and stainless steel K-files for the preparation of curved root canals. METHODS:A total of 30 severely curved root canals of freshly extracted human maxilary molars were randomly divided into three groups, with 10 canals in each group. The canals were prepared by Mtwo instruments, K3 instruments and K-files, respectively. The instrument’s tip location in pre- and post-instrumentation radiographs of the three groups was recorded; the changes of root curvature, working length and working time in the three groups were measured and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The root curvature showed no significant difference in the three groups before preparation (P> 0.05). The changes of root curvature after root preparation in Mtwo instrument and K3 instrument groups were significantly less than that in K-files group (P < 0.01), and no significant difference was found between Mtwo instrument group and K3 instrument group (P > 0.05). The root canal preparation time in the three groups showed significant differences (P < 0.01), which was the shortest in Mtwo instrument group and the longest in K-files group. The changes of working length after root preparation in the three groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary instruments and K3 nickel-titanium rotary instruments are have high efficacy and strong shaping ability in preparing curved root canals.

Objective To explore the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced iNOS expression and NO production in rat Schwann cells by the use of inhibitors PD98059 selective for extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(EPK1/2), SB202190 for P38 MAPK and SP600125 for the c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase (JNK). Methods Schwann cells were pretreated with PD98059 (30, 50, 70?mol/L), SB202190 (10, 20, 40?mol/L) and SP600125 (10, 30, 50?mol/L) at the indicated concentrations for 1 hour before the stimulation with LPS (10mg/L) for 4 hour. The estimation of iNOS mRNA, IL-6 mRNA and TNF-? mRNA was performed by RT-PCR; the changes of iNOS protein expression were investigated by Western blotting. The NO level was observed with measurement of nitrite in the cell culture medium. Results LPS could significantly activate MAPK signal pathway and lead to the expression of iNOS and NO production. The iNOS expression and NO production induced by LPS stimulation were significantly inhibited by the three highly specific inhibitors of MAPK. In addition, the inhibitors decreased LPS-induced the expression of IL-6 mRNA and TNF-? mRNA. Conclusion Activation of MAPK pathway is involved in iNOS expression and NO production in rat Schwann cells, and the inhibition of the signal transduction pathway can be effective to reduce the production of iNOS and NO, which may be a useful strategy against inflammatory and immune reaction after peripheral nerve injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of variable sample preparation about sialy LewisA/X on the surface of colon carcinoma cells.Methods Human colon carcinoma cell suspension was prepared by using EDTA,trypsin,cell scraper,trypsin-EDTA and trypsin-cell scraper.Cell counts and sialy-LewisA/X on the surface of colon carcinoma cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results Trypsin made fluorescence intensity of sialy-LewisA/X on the surface of colon carcinoma cells become weaken.Fluorescence intensity of sialy-LewisA/X had no significant deviation among EDTA,cell scraper and trypsin-cell scraper.Cell counts were multitude in EDTA group or trypsin-cell scraper group.Conclusion Trypsin-cell scraper is a available approach on preparing cell suspension of adherent cell.

Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Blood Circulation ; physiology ; Blood Physiological Phenomena ; Lymph ; chemistry ; physiology ; Lymphatic System ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rheology