Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (FHCS)-inflammation of the liver capsule (Perihepatitis) associated with genital tract infection-occurs in 4~14% of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Generally presenting as sharp, pleuritic right upper quadrant pain, usually but not always accompanied by signs of salpingitis. It needs differential diagnosis such as cholecystitis, pyelonephritis. The pathogenesis of FHCS is incompletely understood. But Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are thought to be the primary causative germs of FHCS. We make a report about FHCS in 19-year-old woman who had been sexual history recently.
Chlamydia ; Chlamydia Infections ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Cholecystitis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Peritonitis ; Pyelonephritis ; Salpingitis ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Polypoid lesions of the gall bladder (PLG) have a variety of pathologies. Problems exist in the selection of patients for operation and in the operative approach used. We studied the accuracy of the preoperative radiologic diagnosis and suspected risk factors. METHODS: 121 polypoid lesions of gallbladder were sugically treated during 10 years. Preoperative radiologic diagnosis, age, gender, related symptoms, concurrent gallstone, size, shape, number and histologic diagnosis of the ployps were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The average size of malignancy was 23.0 mm, and that of benign tumors was 7.1 mm (P=0.000). The mean age of patients with a malignancy was significant higher than that of those with benign tumor (P=0.000). The preoperative sensitivity of computed tomography for a malignancy was 67.7%. The patients with malignancy more frequently had related symptoms. CONCLUSION: A CT must be considered, for patients with risk factors, even if the ultrasonographic diagnosis was benign. An Age greater than 60 years, a tumor size greater than 10 mm, a solitary polyp, sessile shape, and related symptoms are predictive factors of a malignancy.
Diagnosis ; Gallbladder* ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Pathology ; Polyps ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has replaced open cholecystectomy as the standard treatment and it has widely gained rapid acceptance. However, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has many complications and it can require conversion to open cholecystectomy or further management. We reviewed our cases for determining the complications and clinical results in order to improve the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital. METHODS: The data from 3,224 laparoscopic cholecystectomies that were performed at our hospital from January 1995 to December 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. The pre-operative laboratory data, operative findings, post-operative pathologic findings, complications and proper treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: 52 of all the patients developed complications. The median patient age was 51.8+/-11.6 years, and the median admission time was 29.9+/-10.6 days. The most common complications were post operative bleeding (20 case), and bile duct injury (15 cases). A collection of bile was noted in 12 cases. The treatment of complications were operations (16 case) radiologic interventions (14 case), and observation with conservative management (22 case). CONCLUSION: There were various complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and these patients needed a longer hospital stay and operative treatment. So, improvement of surgeons' skill with a carefully approach and better understanding of the anatomical variations of the biliary tree and vascular system, recognition of pre-operative patients' general condition and the severity of inflammation, and prompt and proper management for complications should be done to prevent serious problems.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: We examined the expressions of claudin-4 and E-cadherin, which are known as cell adhesion-associated proteins, in stomach cancer. The relationship of their expression with the clinicopathologic factors was examined to investigate the roles of these proteins in the invasion or metastasis of stomach adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The expressions of claudin-4 and E-cadherin were examined in 73 cases of adenocarcinoma of the stomach by performing immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The expressions of claudin-4 and E-cadherin in the stomach adenocarcinoma were both correlated with the histologic grade, the T-stage and nodal metastasis, respectively (P<0.05). The expression of claudin-4 was significantly associated with the expression of E-cadherin. CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that claudin-4 and E-cadherin are involved in the processes of histologic differentiation, invasion and metastasis of stomach adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cadherins* ; Claudin-4* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

This study investigated the morphological differences of P. ostreatus grown in the artificial environmental conditions such as humidity, temperature, ventilation, and watering. Oyster mushroom, which was cultivated on artificial environmental condition, was shown to have different morphology of fruitbodies. The optimum CO2 concentration for good morphology of P. ostreatus was 0.3%. But most fruitbody showed the morphologically low qualities in more than 0.5% of CO2 concentration. In the humidity in excess of 80% at 13~16degrees C, the best morphology of P. ostreatus was investigated. The growth of fruitbodies of P. ostreatus in the ventilation system was good at the wind velocity ranging from 0.2~0.5 fpms and expouring type. In other conditions, P. ostreatus generally showed the morphology closing to malformation.
Humidity ; Pleurotus* ; Ventilation ; Wind

This study investigated the biochemical changes of abnormal fruiting bodies grown under artificial environmental conditions in P. ostreatus. Abnormal mushroom growth during cultivation damages the production of good quality mushroom. This study showed that different environmental conditions produced morphological changes in the fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus. The fruiting bodies with morphological changes were collected and examined for differences in biochemical properties, enzyme activities, and carbohydrates composition. The enzyme activities assay showed that glucanase and chitinase activities decreased when the temperature was below or above the optimum cultivation temperature for P. ostreatus. The biochemical compositions of the abnormal mushroom were significantly different from the normal fruiting bodies. It was suggested that the changes in the biochemical composition of abnormal mushroom were caused by the unfavorable environmental conditions during mushroom cultivation.
Agaricales ; Carbohydrates ; Chitinase ; Fruit* ; Pleurotus*

Paraffin sections of atherosclerotic vessels were classified into initial lesion, preatheroma and complicated severe lesion by classification method from American Heart Association. Activation of NF-kappaB was hardly detectable in the initial atherosclerotic lesion. In the preatheroma, activated NF-kappaB was enhanced in the neointimal smooth muscle cells and macrophages in the lipid core. In contrast, activated NF-kappaB increased markedly in the neointimal and medial smooth muscle cells in the severe atherosclerotic vessel wall. However, in the severe lesion, NF-kappaB activation was diminished in the macrophages of lipid core. Our findings show that NF-kappaB was activated in the smooth muscle cells with the progression of atherosclerosis in the human coronary artery.
American Heart Association ; Atherosclerosis ; Classification ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans* ; Macrophages ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; NF-kappa B ; Paraffin