Background: This study was aimed to identify the level of awareness and compliance on the nosocomial infection control among clinical nurses. Methods: Data was collected from Sept. 15 to Oct. 10, 2001 and obtained from the nurses working at six general hospitals in Daegu city and Kyungpook province. Five hundred sixteen nurses were answered to the 36 item questionnaire which was composed of the hand washing(5 items), the management of sterile article(7 items), the management of contaminated article(8 Items), the administration of medication(8 items) and the environment management(8 items). Results: The mean score of the awareness about the infection control was 3.59/4. In sub-sections, the mean score of the administration of medication was 3.66, the hand washing was 3.65, the environmental management was 3.60, the sterile article management was 3.57, and the contaminated article management was 3.48. The mean score of the compliance about the infection control was 0.78/1. In sub-sections, the mean score of the administration of medication was 0.88, the sterile article management was 0.80, the hand washing was 0.76 and theenvironment management was 0.76. There was positive correlation between the level of the awareness and the compliance on the nosocomial infection control. Conclusion: Therefore, it should be required that the development of the educational programs and the supportive policy of the hospital about infection control for the nurses.
Compliance* ; Cross Infection* ; Daegu ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hand ; Hand Disinfection ; Hospitals, General ; Infection Control ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Background: This study was aimed to identify the level of awareness and compliance on the nosocomial infection control among clinical nurses. Methods: Data was collected from Sept. 15 to Oct. 10, 2001 and obtained from the nurses working at six general hospitals in Daegu city and Kyungpook province. Five hundred sixteen nurses were answered to the 36 item questionnaire which was composed of the hand washing(5 items), the management of sterile article(7 items), the management of contaminated article(8 Items), the administration of medication(8 items) and the environment management(8 items). Results: The mean score of the awareness about the infection control was 3.59/4. In sub-sections, the mean score of the administration of medication was 3.66, the hand washing was 3.65, the environmental management was 3.60, the sterile article management was 3.57, and the contaminated article management was 3.48. The mean score of the compliance about the infection control was 0.78/1. In sub-sections, the mean score of the administration of medication was 0.88, the sterile article management was 0.80, the hand washing was 0.76 and theenvironment management was 0.76. There was positive correlation between the level of the awareness and the compliance on the nosocomial infection control. Conclusion: Therefore, it should be required that the development of the educational programs and the supportive policy of the hospital about infection control for the nurses.
Compliance* ; Cross Infection* ; Daegu ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hand ; Hand Disinfection ; Hospitals, General ; Infection Control ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Over the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the incidence of multifetal pregna-ncies, primarily because of the introduction of ovarian stimulants for ovulation induction and assisted reproductive technology ( ART ) in infertile patients. It is well established that multifetal pregnancies are associated with an increased frequency of the maternal complications and gre-ater perinatal morbidity and mortyality. The adverse outcome of multifetal pregnancies is dire-ctly proportional to the number of fetuses, primarily as an consequence of prterm delivery. Re-duction in the number of fetuses in multifetal pregnancies has been proposed as a way to impr-ove the perinatal outcome in this situation. Therefore, selective fetal reduction ( SFR ) is sugges-ted as a therapeutic option for continuation of pregnancy with fetuses mature enough to survi-ve. In this paper, we report our infertility clinic experiences with 6 patients who carried mult- ifetal pregnancies including 1 quintuplet, 1 quadruplet, and 4 triplets. from January, 1991 to May, 1996, transabdominal SFR was accomplished by fetal intrathoracic KCl injection at 9~10 weeks of gestation. After the prcedure, 4 patients remained as twin pregnancies, and 2 patients as single pregnancy. There have been 3 sets of twin deliveries and the 2 sets of single delivery. One case was aborted. Two patients were delivered after 37 weeks of gestation, 2 patients were at 35 weeks, and 1 patient at 24 weeks. All babies have been healthy after birth in patients after 35 weeks gestation. There was no fetal anomaly related to the procedure in the 6 cases. We concluded that transabdominal SFR is a rather safe and useful procedure that may improve the outcome of multifetal pregnancies.
Fetus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Ovulation Induction ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Quadruplets ; Quintuplets ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Triplets ; Twins

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atelectasis*

PURPOSE: This study aims to develop a tool to predict occupational health patients' nursing needs or nursing time. METHOD: A tool was composed based on the materials and opinion of experts, and to verify the reliability and validity of the tool, nursing time of total 311 inpatients in 2 occupational health hospitals were surveyed. RESULTS: The developed tool was total 151 items and composed of physical function, cognitive function, communication, emotional and disturbance behavior, nursing skill, and rehabilitation need. The reliability of the tool was high, showing Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95. But several items should be deleted for low corrected item-total correlation. According to the multiple regression analysis, physical function and rehabilitation need were shown to be the most powerful predictive variables for nursing time. CONCLUSION: The developed tool was appeared to have high reliability and validity. But further refinement of the tool is needed.
Accidents, Occupational ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Occupational Health ; Reproducibility of Results

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual condition of the disabled due to Occupational accidents based on the functional evaluation tool. METHOD: The data were collected from 2 Workers Accident Medical Corporation, 311 subjects between February and August, 2007. The tool comprised of six components including physical function, cognitive function, communication, emotional and disturbing behavior, nursing skills and rehabilitation needs. RESULTS: Among the disabled, the average point of physical function of 5 was found in 61.92% and to express and understand were evaluated as normal in 36.69% and 33.44%, respectively. Also, hearing and vision were evaluated as normal in 53.50% and 37.98%, respectively. 19.01% of the disabled had emotional problems and 13.78% had disturbing behavior. Most disabled were in need of nursing skills with 97.73% ROM and activities. The 78.18% and 76.90% of disabled were in need of rehabilitation because of right and left leg in full movement disorders, respectively. CONCLUSION: The evaluation score for the disabled caused by Occupational accidents was diverse showing 10 to 19 points and 140 to 150 points. The result means the care cost should be determined depending on the care needs of the disabled because there is such a diverse range of care needs for them.
Accidents, Occupational ; Hearing ; Leg ; Movement Disorders ; Vision, Ocular

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine the usefulness of blood culture in the management of febrile immunocompetent patients presenting emergency department. METHODS: We prospectively analysed the medical characteristic and the result of blood culture of febrile immunocompetent patients who presented to Chonnam National University Hospital emergency center form April 2005 to October 2005. RESULTS: The study included 182 patients. The characteristic associated with the positive result of blood culture on multivariate analysis was the low initial level of albumin. Of the 182 culture, only 26 were true positive(14.3%). Of them, the result of blood culture influenced management in five patients (2.7%). CONCLUSION: The blood cultures has usually been ordered in febrile immunocompetent patients at emergency department has the limited usefulness. The emergency physician who initially treats them has to consider this limitation of it.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Fever ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prospective Studies

Fentanyl is a selective and pure agonist to the micron receptor and is about 100 times more potent than morphine. It has been used through intravenously to control acute pain, such as postopreative pain, for a long time. A transdermal fentanyl system, a fentanyl patch, composed of four layers of functional reserviors of fentanyl and one protective layer, delivers a constant amount of fentanyl to systemic circulation thorough passive diffusion for up to 3 days after application on the skin. Due to its pharmacokinetic properties, including delayed onset, relatively constant effect for 3 days, and to the relatively short duration and variable change of acute pain, we recommend that the transdermal fentanyl system should be used to control chronic pain in patients who do not response to lower analgesic agents. However, because of misperception of health care providers, its noninvasive and simple method of administration, and the absence of laws to regulate its usage, abuses of the transdermal fentanyl system have been reported a lot. In conclusion, we reported the cases of two patient who experienced fatal effects after abuse of fentanyl patch, we analyse the pharmacokinetic properties of the fentanyl patch and previous reported cases. We also discuss the appropriate use and regulation of the transdermal fentanyl system by primary health care provider.
Acute Pain ; Analgesics ; Chronic Pain ; Diffusion ; Fentanyl* ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Morphine ; Primary Health Care ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Skin