Acetophenones ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; pathology

Objective To investigate clinical effect of file hand stainless steel and nickel -titanium instru-ment combined with sonic endodontic on chronic periapical periodontitis for C -shaped root canals in mandibular sec-ond molars.Methods 140 patients with chronic periapical periodontitis for C -shaped root canals in mandibular sec-ond molar were chosen and randomly divided into two groups,including A group (70 patients)with file hand stainless steel and B group (70patients)with sonic endodontic combined with nickel -titanium instrument.The following -up success rate of root canal therapy,filling quality of root canal,incidence of pain reaction and complication of root canal preparation between the two groups were compared.Results The following -up success rate of root canal therapy in 6 months after treatment of A group and B group were 32.86%(23 /70),67.14%(47 /70).The following -up suc-cess rate of root canal therapy in 12 months after treatment of A group and B group were 64.29%(45 /70),72.86%(51 /70).The following -up success rate of root canal therapy in 6 months after treatment of B group was significantly higher than A group(χ2 =10.27,P <0.05).There was no significant difference in following -up success rate of root canal therapy in 12 months after treatment between the two groups(χ2 =2.14,P >0.05).The good filling rate of root canal of B group was significantly higher than A group(χ2 =9.70,P <0.05).The incidence rates of pain reaction of A group and B group were 48.57%(34 /70),21.43%(15 /70).The incidence rate of pain reaction of B group was significantly lower than A group(χ2 =12.15,P <0.05).The incidence rates of apical foramen deformation,wall perforation and step formation of A group were 6.54%(14 /214),0.93%(2 /214),7.94%(17 /214),those of A group were 7.73%(17 /220),0.91%(2 /220),1.82%(4 /220).The incidence rate of step formation of B group was significantly lower than A group (χ2 =11.14,P <0.05 ).There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of apical foramen deformation and wall perforation between the two groups (χ2 =3.11,1.06,P >0.05 ). Conclusion Nickel -titanium instrument combined with sonic endodontic on chronic periapical periodontitis for C -shaped root canals in mandibular second molars can efficiently improve rational symptoms,enhance filling quality of root canals and reduce pain degree and complication risk,the effect is better than file hand stainless steel for canal preparation.

Adult ; Female ; Glioma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Teratoma ; pathology ; surgery

Objective In order to explore the effectiveness of defluoride project on the control of endemic fluorosis in Yantai economic & technological development area. Methods Nine hundred forty-five children aged 7-12 were selected in 4 endemic fluorosis disease areas (Guxian,Bajiao,Dajijia Streets and Changjiang community) and the control area of Yantai economic & technological development area. Prevalence of children's dental fluorosis was determined by Dean method. Water fluoride content was measured in the 4 endemic fluomsis disease area by means of fluorides ion selective electrode. Results Childr dental fluorosis prevalence rate in Guxian,Bajiao,Dajijia Streets and Changjiang community was respectively 30.1% (55/183),41.2% (73/177),33.7% (66/196),31.8% (64/201),higher than those in the control area [13.3% (25/188)]; the median of water fluoride in the 4 disease areas was 1.84,3.46,2.39,2.10 mg/L,respectively,higher than the National Health on the control of endemic fluorosis is not obvious,Standard (1.00 mg/L). Conclusions Effect of the defluoride project in Yantai economic & technological development area needs to be improved.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of sacral nerve root electrostimulation (SNS) on the colon function and its mechanisms in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).

METHODSOne hundred and four Wistar rats were divided into three groups: A, B and C. A group ( n = 24) was divided into three subgroups (n = 8) for studying the bioelectricity: Normal group (NG), SCI group (SCI) and SCI group with SNS(SNS); B group( n = 24) was divided into three subgroups( n = 8) for studying the colon motility: NG, SCI and SNS. C group( n = 56) were divided into three groups for studying the change of morphology and neurotransmitters(SP and VIP): NG (n = 8), SCI (n = 24), and SNS (n = 24) . In SCI and SNS, included of three subgroups: 24, 48, 72 h after spinal cord injury (n = 8).

RESULTSIn SCI group, the activity of bioelectricity in proximal and distal colon was reduced; the colon motility was lessened, and colon mucosa appeared different degree of damage; cell-cell connections between intestinal epithelial cells were destroyed. The expressions of substance P(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in colon were decreased obviously. SNS was found to activate the bioelectricity, promote the colon motility, improve the intestinal mucosal, and increase the expressions of SP and VIP. Conclusion: SNS can activate the peristalsis, rehabilitate the motility of denervated colon, protection of the intestinal mechanical barrier between intestinal epithelial cells and tight junction, rebuild the colon function through activating the bioelectricity and increase the expressions of SP and VIP.

Animals ; Colon ; physiopathology ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Lumbosacral Region ; innervation ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the ultrastructural change of the route of gut bacterial translocation in a rat with spinal cord injury (SCI).

METHODSForty Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: control group and 3 SCI groups (10 in each group). The rats in the SCI groups were established SCI model at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after SCI. Small intestine mucous membrane tissue was identified and assayed by transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and immunofluorescence microscopy.

RESULTSSmall intestine mucous membrane tissue in control group was not damaged significantly, but those in SCI groups were damaged significantly. Proliferation bacteria in gut lumen attached on microvilli. The extracellular bacteria torn the intestinal barrier and perforated into the small intestinal mucosal epithelial cell. The bacteria and a lot of particles of the seriously damaged region penetrated into the lymphatic system and the blood system directly. Some bacteria were internalized into the goblet cell through the apical granule. Some bacteria and particles perforated into the submucosa of the M cell running the long axis of M cells through the tight junctions. In the microcirculation of mucosa, the bacteria that had already broken through the microvilli into blood circulation swim accompanying with erythrocytes.

CONCLUSIONThe routes of bacterial translocation interact and format a vicious circle. At early step, the transcellular pathway of bacterial translocation is major. Following with the destroyed small intestine mucous, the routes of bacterial translocation through the lymphatic system and the blood system become direct pathways. The goblet cell-dendritic cell and M cell pathway also play an important role in the bacterial translocation.

Animals ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Translocation ; Epithelial Cells ; microbiology ; Goblet Cells ; microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; microbiology ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Intestine, Small ; microbiology ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Microvilli ; microbiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; microbiology

·AIM: To report two patients with Helveston syndrome who received surgical treatment.·METHODS: During last year in department of oph-thalmology in West China Hospital, the surgery was designed to correct A-exotropia by lateral rectus' weaken and vertical offsets, and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) by superior rectus muscles recession simultaneously.·RESULTS: A-exotropia and DVD of the patients vanished six months after the surgery. Both patients were clinically cured.·CONCLUSION: As the degree of horizontal and vertical strabismus was in the allowed range, complete examination and full assessment of the function of the four muscles were performed before operation, single operation can be considered in the treatment of Helveston syndrome.

Objective To analyze the correlation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)level with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)level and to re-evaluate the diagnostic value of GGT for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Four hundred and seventy-two patients with HCC or liver cirrhosis,who were hospitalized in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2003 to June 2009,were included in the study.The correlation between GGT and AFP was analyzed by Spearman nonparametric test.The cut-off values for the two parameters were determined based on their receiver operating characteristics (ROC)curves,areas under the ROC curve (AUCs),sensitivity,and specifici-ty,and the diagnostic values were presented using their sensitivity,specificity,and correct index.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0.Normally distributed continuous data were analyzed by independent-samples t test,while non-normally distributed continuous data were analyzed by Mann -Whitney U test.Categorical data were analyzed by Pearson chi -square test,continuity-corrected chi -square test,or Fisher’s exact test.Results Among 472 patients,224 were diagnosed with HCC,and 248 with liver cirrhosis.Compared with cirrhotic patients,HCC patients had a significantly higher GGT level (113 (58-254)U/L vs 38 (22-72)U/L,Z=-11.037,P<0.001)and a significantly higher AFP level (429.5 (15.7-1210.0)ng/ml vs 5.7 (3.4-18.2)ng/ml,Z=-10.157,P<0.001).A significant correlation was found between GGT and AFP (r=0.449,P<0.001).The AUC was 0.784 for GGT and 0.788 for AFP.The cut-off value was 60 U/L for GGT and 20 ng/ml for AFP.The sensitivity was 74.1%for GGT,71.8%for AFP,and 90.7%for a combina-tion of the two parameters,the specificity was 70.2%,77.6%,and 58.7%,respectively,and the correct index was 0.443,0.494,and 0.494,respectively.Conclusion GGT may be regarded as one biomarker for HCC,and its level is significantly correlated with AFP level. The diagnostic value of AFP may not be improved when used in combination with GGT.

Objective To investigate the missing rate of polypus with colonoscopy and correlation factors for missed diagnosis.Methods Data with colorectal polyps collected a second colonoscopy within 180 days after polyps were detected and removed on the initial colonoscopy in 186 patients between July 2009 and June 2013.The following factors were statistically analyzed,including lesionrelated factors (the lesion size,location,shape,number,and pathology),and non-lesion-related factors (intestinal cleanliness,colonoscopy post-set time,colonoscopy operator experience,and whether colonoscopy with sedation).Results Polypus missed diagnosis was found in 57 patients out of 186 recruited subjects (30.64％).A total of 76 polypus were missed out of 343 (22.16％) polypus detected by repeated colonoscopy.Flat small polyps were easily missed diagnosis (P ＜ 0.01).Polyps located at sigmoid,cecum and ascending colon,hepatic flexure,and splenic flexure were easily missed diagnosis (P ＜0.05).The rate of missed diagnosis was significantly increased in the condition of the low intestinal cleanliness,short colonoscopy post-set time,non-intravenous anesthesia,and beginner colonoscopy doctors (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions A markedly missing rate of polyp existed on colonoscopy,and was closely related to the lesion-related factors (the lesion size,location,shape,number,and pathology) and the non-lesion-related factors (the intestinal cleanliness,colonoscopy post-set time,colonoscopy operator experience,and whether colonoscopy with sedation).

Objective To explore the effect of combined use of antiplatelet drugs on late-onset bleeding in elderly patients after high frequency electric resection of the colon polyps on colonoscopy.Methods Data with late-onset bleeding after high frequency electric resection of the colon polyps on colonoscopy were collected from 64 elderly patients using antiplatelet drugs from January 2010 to December 2013.Those 64 elderly patiets using antiplatelet drugs were divided into aspirin,clopidogrel,and aspirin + clopidogrel groups.The clinical situation,blood-coagulation time,bleeding-occurrence time,emergency colonoscopy hemostatic rate of demand,and hemostatic time in hospital were analyzed.Results No statistically significant differences were found in the blood-coagulation time,bleeding-occurrence time,and hemostatic time in hospital among aspirin,clopidogrel,and aspirin + clopidogrel groups.However,the clinical situation,and emergency colonoscopy hemostatic rate of demand in aspirin + clopidogrel group were significantly more serious and higher than those of the aspirin or clopidogrel groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions There are more serious clinical situation and higher emergency colonoscopy hemostatic demand in patients with combined use of antiplatelet drugs relative to the use of single antiplatelet drug.The clinicians should pay attention to the combined use of antiplatelet drugs for late-onset bleeding in elderly patients after high frequency electric resection of the colon polyps on colonoscopy.