Objective To study effects of diabetic nephropathy on plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods Serum BNP levels and suspected influential factors(including age,sex,blood pressure,body mass index,HbA1c,blood lipid,renal function)were investigated in 77 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Results Serum BNP was significantly different[(6.7?8.5)ng/L,(13.2?13.1)ng/L,(62.7?71.6)ng/L,P

Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; therapy ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the level of serum IL-10 in renal allgraft recipients with stable renal function,acute rejection,infection and chronic allgraft nephropathy(CAN),and to study the level of serum IL-10 in stable renal function recipients with different postoperative time,different dosage of CsA,different rejective frequency in order to find out the value of IL-10 in the follow-up of out-patients. Methods IL-10 were detected randomly by ELISA technique in 127 renal allgraft recipients during the follow-up,and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls.Results Level of serum IL-10 in stable renal function group was significantly higher than that in rejection group,CAN group and control group(P

PurposeSpinal cord is one of the most frequently involved sites of multiple sclerosis (MS), which seriously affects the life quality of patients. In this paper, we investigate the application value of voxel-based morphology (VBM) and resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) in multiple sclerosis patients with single spinal cord involvement (MS-SSCI).Materials and Methods Three-dimensional T1WI data and RS-fMRI data were acquired from 20 patients with MS-SSCI and 20 normal controls, grey matter volume (GMV), changes of white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV) and local nuclei volume were compared between the two groups using VBM, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was regarded as the seed point and the functional connectivity about whole brain was compared between the two groups by using resting-state functional connectivity analysis, the relationships between MS-SSCI structure, function change parameters and expanded disability states scale (EDSS) scores were further explored.Results①Compared with the control group, GMV, WMV, TIV of MS-SSCI group were not significantly reduced, only the volume of some regions (bilateral middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus) showed significant atrophy (P<0.01); MS-SSCI exhibited increased functional connectivity (FC) in the left medial prefrontal cortex, left inferior temporal gyrus, left caudate nucleus and right supplementary motor area (two-sample t test, after AlphaSim correction,P<0.01, voxel size >40).②There was no significant correlation (P>0.05) between MS-SSCI structure change parameters and EDSS; while a significant correlation between EDSS scores and FC was noted in the left inferior temporal gyrus (r=0.633,P<0.05).Conclusion Both structural abnormalities and altered FC with PCC can be detected in MS-SSCI, but only functional parameters are associated with clinical abnormalities, which are more sensitive than microstructural changes.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To observe the influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNFα) on skeletal muscle protein catabolism in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the effects of indomethacin (IND) on it. Methods Duplicated COPD model rats were divided into two groups: the malnutrition group and the normal nutrition group. The malnutrition group were further divided by randomized block design into four groups. Isotonic physiologic saline was administered to group A, the control and the normal nutrition group, and different doses of oral IND were administered to groups B, C, and D weight, concentrations of TNFα, contents of 3-methyl-histidine ( 3- M H ) and tyrosine (Tyr) in the diaphragm and extensor digitorum longus muscle homogenates were measured before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, the concentrations of TNFα in the serum of malnutrition groups were all significantly higher than those of normal nutrition group and the control group. After the intervention: (1) The concentrations of TNFα in the serum of the rats of group B, C and D were significantly lower than the group A, especially in group C. The levels of TNFα in serum and body weight of model group rats were negatively correlated ( r = -0. 846, P ＜0. 01 ), as well as the diaphragm and extensor digitorum longus muscle weights ( r = - 0. 778, P ＜ 0. 01; r = - 0. 772, P ＜ 0. 01 ). (2) The levels of 3-methyl-histidine in the diaphragm and extensor digitorum longus muscles of the intervention group C was lower than the COPD normal nutrition group, as well as the intervention groups B and D. The contents of tyrosine in the diaphragm and extensor digitorum longus muscles of the intervention group C was lower than that of the COPD normal nutrition group,as well as the groups B and D. The body weight growth value of the intervention group B were slightly higher than the group A, without significant difference( P ＞ 0. 05 ), while the group C was significantly higher than the group A ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions TNFα is involved in the occurrence of COPD malnutrition and skeletal muscle amyotrophy. IND can reduce the TNFα levels in the serum and the catabolic rates of the skeletal muscle proteins in malnutrition rats with COPD, so as to improve partly the skeletal muscle atrophy.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect and safety of modified microvascular decompression (MVD) on the recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.Methods:50 patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia from 2010 to 2015 in the Center of Cranial Nerve of Shanghai Jiaotong University (including Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Xinhua Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed,patients before 2012 were given regular MVD (MVD group,n=22),patients after 2012 were given improved MVD (modified MVD group,n=28).MVD group was given trigeminal nenre root decompression by traditional MVD,the method was described as follows:the skin,myofascial was cutted in turn along the first incision,the scar tissue on the edge of bone window was separated,and the bone window was appropriately expanded until the dura mater was fully exposed.Then dura mater was cutted open to sharply dissect the arachnoid,Meckel cavity was probed up to neurological brain regions (REZ),the trigeminal nerve segment was closely examined to separate the responsible blood vessels of oppressive nerve and the Teflon pad of cotton imbedding at the first operation.Modified MVD group was given detection of intracranial trigeminal nerve and its surrounding structures,dissection of brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia,and the compression of superior cerebellar artery to brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia was fended off.The postoperative remission rate,recurrence and complications between two groups were compared.Results:The postoperative remission rate in modified MVD group was 100.0％,which was significantly higher than that of the MVD group (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P＞0.05).The recurrence rate at 1 year after surgery in modified MVD group was 0％,which was significantly lower than that of the MVD group (22.7％,P＜0.05).Conclusions:Decompression of trigeminal nenrerootcombined with brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia in MVD for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia could effectively relieve the pain,reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence,and wouldn't increase the postoperative complications.

Objective To assess the influencing factors of the progression of carotid atherosclerotic stenosis using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). Methods From January 2009 to December 2014, a total of data 279 consecutive patients first assessed by CDFI as moderate stenosis of carotid atherosclerosis (stenosis rate 50 -69%)and regularly reexamined with CDFI at 12,24 and 36 months after initial examination were enrolled retrospectively. The residual diameter of vascular lesions and the changes of hemodynamic parameters were documented,and they were divided into either a progression group (n = 40)or a non-progression group (n = 239,and the non-progression group was divided into steady group[n = 210]and improved group [n = 29])according to whether the degree of stenosis progressed into severe stenosis (stenosis rate 70 -99%)or occlusion. The effects of the risk factors for common cerebrovascular disease and taking lipid lowering drugs (atorvastatin 20 mg/ d)on stenosis progression were compared in patients between the 2 groups. There were significant differences in hypertension,smoking and the regular use of atorvastatin . The effects of those factors on the progression of carotid stenosis were compared further through Logistic regression analysis. Results The residual vascular diameters of stenosis at 24,and 36 months were reduced obviously in the progression group compared with those of the non-progression group. There was significant difference (all P < 0. 05),and both the stenotic sites and distal peak systolic flow velocity ratio were significantly higher than those of the steady group and improved group (all P < 0. 05). Among the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease,hypertension (OR,2. 686,95% CI 1. 120 -6. 442,P = 0. 027)and smoking (OR,2. 265,95% CI 1. 081 -4. 746,P = 0. 030)were the major risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis. Regularly taking atorvastatin was a protective factor of delaying the progression of carotid stenosis (OR,0. 383,95% CI 0. 178 -0. 827,P = 0. 015). Conclusions CDFI may objectively evaluate the progression of carotid stenosis. Smoking and hypertension are the independent risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis,and regularly taking atorvastatin contributes to delay the progression of carotid stenosis.

Cholesteatoma ; diagnosis ; Ear, Middle ; Humans ; Otitis Media ; diagnosis

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of combined therapy of mild hypothermia and hibernation to treat severe brain injury. Methods24 patients with severe brain injury were randomly divided into combined therapy group and normothermia group. Glasgow Coma Scale scores of all the patients were in the range of 3 to 8. No later than 10 hours after their injury, hypothermia patients were given half dosage of No.1 hibernation cocktail and had been cooled by cooling blankets to 32℃-34℃ (rectal temperature) for 5 days, then to 35℃ for 24 hours, and slowly increased to their normal level. 3 days and 7 days after their admission, intracranial pressure,creatine phosphate kinase,partial pressure of arterial O2 and CO2, platelet and Na+,K+ were measured.7 days after their admission, Glasgow Outcome Scale scores of each patient and mortality of each group were measured. ResultsThe mortality of combined therapy group(25.0%) was significantly lower than that of normothermia group (66.6%,P<0.05). The decreased values of intracranial pressure, creatine phosphate kinase and platelet number of combined therapy group were all significantly higher than that of normothermia group respectively (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in mean artery pressure, blood electrolyte, and partial pressure of arterial O2 and CO2 between these two groups(P>0.05). ConclusionThe combined therapy of mild hypothermia and hibernation can effectively reduce the mortality of patients with severe brain injury as it is much easier, less invasive and with less complications.