No abstract available.
Erythropoietin*

No abstract available.
C-Reactive Protein* ; Female ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct the clear definition of the concept 'self-reliance' among persons with psychiatric disabilities. METHODS: A hybrid model (comparative analysis between literature review findings and actual interview data) was employed to extract essential components of 'self-reliance' and develop its clear definition among those subjects. RESULTS: Self-reliance appeared to have complex nature and consist of multi-dimensional meaning units with 4 different levels (including 8 attributes and 21 indicators). 4 different levels of dimensions and their 8 attributes are suggested as follows: 1) Personal dimension (increasing insight, improving motivation for recovery); 2) Procedural dimension (encouraging empowerment and overcoming internalized stigma, self-esteem); 3) Institutional dimension (utilizing social and government support, formulating social-networks); 4) Consequential dimension (financial independence, planning for independent housing, self-determination). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will contribute to developing valid measurements to examine self-reliance and establishing nursing interventions aiming at increasing self-reliance in persons with psychiatric disabilities.
Housing ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Motivation ; Nursing ; Power (Psychology)

No abstract available in English.
Arthroscopy ; Knee Joint ; Knee

PURPOSE: The authors of the present study report a case of phthiriasis palpebrarum treated with petrolatum ointment and tea tree oil in a 12-month-old boy. CASE SUMMARY: A bluish-gray macule and blood clots were found on the central portion of the upper eyelid of a boy who had rubbed his eyelid vigorously 1 week prior. Several 0.5 mm sized brownish-gray nits and 1.6 mm sized lice on the eyelashes were visible and was diagnosed with phthiriasis palpebrarum after light microscopic examination. The nits and lice were gently removed mechanically with the help of a white petrolatum ointment (Vaseline) and the eyelashes were cleaned with 50% tea tree oil. Nits and lice were successfully eradicated without recurrence 10 days after daily treatment with petrolatum ointment and 10% tea tree oil eyelash cleansing.
Child ; Eyelashes ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Infant ; Light ; Pediculus ; Petrolatum ; Phthiraptera ; Recurrence ; Tea ; Tea Tree Oil

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) is still prevalent and remains a significant clinical problem for the elderly. However, the disease presents in many ways, and there are frequent adverse drug reactions that may prevent the early diagnosis and treatment of elderly TB patients compared to the young. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there are any differences in the clinical feature of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) in both the diagnosis and treatment between the young (less than 64 years) and the elderly (65 years and more). METHODS: The medical records of 125 young and 70 elderly pulmonary TB patients, who were diagnosed with and treated for pulmonary TB at the Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital from November 1991 to January 1997, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Anorexia(12% vs. 31.4%), general weakness (20.0% vs. 54.3%), dyspnea(21.6% vs. 37.1%) and an abnormal mentality (0.8% vs. 15.7%) were more frequent presenting symptoms in elderly TB patients, whereas hemoptysis (32.8% vs. 10.0%) and fever (BT>37℃ 58.4% vs. 35.7%) were more frequent in the young. The elderly had a higher number of cardiovascular and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases as underlying illnesses. In chest PA, there were no differences in the location of the TB lesion, but the appearances were initially diagnosed more frequently as pneumonia or lung cancer (8.8% vs. 30.0%, p<0.05) in the elderly. There was no difference in the detection rate of acid fast bacilli(AFB) in the sputum between the two groups. There were no differences in the treatment response and follow-up loss. However, adverse drug reactions (13.6% vs. 45.7%, p<0.05), and changes in medication (4.9% vs. 25.7%, p<0.05) during treatment occurred more frequently in the elderly. One among the 125 young patients died from tuberculosis whereas 6 among the 70 elderly patients died from the disease. CONCLUSION: Because the clinical and radiological presentations were more atypical, a sputum AFB smear and culture should be done immediately in the elderly who are TB. The elderly experienced more frequent adverse drug reactions and mortality during treatment, but the response to treatment was good and rapid.
Aged* ; Diagnosis ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Early Diagnosis ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Lung Neoplasms ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as the presence of amenorrhea for ≥ 4 months accompanied by evidence of two serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the menopausal range in women aged < 40 years. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been recognized as the most reliable marker of ovarian reserve status, and its serum level is very low or undetectable in women with POI.Here we report two cases of patients who were diagnosed with POI despite high serum AMH levels and preservation of ovarian follicles, as revealed by ultrasound. In addition, we have presented a review of the current literature regarding this condition.

A case of a 58 year old woman who was found to have primary amyloidosis is reported. She was presented with nephrotic syndrome and hemorrhgic gastritis. She was confirmed by showing apple green birefringence under the polarized microscope with Congo-red stain through renal and stomach biopsy. Immunoelectrophoresis of urine exhibited Bence-Jones protein(gamma type) and protein electrophoresis of urine exhibited monoclonal gammopathy. She was treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone, and proteinuria and gastrointestinal symptoms were improved. We discussed this case with a brief review of literature.
Amyloidosis* ; Biopsy ; Birefringence ; Cyclophosphamide ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Gastritis* ; Humans ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Middle Aged ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Paraproteinemias ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Stomach

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of hyaluronan-rich transfer medium on pregnancy and implantation rates in fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfers in Korean women with previous implantation failure. METHODS: This retrospective study included 283 blastocyst transfers in patients with previous embryo transfer failure at a private fertility clinic. In the study group (n=88), blastocyst transfers were performed using an hyaluronan-rich transfer medium prior to transfer, whereas blastocyst transfers without any treatment served as controls (n=195). According to the type of transfer (fresh elective or frozen-thawed), all the blastocyst transfers were divided into two study and two control groups. RESULTS: The patient's mean age, serum anti-Müllerian hormone level, causes of infertility, embryo quality, and the number of transferred embryos were comparable between the study and control groups. There were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate (45.5% vs. 43.1%), implantation rate (28.9% vs. 28.8%), and clinical abortion rate (10.0% vs. 8.3%) between the two groups, and these findings were not changed after subgroup analysis according to the type of transfer. CONCLUSION: The use of hyaluronan-rich transfer medium in the blastocyst transfer does not appear to have any significant effect on the implantation and pregnancy rates in patients with previous implantation failure.
Abortion, Induced ; Blastocyst* ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Infertility ; Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy* ; Retrospective Studies

Primary extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma(SCC) is appearing with increased frequency in the literature. These tumors have been described in the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, larynx, hypopharynx, salivary gland, nasal cavity & paranasal sinus, thymus, small & large bowel, uterine cervix, endometrium, breast, prostate, urinary bladder and skin. Small cell carcinoma of the stomach is extremely rare and a total 9 cases have been reported in the English literature. Like SCC in the lung, SCC in the alimentary tract has a aggresive behavior and prognosis of the patient is poor. We are reported a case of advanced gastric cancer diagnosed as small cell type by endoscopic biopsy. Grossly, the lesion of small cell carcinoma of the stomach, located in the upper body and gastric angle, is ulcerated with irregular margin and dirty surface covered with blodd clots and exudates.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Cervix Uteri ; Endometrium ; Endoscopy ; Esophagus ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Larynx ; Lung ; Nasal Cavity ; Pancreas ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Salivary Glands ; Skin ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach* ; Thymus Gland ; Ulcer ; Urinary Bladder