1.A Case of Bilateral Renal Agenesis Diagnosed by Prenatal Ultrasonography.
Jung Eun MOK ; Chun HWANGBO ; Hye Sung WON ; Hye Kyung YOO ; Pyl Ryang LEE ; In Sik LEE ; Ahm KIM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1999;42(1):167-170
Fetal bilateral renal agenesis is a lethal congenital anomaly. An early and reliable prenatal diagnosis is extremely important as it may offer options for pregnancy termination as early as possible. The criteria for the ultrasonographic diagnosis of bilateral renal agenesis are severe oligohydramnios, nonvisualization of the bladder, and the empty renal fossae. However, severe oligohydramnios makes it difficult to diagnose the disease because of poor sonographic resolution. We present a case of fetal bilateral renal agenesis diagnosed by ultrasonography after amnioinfusion at 19 weeks gestation.
Diagnosis
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Female
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Oligohydramnios
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Pregnancy
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Prenatal Diagnosis
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Ultrasonography
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Ultrasonography, Prenatal*
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Urinary Bladder
2.Clinical Features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In The Elderly.
Jae Ho LEE ; Bin HWANGBO ; Chul Gyu YOO ; Chun Taek LEE ; Sung Koo HAN ; Young Soo SHIM ; Hee Soon CHUNG
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2001;51(4):334-345
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) is still prevalent and remains a significant clinical problem for the elderly. However, the disease presents in many ways, and there are frequent adverse drug reactions that may prevent the early diagnosis and treatment of elderly TB patients compared to the young. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there are any differences in the clinical feature of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) in both the diagnosis and treatment between the young (less than 64 years) and the elderly (65 years and more). METHODS: The medical records of 125 young and 70 elderly pulmonary TB patients, who were diagnosed with and treated for pulmonary TB at the Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital from November 1991 to January 1997, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Anorexia(12% vs. 31.4%), general weakness (20.0% vs. 54.3%), dyspnea(21.6% vs. 37.1%) and an abnormal mentality (0.8% vs. 15.7%) were more frequent presenting symptoms in elderly TB patients, whereas hemoptysis (32.8% vs. 10.0%) and fever (BT>37℃ 58.4% vs. 35.7%) were more frequent in the young. The elderly had a higher number of cardiovascular and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases as underlying illnesses. In chest PA, there were no differences in the location of the TB lesion, but the appearances were initially diagnosed more frequently as pneumonia or lung cancer (8.8% vs. 30.0%, p<0.05) in the elderly. There was no difference in the detection rate of acid fast bacilli(AFB) in the sputum between the two groups. There were no differences in the treatment response and follow-up loss. However, adverse drug reactions (13.6% vs. 45.7%, p<0.05), and changes in medication (4.9% vs. 25.7%, p<0.05) during treatment occurred more frequently in the elderly. One among the 125 young patients died from tuberculosis whereas 6 among the 70 elderly patients died from the disease. CONCLUSION: Because the clinical and radiological presentations were more atypical, a sputum AFB smear and culture should be done immediately in the elderly who are TB. The elderly experienced more frequent adverse drug reactions and mortality during treatment, but the response to treatment was good and rapid.
Aged*
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Diagnosis
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Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
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Early Diagnosis
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Fever
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Follow-Up Studies
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Hemoptysis
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Humans
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Lung Diseases, Obstructive
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Lung Neoplasms
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Medical Records
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Mortality
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Pneumonia
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Retrospective Studies
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Seoul
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Sputum
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Thorax
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Tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*
3.Association between Intracellular Infectious Agents and Schizophrenia.
Mi Hee PARK ; Young Joon KWON ; Hee Yeun JEONG ; Hwa Young LEE ; Young HWANGBO ; Hee Jung YOON ; Se Hoon SHIM
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2012;10(2):117-123
OBJECTIVE: A number of studies have reported association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Chlamydia infection and the risk of schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of T. gondii and Chlamydia infection between the schizophrenia and normal control subjects and to compare the clinical features between seropositive and seronegative schizophrenia patients. METHODS: The rate of serum reactivity to T. gondii, Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), Chlamydia pneumonia in 96 schizophrenia and 50 control subjects was investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fluorescent antibody technique. The clinical symptoms of the schizophrenia patients were scored with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and a comparative analysis was carried out. RESULTS: A significant positive association between immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to T. gondii and C. trachomatis in schizophrenia was found, and the odds ratio of schizophrenia associated with IgG antibody was found to be 3.22 and 2.86, respectively. The Toxoplasma-seropositive schizophrenia patient had higher score on the negative subscale N1 and N7 and general psychopathology subscale G13, while C. trachomatis-seropositive schizophrenia patient had higher score on the general psychopathology subscale G10. CONCLUSION: The results from the present study suggest significant association between T. gondii, C. trachomatis infection and schizophrenia. In future, further studies are needed to elucidate the correlation between the two types of infection and schizophrenia.
Antibodies
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Chlamydia
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Chlamydia Infections
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
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Humans
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Immunoglobulin G
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Odds Ratio
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Pneumonia
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Prevalence
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Psychopathology
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Schizophrenia
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Toxoplasma
4.Clinical Analysis of Traumatic Pancreatic Injury.
Seon Mi HWANGBO ; Young Bong KWON ; Kyung Jin YUN ; Hyung Jun KWON ; Jae min CHUN ; Sang Geol KIM ; Jin Young PARK ; Yun Jin HWANG ; Young Gook YUN
Journal of the Korean Society of Traumatology 2011;24(2):68-74
PURPOSE: Althoughpancreas injury is rare in abdominal trauma,it posesa challengeto the surgeon because its clinicalfeaturesare not prominentand the presence of main duct injurycannot be easily identified by imaging studies. Furthermore, severe pancreas injuries require a distal pancreatectomy or a pancreaticoduodnectomy which are associated considerable morbidity and mortality. We reviewed the clinical features of and outcomes for patients with pancreas injury. METHODS: For 10 years from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2010, thirty-four patients were diagnosedas having pancreas injury by using an explo-laparotomy. Patients successfully treated bynon-operative management were excluded. Patients were divided into early (n=18) and delayed surgery groups (n=11) based on an interval of 24hours between injury and surgery. The clinical features of and the outcomes for the patients in both groups were compared. RESULTS: Males were more commonly injured (82.4% vs.17.6%). The mean age was 37.2 years. The injury mechanisms included vehicle accidents (62.9%, 22/34), assaults (20%, 7/34), and falls (11.4%, 3/34)). The head and neck of the pancreas was most commonly injured, followed by the body and the tail (16, 12, and 6 cases). Of the 34 patients, 26 (76.5%) patients had accompanying injuries. Grade 1 and 2 occurred in 14 (5 and 9) patients, and grade 3, 4, and 5 occurred in 20 (16, 3, and 1) patients. The early and delayed surgery groups showed no difference in surgical outcomes. Two patients with grade 3 in the early surgery group died after surgery,one due tomassive hemorrhage and the other due to septic shock. Of the five patients initially managed non-operatively,three developed peripancreatic necrosis and two developed pseudocyst. All five patients were successfully cured by surgery. CONCLUSION: All cases of pancreas injury in this study involved blunt injury, and accompanying injury to major vessels or the bowel was the major cause of mortality. Surgery delayed for longer than 24 hours after was not associated with adverseoutcomes.
Head
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Hemorrhage
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Humans
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Male
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Neck
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Necrosis
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Pancreas
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Pancreatectomy
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Shock, Septic
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Wounds, Nonpenetrating
5.Evaluation of Field Epidemiology Specialist Training Program Based on the Satisfaction and the Changes of Educational Needs.
No Rai PARK ; Ihn Sook JEONG ; Jong Gu LEE ; Young Taek KIM ; Jin Ho CHUN ; Ki Soon KIM ; Sang Soo BAE ; Jong Myon BAE ; Gyung Jae OH ; Hee Chul OHRR ; Kun Sei LEE ; Byung Kook LEE ; Hun Jae LEE ; Hyun Sul LIM ; Young HWANGBO
Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine 2004;37(1):80-87
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the learning achievement and satisfaction levels for the Field Epidemiology Specialist Training Program (FESTP), on infectious disease control between March 19 and October 31, 2002. METHODS: The FESTP was designed as a set of 84 hours curricula including lectures, discussions, self-studies, and field practicals, and organized both centrally and locally by the Division of Communicable Disease Control of the National Institute of Health and 11 universities. Before and after the program, a questionnaire survey on the educational need (49 items) and satisfaction (15 items) was conducted on 484 trainees, who were responsible for communicable disease control and immunization at 242 regional health centers. The data were analyzed with paired t-tests for comparison of the educational needs between the pre and post scores. RESULTS: The average score for satisfaction was 3.06 out of 5.0; with relatively higher scores for sincerity (4.10) and professionalism (4.01) of the tutors, adequacy (3.54) and clearness (3.51) of the evaluation criteria, usefulness (3.54) and fitness (3.52) of the contents, but with relatively lower satisfaction for schedule (2.96) and self-studies (2.91). The average for requirement for education improved, as shown by the decrease from 2.72 to 2.22 (p< .0001) with the biggest decrease in the outbreak investigation from 2.60 to 2.08. CONCLUSION: The FESTP was evaluated as being effective, the trainees showed moderate satisfaction and decrease educational needs. However, the actual schedules and self-studies should be rearranged to improve the satisfaction level.
Appointments and Schedules
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Communicable Disease Control
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Communicable Diseases
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Curriculum
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Education*
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Epidemiology*
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Immunization
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Learning
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Lectures
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Professionalism
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Specialization*