The purpose of present study was to observe the radiographic finding and histologic response by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy(CLSM) on interface of the bone and titanium implant coated by chitosan. The tissue of rabbit tibiae to the surgical placement titanium implant coated by chitosan was examined at 3, 9 and 24 days postoperatively. The radiographic finding showed that surrounding bone density of implants was not significantly different compare with the bone on 3 and 9 days group. A large amount new bone was formed on 24 days group, the reason was osteconduction activity by chitosan. The CLSM analysis show that the surface coating by chitosan filled the gap between bone and implant on 3 days group and filled by mew born on 9 days group. On 24 days group, the bone and titanium surface was filled by lamella bone. This results indicated that this enhanced the initial stability of implant significantly and chitosan induced osseointegration around implant. CLSM allows the non-destrutive histo-tomography of bone biopsy as well as clinical practice. We conclude that CLSM allowed a good comprehension of the nature of bone-implant contact, avoiding artifacts due to the thickness of the specimen.
Artifacts ; Biopsy ; Bone Density ; Chitosan* ; Comprehension ; Microscopy, Confocal* ; Osseointegration ; Tibia ; Titanium*

It is reported that patients with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) have disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism: in particular, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are characteristic early metabolic aberrations of this disease. However, it is not clear whether changes of insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity are observed in all patients with PHPT, including those with normal glucose tolerance. Also, it is not clear whether these changes are reversible after surgical correction of PHPT. In the present study, glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were evaluated in 2 symptomatic patients with PHPT during 100g oral glucose tolerance test before and after parathyroid adenoma removal. Comparing these patients before and after surgery, glucose tolerance was not significantly different. However, C-peptide and insulin secretion was low after surgical correction of PHPT compared to the preoperative situation. This observation suggests that insulin hypersecretion in patients with PHPT precedes glucose intolerance and this early disturbance is reversible after surgery.
C-Peptide ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Glucose ; Glucose Intolerance ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin ; Parathyroid Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Cell Proliferation* ; Interleukin-1* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus has been known as a multisystemic disorder for a long time. An association between diabetes and hearing loss was first postulated in the one case report published by Jordao in 1857. The typical hearing loss from diabetes is a progressive and bilateral sensorineural deficit that predominantly occurs in the high frequency and in the elderly patients. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological changes of cochlear hair cells in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus induced by Streptozotocin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty two rats were used for this study and divided into control and diabetic group. Furthermore each group was subdivided into 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks group. All experimental animal were put in the same environmental condition. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was induced by intravenous injection of Streptozotocin (65 mg/kg of body weight). Hair cell loss and their ultrastructural changes were observed with phase contrast light microscope and transmission electron microscope. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that metabolic change of diabetes mellitus may affect the cochlear hair cells.
Aged ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Hair* ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Rats* ; Streptozocin

Hyperemesis gravidarum is a complication defined as nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy. Wernickes encephalopathy is an illness of acute onset characterized by mental disturbance, paralysis of eye movements, and ataxia of gait cause by thiamine deficiency. We recently experienced a case of Wernickes encephalopalhy due to hyperemesis gravidarum, which is treated by administration of thiamine even though outcome of serious healthy problem to both mother and fetus, and reported it with a brief review of the literature.
Eye Movements ; Female ; Fetus ; Gait Ataxia ; Humans ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum* ; Mothers ; Nausea ; Paralysis ; Pregnancy ; Thiamine ; Thiamine Deficiency ; Vomiting ; Wernicke Encephalopathy*

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the particle mass size distribution and chemical properties of air pollution particulate matter (PM) in the urban area and its capacity to induce cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. METHODS: To characterize the mass size distributions and chemical concentrations associated with urban PM, PM samples were collected by a 10-stage Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor close to nearby traffic in an urban area from December 2007 to December 2009. PM samples for in vitro cytotoxicity testing were collected by a mini-volume air sampler with PM10 and PM2.5 inlets. RESULTS: The PM size distributions were bi-modal, peaking at 0.18 to 0.32 and 1.8 to 3.2 microm. The mass concentrations of the metals in fine particles (0.1 to 1.8 microm) accounted for 45.6 to 80.4% of the mass concentrations of metals in PM10. The mass proportions of fine particles of the pollutants related to traffic emission, lead (80.4%), cadmium (69.0%), and chromium (63.8%) were higher than those of other metals. Iron was the dominant transition metal in the particles, accounting for 64.3% of the PM10 mass in all the samples. We observed PM concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects on BEAS-2B cells. CONCLUSIONS: We found that exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 from a nearby traffic area induced significant increases in protein expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8). The cell death rate and release of cytokines in response to the PM2.5 treatment were higher than those with PM10. The combined results support the hypothesis that ultrafine particles from vehicular sources can induce inflammatory responses related to environmental respiratory injury.
Air Pollution ; Bays ; Cadmium ; Cell Death ; Chromium ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea* ; Metals ; Particulate Matter ; Seoul*

Excessive exposure to several metallic elements is known to produce a variety of nephrotoxic syndromes such as glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, interstitial nephritis, structural and functional abnormalities of proximal tubule resembling the Fanconi's syndrome and acute tubular necrosis. Although the pulmonary toxicities of silicon are relatively well documented as a cause of silicoproteinosis and lung fibrosis after acute and chronic exposure to free silica(SiO2), but is little known about the nephrotoxicity of this trace element. Clinical manifestations of silicon nephropathy are similar to other heavy metal nephropathy as proteinuria, hematuria, active urinary sediments and renal failure. Diagnosis of silicon nephropathy is based on distinct exposure history to silica, variable degree of renal dysfunction and characteristic histologic findings such as cytoplasmic vacuoles and dense membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic bodies which is resembling lysosomes in proximal tubular cells. A 26-year-old man with ingestion of silicon compound(SiO2-NaOCO3) developed acute renal failure due to acute tubular necrosis. And he was recovered with conservative management to acute renal failure. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adult ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Eating* ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Lung ; Lysosomes ; Necrosis ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Proteinuria ; Renal Insufficiency ; Silicon Dioxide ; Silicon* ; Vacuoles

About 50 cases of Listeria monocytogenes endocarditis were reported in worldwide literature in 1950-1995. Though clinical and laboratory data suggest a similarity with other types of bacterial endocarditis, the prognosis is more unfavorable and the mortality rate is higher. However, there has not been a report in Korean literature. We report a case of 55 year-old male with rapidly progressive native aortic endocarditis caused by L. monocytogenes. He had neither history of underlying cardiac disease nor definitive predisposing factor. He presented mild dyspnes, chest pain and febrile sensation for a week. Echocardiography showed large vegetation in aortic valve and severe aortic regurgitation. L. monocytogenes grew on blood culture. We underwent artificial aortic valve replacement due to rapidly progessive heart failure. A thromboembolism occured at right femoral artery on postoperative 2nd day was removed successfully. He discharged without any sequellae.
Adult* ; Aortic Valve ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Causality ; Chest Pain ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Femoral Artery ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes* ; Listeria* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Sensation ; Thromboembolism

Despite recent successful efforts to shorten the door-to-balloon time in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), prehospital delay remains unaffected. Nonetheless, the factors associated with prehospital delay have not been clearly identified in Korea. We retrospectively evaluated 423 patients with STEMI. The mean symptom onset-to-door time was 255 +/- 285 (median: 150) min. The patients were analyzed in two groups according to symptom onset-to-door time (short delay group: < or = 180 min vs long delay group: > 180 min). Inhospital mortality was significantly higher in long delay group (6.9% vs 2.8%; P = 0.048). Among sociodemographic and clinical variables, diabetes, low educational level, triage via other hospital, use of private transport and night time onset were more prevalent in long delay group (21% vs 30%; P = 0.038, 47% vs 59%; P = 0.013, 72% vs 82%; P = 0.027, 25% vs 41%; P < 0.001 and 33% vs 48%; P = 0.002, respectively). In multivariate analysis, low educational level (1.66 [1.08-2.56]; P = 0.021), symptom onset during night time (1.97 [1.27-3.04]; P = 0.002), triage via other hospital (1.83 [1.58-5.10]; P = 0.001) and private transport were significantly associated with prehospital delay (3.02 [1.81-5.06]; P < 0.001). In conclusion, prehospital delay is more frequent in patients with low educational level, symptom onset during night time, triage via other hospitals, and private transport, and is associated with higher inhospital mortality.
Acute Disease ; Aged ; Demography ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/*mortality/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors ; Triage

PURPOSE: E-cadherin (ECD) plays a pivotal role in integrating the normal tissue architecture and the suppression of cancer invasion, including stomach cancer. The epidemiology of stomach cancers is noticeably different according to the site of the index tumor, even though the stomach cancers all have similar gross shapes. In this study, the relation between the expression of ECD, along with the clinicopathologic parameters and recurrence or survival, were investigated for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma according to the tumor location. METHODS: We examined formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 50 surgically resectable gastric adenocarcinomas, which were grouped by the index tumor site as follows: distal (antrum) versus proximal (mid and upper body). To elucidate the correlation between the ECD expression and the site of the stomach cancer with the other clinicopathologic factors, we examined the ECD tissue status via performing immunohistochemistry. To compare the rates of recurrence and survival among subgroups, the patients were followed up for an average of 42 months. RESULTS: Among the 50 tumors examined, 28 (56%) tumors showed various degrees of a ECD expression. The gender, age, size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, stage, lymphatic invasion and vascular invasion were not related with the ECD expression. The Lauren classification was cor-related with the ECD expression in the mid and upper body stomach cancer, but not in the antral stomach cancer (P=0.042). The expression of ECD was not related with the survival rate (P=0.223). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the subgroups with and without an abnormal expression of ECD (P=0.588). CONCLUSION: For the mid and upper body stomach cancer, the expression of E-cadherin correlated with the diffuse type of cancer, according to the Lauren classification, but not with the survival rate.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cadherins* ; Classification* ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Survival Rate