Objective To investigate the developmental characters of neural stem cells(NSCs) in occipital of cortex from human fetal brain at different age.Methods Ninety cases of embryoes at gestational age 16-32 weeks and by induction of labor with water bag were collected for determining distribution,shapes,growth modes and the number of NSCs in the occipital of cortex with immunohisto- chemical method under light microscope.Results It was noted that NSCs existed in the occipital of cortex from human fetal brain at different ages.NSCs mainly distributed in layers of cone cells and inner granule cells.NSCs existed in the occipital of cortex of different fetal age included middling round cells,NSCs had enations from 0 to 1.Nucli were larger than plasm.Each NSC had nucleoli from 2-4 and rarefaction chromatin.Most of NSCs distributed in three growth modes including crowd,cluster and clone,occasionally with a single growth mode among other nerve cells.There were no differences including distribution,shapes,growth modes and the number of NSCs in the occipital of cortex between groups,but,NSCs gradually decreased with increasing of age.Conclusion NSCs exists in the occipital of cortex from different gestational age,and the number of NSCs decreases with increasing of age.

Objective To explore the change and clinical significance of plasma levels of thrombomodulin(TM) in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)(n=44) before and after treatmen with intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG).Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the plasma levels of TM in children with KD(n=44) before and after treatment with IVIG and in normal control group(n=15),respectively.Children with KD were enrolled from September 2004 to June 2006,one group(n=20) with coronary artery lesions(CALs) and another group(n=24) without CALs.The control were enrolled from heathy children in clinic service.Results The plasma level of TM in KD group before treatment with IVIG was significantly higher than that in control group(P

Background Inherited retinal degeneration,one of the major causes of blindness worldwide,comprises a large number of disorders characterized by a slow and progressive retinal degeneration.Interleukin-1 (IL-1)was recognized to be involved in inherited retinal degeneration.Whether IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) can arrest retinal degeneration is worthy of investigation.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of IL-1ra on photoreceptor apoptosis in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats.Methods The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.The SPF RCS rats aged 9,15,16,25,30,35,40,50 and 60 postnatal days were collected,with 9 rats for each age group.Retinal sections were used for the TdT-mediated biotin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) cell apoptosis assay.1 μl of IL-1ra (1.8 g/L) was intravitreally injected in the right eyes of 9 RCS rats aged 15 postnatal days and PBS was used in the same way in the fellow eyes.The injection procedure was repeated on the 20 th and 25 th day,respectively.The rats were sacrificed on the 30 th day and retinal sections were prepared for the TUNEL assay.The differences in the percentage of the positive cellular nuclei area among different ages of rats were compared by one-way ANOVA,and the differences in retinal layer thickness between IL-1ra injection group and PBS injection group were assessed by paired t test.Results Photoreceptor apoptosis appeared in 20-day-old RCS rats and progressed and peaked in 30 and 35-day-old rats and then reduced,showing a significant difference among rat of various age groups (F=28.020,P＜0.01).Images from TUNEL assay showed a weaker and less TUNEL staining in the IL-1ra injected eyes than the PBS injected eyes in 30-day-old rats.The total area and relative area of TUNEL positive nuclei were (223.052±153.092) μm2 and (2.206±1.531) ％ in the IL-1ra injected group,and those in PBS injected group were (1235.050±359.767) μm2 and (7.269± 1.624) ％,with a significant difference between them (t =4.370,t=3.250,P＜0.01).The cone and rod thickness was (15.324±9.035) μm in the IL-1ra injected group and (49.566±4.605)μm in the PBS injected group,showing a significant difference (t =22.674,P＜0.01).However,no significant difference was seen in the outer nuclear layer thickness between the two groups (t =0.268,P＞0.05).Conclusions IL-1 participates in the pathogenesis and development of inherited retinal degeneration of RCS rats.The use of IL-1ra might be a potential approach in the treatment of inherited retinal degeneration.

Objective To explore the factors of high level of serum estradiol(E2)in infant with hemangiomas and its relationship with tumors' proliferation.Methods The levels of serumal estradiol of 25 proliferative hemangiomas and 15 oblique inguinal hernias with same ages 1 day preoperation and 3 days postoperation were tested by chemiluminescence enzymatic immune method.The expressions of estrogen receptors(ER)in 25 tumors and 15 normal skin tissue were tested by immunohistochemical method.Results The levels of E2 of preoperation were ob-viously higher than that of postoperation in hemangiomas and control group(Pa0.05).The expression of ER in tumors was significantly higher than that in normal skin tissue(P

Objective To study the different expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligang(RANKL) mRNA in spleens of rats fed with diet of low calcium and high fluoride. Methods A 2× 2×2 factorial design was used and the factors were calcium, fluoride and action time. In the design, 40 Wistar rats [average body mass(118.9±13.5)g] were divided into four groups randomly by weight: control with normal diet (0.790%, calcium), low calcium group with low calcium intake(0.063%, calcium), high fluoride group with normal diet and high fluoride intake(100 mg/L, fluoride) and low calcium and high fluoride group with low calcium and high fluoride intake. After 4 and 8 months, 5 rats of each group were sacrificed and total RNA was extracted from spleen. And the expression levels of RANKL mRNA were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results At time of 4 months, the expression level of RANKL mRNA was 0.13± 0.05,0.13± 0.03,0.17±0.02,0.27± 0.05 and at time of 8 months, it was 0.11 ± 0.01,0.16 ± 0.02,0.16± 0.03,0.36 ± 0.07 in control group, low calcium group, high fluoride group, low calcium with high fluoride group, repectively. The factorial design AVONA showed that low calcium and high fluoride had significant effects on RANKL mRNA expression(F = 40.224,56.679, all P < 0.05) while action time had not(F = 2.850, P > 0.05 ). The interactions of low calcium with high fluoride or high fluoride with action time were signifieant(F = 7.247, 18.789, all P < 0.05) while the interaction of high fluoride with action time was not(F = 1.751, P > 0.05). Conclusions Low calcium alone or high fluoride alone or low calcium with high fluoride or low calcium with action time can increase the the RANKL mRNA expression level. High fluoride does not affect the RANKL mRNA level as the action time is prolonged.

To systematically review the incidence rate of adverse drug reaction/event by Qingkailing injection. Such databases as the PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane library, CNKI, VIP WanFang data and CBM were searched by computer from foundation to July 30, 2015. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and cross check data. Then, Meta-analysis was performed by using the R 3.2.0 software, subgroup sensitivity analysis was performed based on age, mode of medicine, observation time and research quality. Sixty-three studies involving 9,793 patients with Qingkailing injection were included, 367 cases of adverse reactions/events were reported in total. The incidence rate of adverse reaction in skin and mucosa group was 2% [95% CI (0.02; 0.03)]; the digestive system adverse reaction was 6% [95% CI(0.05; 0.07); the injection site adverse reaction was 4% [95% CI (0.02; 0.07)]. In the digestive system as the main types of adverse reactions/events, incidence of children and adults were 4.6% [0.021 1; 0.097 7] and 6.9% [0.053 5; 0.089 8], respectively. Adverse reactions to skin and mucous membrane damage as the main performance/event type, the observation time > 7 days and ≤ 7 days incidence of 3% [0.012 9; 0.068 3] and 1.9% [0.007 8; 0.046 1], respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that different types of adverse reactions, combination in the incidence of adverse reactions/events were higher than that of single drug, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). This study suggested the influence factors of adverse reactions occur, and clinical rational drug use, such as combination, age and other fators, and the influence factors vary in different populations. Therefore, clinical doctors for children and the elderly use special care was required for a clear and open spirit injection, the implementation of individualized medication.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To study the effect of exogenous prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1) on the superoxide dismutase(SOD) and nitric oxide(NO) levels in brain tissue of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Sixty 7-day old newborn Wistar rats to establish HIBD models,intraperitoneally and subcutaneous injected PGE 1 and TMP,then the rats were killed after hypo- xia and ischemia for 48 hours.Take cerebral cortex of arteria carotis ligation side and made them into homogenate to detect SOD and NO levels in brain tissue.Results SOD level in HIBD group was lower,and NO level was higher than those of normal group(P

Recombinant human BMP-2 was compounded with chitosan/gelatin/hydroxyapatite(HCG) scaffold and the complex was sterilized by 60Co radiating. Osteoblast isolated from cranial bones of newborn rat was primary cultured and seeded onto the complexes. 3 days after culturing, scanning electron microscope(SEM) was applied to detect the compatibility of the cell with the complex. SEM showed osteoblast attached closely with the complex and grew well in its pores. Then the complexes with osteoblast modification were implanted into athymic nude mice subcutaneously. 8 weeks after implantation, X-ray photograph and histological observation were applied to detect the bone formation of the complexes. Under X-ray a high-density areas consistent with the shape of the implanted complex could be seen. Histological observation also proved there was bone formation in the interspace of the complex. A conclusion was drawn that rhBMP-2 compounded HCG scaffold had good osteogenesis ability in vivo.

AIM:To study the effect of berberin hydrochloride(Ber)on the elevation of blood concentra- tion of Cyclosporin A(CsA)and liver and renal functions in renal transplanted recipients.METHODS:138 cases with renal transplantation in experimental group were treated with CsA and Ber and 150 cases with renal trans- plantation in control group received CsA only.Blood lev- els of CsA,biochemistry indexes for liver and renal func- tion were determined.RESULTS:After 1,3,6 months combined with Ber,blood concentrations of CsA in pa- tients went up by 49.8%,81.4%,36.9% and the radios of blood concentration of CsA to CsA dosage increased 88.8%,102.0%,72.5% compared with those before taking Ber(P

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction and provide a method to study the potential basis and the changing of the chemical component for it in different compati- bility.Methods An HPLC method was established with Shimadzu ODS column(150 mm?4.6 mm, 5?m),the mobile phase was methanol-water-0.1% phosphoric acid(0.01 mol/L potassium phosphate monobasic,pH 2.8)as gradient elution,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,and the detection wavelength was 260 nm.Through comparing and analyzing the relative retention time of this decoction and of its composi- tion which are positive and negative control fingerprints,the main chromatographic peak origins were con- firmed;The correlated chromatographic peaks were identified by contrasting chromatographic peak reten- tion time and adding reference substances to the sample.Results All tested samples contained the 32 common peaks,the relativity of them were analyzed and 11 peaks were indicated.The similarity of ten batches of samples exceeded 0.92.Conclusion This method shows sensitive and good repeatability,all of the contents are separated well.It is used to determine Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction and its relative prepara- tions.