No abstract available.
Hip Joint* ; Hip* ; Prostheses and Implants*

No abstract available.
Genomic Library* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter*

No abstract available.
Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Urease*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Background: Shift work is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, this association in the normal-weight population remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether shift work is associated with normal-weight obesity (NWO). Methods: From the nationally representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) dataset (2008 to 2011), 3,800 full-time workers aged ≥19 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≤25 kg/m2 were analysed. We defined NWO as BMI ≤25 kg/m2 and body fat percentage ≥25% in men and ≥37% in women. Working patterns were classified into “daytime,” “other than daytime,” and “shift.” Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between shift work and NWO. Results: Shift work was associated with higher odds of NWO than daytime work (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 2.09) and night/evening work (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.14) after adjustment for type of work, working hours, age, sex, BMI, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and other sociodemographic factors. In subgroup analyses, the association between shift work and NWO was more robust in those aged ≥60 years and those working ≥56 hours/week. Conclusion Shift work was associated with NWO in community-dwelling Korean adults, independent of age, sex, BMI, and other covariates.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Little information is available on whether the speed of eating differs between individuals with and without dyspepsia, mainly because controlled studies are usually not feasible. METHODS: A survey was applied to 89 individuals with relatively controlled eating patterns, using questionnaires that assessed eating time and functional dyspepsia (FD) based on the Rome III criteria. RESULTS: The prevalence of FD was 12% (11 of 89 participants), and 7% (6 of 89) were diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The proportion of individuals reporting that they ate their meals rapidly was higher for those with FD than for those without FD or GERD (control) (46% vs 17%, p=0.043), as was the reported eating speed (7.1+/-1.5 vs 5.8+/-2.0 [mean+/-SD], p=0.045; visual analog scale on which a higher score indicated faster eating). However, the measured eating time did not differ significantly between FD and controls (11.0+/-2.8 vs 12.8+/-3.3 minutes, p=0.098). The proportion of individuals who ate their meals within 13 minutes was significantly higher for those with FD than for controls (91% vs 51%, p=0.020). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that eating speed affects dyspepsia. Further studies are warranted.
Dyspepsia ; Eating ; Female ; Food Habits ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Humans ; Meals ; Prevalence ; Rome ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The efficiency of second harmonic generation at 532 nm is high when a pulsed Nd : YAG laseris used as a pump source of fundamental waves. The pulse durations of 532 nm-irradiation can be varied from 10 ns to 1000 ns by changing the pumping method. The purpose of this study was to compare the macroscopic and micropscopic changes in the muscle and skin after irradiation by 532 nm Flash lamp pumped solid state (FPSS) laser and Diode pumped solid state (DPSS) laser, whose pulse durations are 600 ns and 100 ns, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Two experiments were conducted on the muscle and skin of guinea pig. First, the guinea pig muscle and skin were irradiated by the 532 nm FPSS and DPSS lasers with various intensities and time duration. Macroscopic examinations were performed on the muscle lesions and immediate histopathologic examinations on the skin were carried out. RESULTS: The volume of vaporization and necrosis of the guinea pig muscle by the FPSS laser was larger than that by the DPSS laser. The vaporization and necrosis reaction of skin by the FPSS was significantly stronger than that by the DPSS laser. CONCLUSION: It appears that the DPSS laser system would be superior over the FPSS laser system in providing more accurate and precise surgery with less intense injury on the surrounding tissue.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Necrosis ; Skin* ; Volatilization

PURPOSE: In order to characterize the effects of growth factors (EGF, bFGF, KGF) on the regulation of the PSA secretion and the PSA mRNA expression of androgen- dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cell line in serum-free conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: LNCaP cells at a concentration of 1x104cells/well, suspended in T-medium containing 2% TCM, were seeded in 24 well plates and were exposed to four different concentrations of these growth factors to evaluate the molecular basis of PSA secretion. Cell numbers were evaluated by crystal violet assay on day 5. PSA concentrations in conditioned medium were determined on day 5, and PSA/cell number was also calculated to measure net PSA secretion per cell. PSA mRNA expression of LNCaP was assessed by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis on day 5. RESULTS: bFGF and KGF had significant stimulatory effects (p<0.05) on the proliferation of LNCaP. However, EGF had minimal, not significant, growth stimulatory effects. EGF, bFGF and KGF did not increase the PSA secretion of LNCaP and no apparent increase or decrease in the steady-state levels of the PSA mRNA expression of LNCaP could not be detected in spite of addition of EGF, bFGF and KGF. CONCLUSIONS: bFGF and KGF, not EGF, directly stimulate the proliferation of LNCaP cells. However, bFGF and KGF as well as EGF do not affect the PSA secretion and the PSA mRNA expression of androgen-dependent LNCaP in the absence of androgenic milieu. The regulation of the PSA secretion and the PSA mRNA expression of LNCaP is not directly associated with EGF, bFGF and KGF.
Blotting, Northern ; Cell Count ; Cell Line* ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2* ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7* ; Gentian Violet ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Keratinocytes* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; RNA, Messenger*

PURPOSE: Increased expression of the nerve growth factor (NGF) in the urinary bladder may contribute to irritative bladder symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. It has been reported that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) can initiate NGF synthesis. This study investigated the changes in the urinary NGF and TGF-beta1 in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study groups included 25 male patients with lower urinary tract symptom and 10 normal male patients used as the reference controls. The evaluation included history taking, urinalysis, international prostatic symptom score (IPSS), and urodynamics. Voided urine was collected in all patients. The urinary NGF and TGF-beta1 concentration was analyzed by using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and these results were compared with the control group. RESULTS: From the analysis of the IPSS, the obstructive and irritative symptom scores were higher. The urodynamic study showed that more than half of the patients had detrusor instability and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The NGF and TGF-beta1 urinary concentration were significantly higher in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms compared to the control. Furthermore, the NGF and TGF-beta1 urinary concentration were significantly higher in patients with BOO compared with patients with non-BOO. CONCLUSIONS: NGF and TGF-beta1 may play a role in the lower urinary tract symptoms and these changes can be detected in urine samples. Therefore, these growth factors may be used as markers to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male* ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Transforming Growth Factors* ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Tract* ; Urodynamics