Proper education about dermatology in medical college would have physicians appropriately diagnose and treat common dermatoses without referring patients to dermatologists. However, physicians who are not dermatologists have difficulty in diagnosing and treating common dermatoses. We have made up a questionnaire about treatment and a slide test for clinical diagnosis of common dermatoses in order to evaluate the knowledge of physicians about common dermatoses, which reflects indirectly the current status of medical education of dermatology in Korea and can be used as a basic data for modifying directions for education in medical college. Total 654 physicians answered the questionnaire, including 125 just graduated general physicians, 111 general physicians who had just finished internship and 418 medical specialists. 11 data from dermatologists were analyzed as a control for evaluation. The result showed that 84%(545) of them have difficulty in diagnosing dermatologic diseases. The probable causes answered by them are lack of easy illustrative textbook for general physician(48%), inadequate education of dermatology in their medical colleges(27%) and so on. In the field of therapy in the questionnaire, only 53% of them had proper knowledge about indication of topical steroids, 56% about acne therapy, 22% about treatment of tinea pedis, 35% about scabies and 41% about urticaria. The average score was 53%. The score of family medicine group and urologist group was 69% and 66% each, which were significantly higher than that of other major groups except 98% of dermatologist group. In the slide test for clinical diagnosis, the average score was 71%. The score of family medicine group which had received postgraduate education on dermatology in their resident training was 84%, also significantly higher than that of other major groups except 100% of dermatologist group. The percentage of correct responders about tinea faciei is only 13%, tinea versicolor 42%, tinea cruris 49%, impetigo 53%, pityriasis rosea 60%, atopic dermatitis 67%, psoriasis 72% and fixed drug eruption 74%, etc. The average score was 71%. In conclusion, this study showed that physicians who are not dermatologists have difficulty in diagnosing and treating even common dermatoses. We think it is important to put stress on the common dermatoses in the field of dermatologic education in medical college. Moreover we could find the importance and need of postgraduate education on dermatology in the resident training of primary care physicians such as not only family medicine doctors but also internists and pediatricians.
Acne Vulgaris ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Drug Eruptions ; Education ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Impetigo ; Internship and Residency ; Korea ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Psoriasis ; Scabies ; Skin Diseases* ; Specialization ; Steroids ; Tinea ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea Versicolor ; Urticaria ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Supernunmerary nipple is a developmental anomaly occuring alon, the course of the embryological milk lines. This entity has receieved little attention in the dermatologic literature and has been confused with a pigmented nevus in some cases. We have experienced two ease of the more unusual form of supern umerary nipple. According to the Kajavas classification, our caes are classified as polithelia pilosa and complete breast with nipple
Breast ; Classification ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Milk ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Nipples

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate effects of patients' age, amenorrhea duration, motivation, purpose, regimen, side effects on compliance to hormone replacement therapy(HRT) Methods: Compliance to HRT was assessed in 258 postmenopausal women who began HRT in the Menopause Clinic of Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym university. One hundred sixty nine women who had intact uterus received continuous combined therapy with 0.625 mg of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and 100 mg of micronized progesterone. Eighty nine women who were hysterectomized received only 0.625 mg of CEE. RESULTS: A total of 103 women (39.9%) reported that they continued HRT at least for one year. Continuation of HRT was significantly more common among women who started HRT becuase of recommendation by gynecologist after hysterectomy in our department (p< 0.05). A greater percentage of women who received only CEE without uterus continued HRT than women who received continuous combined therapy (p< 0.05). Duration of amenorrhea, reasons for taking HRT and side effects such as irregular bleeding or breast tenderness were not related to the continuation of HRT. CONCLUSION: Education of menopausal women about the benefit/risk and side effects of HRT may be critical in improving compliance.
Amenorrhea ; Breast ; Compliance* ; Education ; Estrogens ; Female ; Heart ; Hemorrhage ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Menopause ; Motivation ; Progesterone ; Uterus

Mllerian adenosarcoma of uterus usually present as pedunculated endometrial masses in postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding. Extraendometrial variants are much less common. A 50-year-old woman, after total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to adenomyosis and benign ovarian mass, presented with protruding mass through vagina. The mass, originated from vaginal stump, was diagnosed as Mllerian adenosarcoma. We report a case of extrauterine Mllerian adenosarcoma with a review of literatures.
Adenomyosis ; Adenosarcoma* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries*

Heterotopic pregnancy occurs when there are coexisiting intrauterine and ectopic pregnances. It occure, more often, due to assisted reproductive technology such as IVF-ET, GIFT and increased pelvic inflammatory diseases. We present a case of heterotopic pregnancy confirmed by surgical removal of ruptured left ovarian pregnancy and sonographic finding of the intrauterine pregnancy following natural conception.
Female ; Fertilization ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Ultrasonography

Meigs' syndrome is characterized by the pleural effusion and ascites in patients with solid benign ovarian tumors and the resolution of the effusions after resection of the tumor. The tumor secretes a large amount fluid, possibly aggravated by lymphatics and venous obstruction of its pedicle by the relatively large tumor. Meigs' syndrome can resemble a metastatic pelvic carcinoma on its presentation, but the progression is more favorable when the syndrome is associated with a benign ovarian tumor. A case of ovarian fibroma associated with ascites and pleural effusion is presented with the brief review of literatures.
Ascites ; Female ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Meigs Syndrome* ; Pleural Effusion

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the diagnostic value of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and/or human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and a panel of novel multiple biomarkers in patients with ovarian tumors to identify more accurate and effective markers for screening ovarian cancer. Methods: Candidate ovarian cancer biomarkers were selected based on a literature search. Dozens of candidate biomarkers were examined using 143 serum samples from patients with ovarian cancer and 157 healthy serum samples as noncancer controls. To select the optimal marker panel for an ovarian cancer classification model, a set of biomarker panels was created with the number of possible combinations of eight biomarkers. Using the set of biomarkers as an input variable, the optimal biomarker panel was selected by examining the performance of the biomarker panel set using the Random Forest algorithm as a non-linear classification method and a 10-fold cross-validation technique. Results: The final selected optimal combination of five biomarkers (CA125, HE4, cancer antigen 15-3, apolipoprotein [Apo] A1, and ApoA2) exhibited a sensitivity of 93.71% and specificity of 93.63% for ovarian cancer detection during validation. Conclusion Combining multiple biomarkers is a valid strategy for ovarian cancer diagnosis and can be used as a minimally invasive screening method for early ovarian cancer. A panel of five optimal biomarkers, including CA125 and HE4, was verified in this study. These can potentially be used as clinical biomarkers for early detection of ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: For patients suspicious of cervical spine injury, a Philadelphia cervical collar is usually applied. Application of Philadelphia cervical collar may cause difficult airway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the laryngeal view and the success rate at first intubation attempt of the Airtraq and conventional laryngoscopy in patients with simulated cervical spine injury after application of a Philadelphia cervical collar. METHODS: Anesthesia was induced with propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium. After a Philadelphia cervical collar applied, patients were randomly assigned to tracheal intubation with an Airtraq (Group A, n = 25) or with conventional laryngoscopy (Group L, n = 25). Measurements included intubation time, success rate of first intubation attempt, number of intubation attempts, and percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score. Mean blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded at baseline, just before and after intubation. RESULTS: The success rate of the first attempt in Group A (96%) was significantly greater than with the Group L (40%). POGO score was significantly greater in Group A (84 +/- 20%) than in Group L (6 +/- 11%). The duration of successful intubation at first tracheal intubation attempt and hemodynamic changes were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Airtraq offers a better laryngeal view and higher success rate at first intubation attempt in patients who are applied with a Philadelphia cervical collar due to suspicion of cervical spine injury.
Androstanols ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Intubation ; Laryngoscopes ; Laryngoscopy ; Mouth ; Philadelphia ; Piperidines ; Propofol ; Spine

For the physical characterization of neutron beam, dosimetric measurements had been performed to obtain physical data of KCCH cyclotron-produced neutrons for clinical use. The results are presented and compared with the data of other institutions from the literatures. The central aixs percent depth dose, build-up curves and open and wedge isodose curve values are intermediate between that of a 4 and 6 MV X-ray. The build-up level of maximum dose was at 1.35 cm and entrance dose was approximately 40%. Flatness of the beam was 9% at Dmax and less than+/-3% at the depth of 80% isodose line. Penumbra begond the 20% line is wider than corresponding photon beam. The output factors ranged 0.894 for 6 x 6 cm field to 1.187 for 30 x 30 cm field. gamma contamination of neutron beam was 4.9% at 2 cm depth in 10 x10 cm field.
Cyclotrons ; Neutrons*