No abstract available.
Arm* ; Blood Component Transfusion* ; Hospitals, General*

No abstract available.
Ciprofloxacin* ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*

The nose is located centrally in the face and occupy an important place in the harmonic architecture of the face. Also, it plays important functions such as respiraton, olfaction and phonation. Therefore, reconstructive rhinoplasty is dealt with both cosmetic and functional aspect in mind. We have recently experienced three cases of reconstructive rhinoplasty for seborrheic keratosis of the nose, traumatic nasal defect, and basal cell carcinoma of the nose. Local flap and split calvarial bone graft were used for the reconstruction of the nose.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Nose ; Phonation ; Rhinoplasty* ; Smell ; Transplants*

PURPOSE : To investigate the incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal using computed tomographic images of head and neck in Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Regardless of each examination purpose, randomly selected 268 examples which have serial axial computed tomographic images with 8 normal molars in maxilla and mandible were selected and investigated. Defined C-shaped root canal and we could get 82 proper image examples in view of this definition. These were detected and investigated of incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal. RESULTS : C-shaped root canals were found in 82 examples among 268 (30.6%) and 147 teeth. They were only found on molar area, and the highest incidence was 37.41% of left mandibular second molars, and the lowest was 2.04% of right maxillary second molars. On prevalence of tooth position, mandibular second molar was the highest, 65% of C-shaped root canal teeth and maxillary second molar was 6% the lowest. CONCLUSION : 31% of randomly selected CT images no considering check-up reason have C-shaped root canals. The C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molar are found most frequently and they are also detectable on maxilla. On Korean population, C-shaped root canals are one of conditions that have to concern with dental treatment for it appears at a high prevalence relatively.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Head ; Incidence ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Tooth

Collagenous colitis is an uncommon condition charaeterized clinically by diarrhea and weight loss and histologically by thickening of the subepithelial collagen band with chromic inflammation. Laboratory tests of blood, urine and stool, and colonscopic findings are usually normal. The etiology of collagenous colitis is unknown. We report a case of collagenous colitis improved after treatment with sulfasalazine with review of literatures.
Colitis, Collagenous* ; Collagen* ; Diarrhea ; Inflammation ; Sulfasalazine ; Weight Loss

Thirty cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were examined immunohistochemically for expression of transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) in order to analyze significant correlation with clinical stage and pathologic grade of gastric adenocarcinoma. Specific immunostaining was clearly detected in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. The TGF-,6 expression in the gastric adenocarcinoma is closely related to the depth of invasion, the degree of invasiveness and the presence of metastasis. Thus, we observed the stronger immunohistochemical. expression of TGF-beta in the deeper portion of invasion and in the invasive gastric adenocarcinomas with the lymph nodal metastasis than in the superficial portion of invasion and in those without the lymph nodal metastasis. There results suggest that the transforming growth factors expression in carcinoma cells may play an important role in the carcinomatous invasion resulting in metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

To increase the survival area of the venous flap, we studied the arterialized venous flap in a rabbit ear model. The ears of 12 New Zealand white rabbits(n=24) were randomized into three groups, group A receiving arterio-venous anastomosis 14 days before the arterialized venous flap elevation; group B receiving bipedicled flap elevation 14 days before arterialized venous flap elevation; group C receiving no pretreatment before the arterialized venous flap elevation. Tc -pertechnetate scan was performed on all groups immediately after the arterialized venous flap elevation to evaluate the blood flow of the flap. The survival area of the flap was measured 14 days after the arterialized venous flap elevation. Average ratio of survival area was 92% in Group A, 88% in group B, which were comparatively higher than the 12% in group C. The entire flap was visualized in groups A and B on scan images, however, only the proximal area of the anterior and posterior marginal vein was visualized in group C. Flap survival pattern was similar to that of the scan image and the slope of time-activity curve of groups A and B was much steeper than that of group C. High survival rate of group A, which received the arterio-venous anastomosis as a pretreatment, may be due to the decrease of resistance of outflow during the 14 days. Anticipated mechanisms involved are, valve insufficiency due to high pressure arterial inflow, development of vascular collaterals in the flap, and opening of arteriovenous(A-V) shunt. Bipedicled flap elevation as a pretreatment may not effect on valves, however, may impair the sympathetic nerve and cause ischmic stimuli which in turn may develop vascular collaterals and make an opening of the A-V shunt.
Ear ; New Zealand ; Survival Rate ; Veins

PURPOSE: Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a rare benign or low-grade pancreatic neoplasm with distinct clinicopathologic features. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation of SPT and to examine the etiology of this tumor by performing immunohistochemical staining. METHODS: From October 1994 to March 2005, 35 cases of SPT who underwent operations were retrospectively reviewed. The clinicopathologic findings and late results of treatment were studied in 7 cases of borderline malignant SPT and in 28 cases of the benign SPT. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, neuron specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, vimentin and cytokeratin. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 31.8 years. SPT's were more common in women (77.1%) and the tumors were usually located in the body and the tail of the pancreas (68.6%). There were statistically significant differences in the men (P=0.016), for the masses with calcification (P=0.029), and for the solid masses (P=0.018) between the malignant SPT (including the borderline malignant SPT) and the benign SPT (P=0.014). The SPTs stained positive for alpha1-antitrypsin, neuron specific enolase, and vimentin in all cases, and they were alpha1-antichymotrypsin positive in 94.1% (16/17), chromogranin positive in 18.8% (3/16), synaptophysin positive in 12.5% (2/16), and cytokeratin positive in 18.2% (2/11). All 35 patients underwent curative resection and they are all alive without any evidence of recurrence at a mean follow-up of 44.2 months. CONCLUSION: SPT is a rare tumor that behaves less aggressively than other pancreatic tumors, and surgical resection can result in cure. This tumor thought to originate from a stem cell capable of differentiating into endocrine cells or exocrine cells.
Endocrine Cells ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratins ; Male ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem Cells ; Synaptophysin ; Vimentin

PURPOSE: To describe the characteristic MRI findings of the Rathke cleft cyst. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a seven-year period, we retrospectively evaluated the MRI findings of 24 pathologically-proven Rathke cleft cysts. The patients included ten men and 14 women, And their mean age was 37. MRI findings were analyzed in terms of location, shape, size, signal intensity, homogeneity of cyst content, pattern of contrast enhancement, displacement of the pituitary stalk, and mass effect of the cyst on adjacent structures. RESULTS: The location of 14 cases (58%) was sellar or suprasellar; nine (37%) were intrasellar. The mean size of the cysts was 16 x 12mm, as seen on sagittal or coronal images. The characteristic shape of the cyst was a sagging water bag in 13 cases (54%) and upward tenting in eleven (46%). The signal intensity of the cyst varied ; on T1-and T2WI, eleven cases (46%) showed high signal intensity relative to brain parenchyma ; five (21%) showed iso signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI. While 18 (75%) showed inhomogeneous signal intensity on T1- and T2WI;13 (54%) showed a smudge pattern within the cysts, and six (25%) showed homogeneous signal intensity on T1 and T2WI. On Gd-DTPA enhanced images, thin-rim enhancement surrounding the cyst was seen in 20 cases (83%). While no enhancement was seen within the cyst. Seventeen cases (71%) showed anterior displacement of the pituitary stalk; two showed posterior displacement and five were indeterminate. Mass effect included compression of the optic chiasm (11cases) and bony erosion or tilting of the sellar floor (8 cases). CONCLUSION: MRI findings of midline intrasellar cyst with a sagging water bag appearance, high signal intensity on T1- and T2WI, inhomogeneity of cyst content, and peripheral rim enhancement surrounding the cyst are common, and are characteristic of the Rathke cleft cyst.
Brain ; Central Nervous System Cysts ; Female ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Optic Chiasm ; Pituitary Gland ; Retrospective Studies

Anterior basal meningiomas, which belong the olfactory groove and suprasellar meningioma account for 12 to 22% of all intracranial meningioma. Anterior cranial base meningioma are difficult to operate on because of their proximity to the important neurovascular structure. The authors report 25 cases of large meningiomas of the anterior. cranial base operated on during recent 5-year period. The tumor ranged from 3cm to 6.5cm in diameter. Fifteen tumors were located in the suprasellae(included tuberculum sellae, planum sphenoidale, diaphragma sellae,and anterior clinoid process), ten on olfactory groove. The mean age of 19 female and 6 male patient was 55years. The main clinical symptom were visual disturbance, anosmia, headache, and psychotic syndrome. Tumors were approached in 11 cases by pterional, in 9 cases by bifrontal, in 3 cases by transbasal, in 2 case by orbitozygomatic infratemporal and in 1 case by combined approach with tranabasal and orbitozygomatic infratemporal. Total tumor removal was performed in 80% of cases. Postoperative complication include accentuated psychotic syndrome in two cases, worsening of visual function in two, major vessel injury in one, infection in one, CSF rhinorrhea in one, and oculomotor palse in one. Postoperative death was in four(16%). Results at follow up of the 21 survivours were good in 17(68%), fair in 4(16%). Selection criteria for operative approach is discussed with review of pertinent literature.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Meningioma* ; Olfaction Disorders ; Patient Selection ; Postoperative Complications ; Skull Base ; Temazepam