No abstract available.
Arm* ; Blood Component Transfusion* ; Hospitals, General*

No abstract available.
Ciprofloxacin* ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*

The nose is located centrally in the face and occupy an important place in the harmonic architecture of the face. Also, it plays important functions such as respiraton, olfaction and phonation. Therefore, reconstructive rhinoplasty is dealt with both cosmetic and functional aspect in mind. We have recently experienced three cases of reconstructive rhinoplasty for seborrheic keratosis of the nose, traumatic nasal defect, and basal cell carcinoma of the nose. Local flap and split calvarial bone graft were used for the reconstruction of the nose.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Nose ; Phonation ; Rhinoplasty* ; Smell ; Transplants*

Collagenous colitis is an uncommon condition charaeterized clinically by diarrhea and weight loss and histologically by thickening of the subepithelial collagen band with chromic inflammation. Laboratory tests of blood, urine and stool, and colonscopic findings are usually normal. The etiology of collagenous colitis is unknown. We report a case of collagenous colitis improved after treatment with sulfasalazine with review of literatures.
Colitis, Collagenous* ; Collagen* ; Diarrhea ; Inflammation ; Sulfasalazine ; Weight Loss

Thirty cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were examined immunohistochemically for expression of transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) in order to analyze significant correlation with clinical stage and pathologic grade of gastric adenocarcinoma. Specific immunostaining was clearly detected in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. The TGF-,6 expression in the gastric adenocarcinoma is closely related to the depth of invasion, the degree of invasiveness and the presence of metastasis. Thus, we observed the stronger immunohistochemical. expression of TGF-beta in the deeper portion of invasion and in the invasive gastric adenocarcinomas with the lymph nodal metastasis than in the superficial portion of invasion and in those without the lymph nodal metastasis. There results suggest that the transforming growth factors expression in carcinoma cells may play an important role in the carcinomatous invasion resulting in metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

To increase the survival area of the venous flap, we studied the arterialized venous flap in a rabbit ear model. The ears of 12 New Zealand white rabbits(n=24) were randomized into three groups, group A receiving arterio-venous anastomosis 14 days before the arterialized venous flap elevation; group B receiving bipedicled flap elevation 14 days before arterialized venous flap elevation; group C receiving no pretreatment before the arterialized venous flap elevation. Tc -pertechnetate scan was performed on all groups immediately after the arterialized venous flap elevation to evaluate the blood flow of the flap. The survival area of the flap was measured 14 days after the arterialized venous flap elevation. Average ratio of survival area was 92% in Group A, 88% in group B, which were comparatively higher than the 12% in group C. The entire flap was visualized in groups A and B on scan images, however, only the proximal area of the anterior and posterior marginal vein was visualized in group C. Flap survival pattern was similar to that of the scan image and the slope of time-activity curve of groups A and B was much steeper than that of group C. High survival rate of group A, which received the arterio-venous anastomosis as a pretreatment, may be due to the decrease of resistance of outflow during the 14 days. Anticipated mechanisms involved are, valve insufficiency due to high pressure arterial inflow, development of vascular collaterals in the flap, and opening of arteriovenous(A-V) shunt. Bipedicled flap elevation as a pretreatment may not effect on valves, however, may impair the sympathetic nerve and cause ischmic stimuli which in turn may develop vascular collaterals and make an opening of the A-V shunt.
Ear ; New Zealand ; Survival Rate ; Veins

PURPOSE : To investigate the incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal using computed tomographic images of head and neck in Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Regardless of each examination purpose, randomly selected 268 examples which have serial axial computed tomographic images with 8 normal molars in maxilla and mandible were selected and investigated. Defined C-shaped root canal and we could get 82 proper image examples in view of this definition. These were detected and investigated of incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal. RESULTS : C-shaped root canals were found in 82 examples among 268 (30.6%) and 147 teeth. They were only found on molar area, and the highest incidence was 37.41% of left mandibular second molars, and the lowest was 2.04% of right maxillary second molars. On prevalence of tooth position, mandibular second molar was the highest, 65% of C-shaped root canal teeth and maxillary second molar was 6% the lowest. CONCLUSION : 31% of randomly selected CT images no considering check-up reason have C-shaped root canals. The C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molar are found most frequently and they are also detectable on maxilla. On Korean population, C-shaped root canals are one of conditions that have to concern with dental treatment for it appears at a high prevalence relatively.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Head ; Incidence ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a rare benign or low-grade pancreatic neoplasm with distinct clinicopathologic features. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation of SPT and to examine the etiology of this tumor by performing immunohistochemical staining. METHODS: From October 1994 to March 2005, 35 cases of SPT who underwent operations were retrospectively reviewed. The clinicopathologic findings and late results of treatment were studied in 7 cases of borderline malignant SPT and in 28 cases of the benign SPT. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, neuron specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, vimentin and cytokeratin. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 31.8 years. SPT's were more common in women (77.1%) and the tumors were usually located in the body and the tail of the pancreas (68.6%). There were statistically significant differences in the men (P=0.016), for the masses with calcification (P=0.029), and for the solid masses (P=0.018) between the malignant SPT (including the borderline malignant SPT) and the benign SPT (P=0.014). The SPTs stained positive for alpha1-antitrypsin, neuron specific enolase, and vimentin in all cases, and they were alpha1-antichymotrypsin positive in 94.1% (16/17), chromogranin positive in 18.8% (3/16), synaptophysin positive in 12.5% (2/16), and cytokeratin positive in 18.2% (2/11). All 35 patients underwent curative resection and they are all alive without any evidence of recurrence at a mean follow-up of 44.2 months. CONCLUSION: SPT is a rare tumor that behaves less aggressively than other pancreatic tumors, and surgical resection can result in cure. This tumor thought to originate from a stem cell capable of differentiating into endocrine cells or exocrine cells.
Endocrine Cells ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratins ; Male ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem Cells ; Synaptophysin ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: High levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) are frequently observed in premature infants without congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The purpose of this study is to set cut-off limits of 17-OHP on the basis of gestational age at birth and birth weight. METHODS: Blood spot 17-OHP concentrations were measured in 1,000 infants on the 3th day of life at Inha University Hospital. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (ICN Neoscreen ELISA 17-hydroxyprogesterone kit, ICN Pharmaceuticals. Inc., Japan) was used. The values obtained were analyzed with respect to birth weight and gestational age at birth in order to decide the appropriate cut-off limits in a neonatal mass screening for 21-hydroxylase deficiency. RESULTS: In the neonatal mass screening for CAH, the cut-off limits for determining the 17-OHP for recall, were decided as follows: (1) 57.65, 39.88, 33.52 ng/mL for gestational age at birth of 35 weeks or less, 36-37, and 38 weeks or more, respectively, and (2) 54.88, 43.86, 32.92 ng/mL for birth weight of 2.49 or less, 2.50-2.99, 3.00 kg or more, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The cut-off limits on the basis of gestational age at birth and birth weight should be used in the screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We believe that the false positive rate in premature infants can be reduced using this method.
17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone* ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; Birth Weight* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Mass Screening ; Neonatal Screening ; Parturition* ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase

PURPOSE: Cervical neoplasias are known to be preventable. But the outcome of our efforts for early detection in Korea is disappointing. This study was undertaken to determine the level of screening participation in Korean women with cervical cancer and how the early detection of cervical cancer might be improved. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and forty-nine women with cervical cancer diag- nosed and treated at Seoul National University Hospital from September 1996 to February 1998 were subjected to this study. Self-reported cervical cancer screening histories, med- ical records obtainable were reviewed and analysed. RESULTS: One hundred forty-seven women (147/249; 59.0%) hadn't got through the screen- ing at proper intervals. Ninety-nine women (39.9%) had never been screened and remain- ing 48 (19.3%) hadn't had their last Pap test 3 years before their diagnosis of nvasive cancer. Of the 150 women (60.1%) who had ever had a Pap test, only 47 (18.9%) had had annual Pap test during recent 5 years and 55 (22.1%) had had routine Pap test with interval between 1-3 years. Among 102 women who had at least one Pap test during recent 3 year, 73 (71.6%) had had a normal Pap report within three years of diagnosis, including 36 (35.3%) whose last normal Pap report was within a year of diagnosis. This results suggest the possibilities of smear-taking and/or reading errors. Women who had had routine Pap with interval less than 3 years had significantfy less chance of advanced tumor (FIGO stage Ib < ) than unscreened population. There was a statistically significant trend for the more younger and educated groups to be participated at the screening program with more shortened interval. All the other factors had failed to show significant correlation with adequacy or regularity of screening interval. CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread chance of opportunistic cervical cancer screening, non-participants form the main reason for the failure of cervical cancer screening in Korea. So, far much efforts should be aimed at participating more women in cervical cytologic screening program, especially in the old-aged and less-educated groups.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; Nose ; Seoul ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*