BACKGROUND: Although actinic keratosis and Bowens disease ar considered as carcinoma in situ, most of them are biologically benign and dont progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It is little known why they take the benign courses and which factors are involved in the tumorigenesis. Keratoacanthoma, self-regresi;ing benign tumor, may be sometimes or fused morphologically with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. So it is necessary to find a useful marker to help us distinguish them. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to gain a better understani ling of biologic behaviour and tumerigenesis of epidermal keiatinocytic neoplasms. METHODS: We investigated the expression of p53 protein and priliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by an immunohistochemical method on the formalin-fixed, araffinembedded tissue specimens of epidermal keratinocytic neoplasms. RESULTS: Fourteen out of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(70.0%), 14 out of 22 cases of actinic keratosis(63.6%), and 13 out of 20 cases of Bowens disease(65.0%) showed p53 protein expression, but keratoacanthoma was negative. All the tumors studied sho ved significantly increased numbers of PCNA-positive eells when compared with normal epidermis and characteristic distribution pattern. of PCNA-positive cells. Most cases of actinic keratosis exhibited the basal dysplastic pattern, but Bo wenoid variants showed diffuse dysplastic pattern. Karatoacanthoma revealed the marginal pattern and Bowens disease showed the diffuse dysplastic pattern. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoria showed the basal dysplastic pattern, while poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma revealed d ffuse dysplastic pattern. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that p53 mutation is a common and early genetic change in the epidermal tumorigenesis and may be used as a good marker for malignan transformation, but it does not seem to correlate with the biollagic behavior or prognosis of epidermal neoplasms. PCNA, which is considered as a proliferation-relaited marker, was expressed with chavaceristic distribution patterns according to the type of tumors, but the frequency of PCNA expression is unlikely to reflct the malignant potential of epidermal neoplasms.
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

BACKGROUND: Although actinic keratosis and Bowens disease ar considered as carcinoma in situ, most of them are biologically benign and dont progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It is little known why they take the benign courses and which factors are involved in the tumorigenesis. Keratoacanthoma, self-regresi;ing benign tumor, may be sometimes or fused morphologically with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. So it is necessary to find a useful marker to help us distinguish them. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to gain a better understani ling of biologic behaviour and tumerigenesis of epidermal keiatinocytic neoplasms. METHODS: We investigated the expression of p53 protein and priliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by an immunohistochemical method on the formalin-fixed, araffinembedded tissue specimens of epidermal keratinocytic neoplasms. RESULTS: Fourteen out of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(70.0%), 14 out of 22 cases of actinic keratosis(63.6%), and 13 out of 20 cases of Bowens disease(65.0%) showed p53 protein expression, but keratoacanthoma was negative. All the tumors studied sho ved significantly increased numbers of PCNA-positive eells when compared with normal epidermis and characteristic distribution pattern. of PCNA-positive cells. Most cases of actinic keratosis exhibited the basal dysplastic pattern, but Bo wenoid variants showed diffuse dysplastic pattern. Karatoacanthoma revealed the marginal pattern and Bowens disease showed the diffuse dysplastic pattern. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoria showed the basal dysplastic pattern, while poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma revealed d ffuse dysplastic pattern. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that p53 mutation is a common and early genetic change in the epidermal tumorigenesis and may be used as a good marker for malignan transformation, but it does not seem to correlate with the biollagic behavior or prognosis of epidermal neoplasms. PCNA, which is considered as a proliferation-relaited marker, was expressed with chavaceristic distribution patterns according to the type of tumors, but the frequency of PCNA expression is unlikely to reflct the malignant potential of epidermal neoplasms.
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

We performed a clinicopathological study of nineteen patients with chronic inflammatory nodose lesions of the legs which responded to the treatment with isolniazid. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Seven patients had a personal or family history of tuberculcsis and all patients showed a high tuberculin sensitivity. But, no one showed the evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis. 2. The inflammatory nodules and swelling of the legs were resolved within 12 months in all cases. Resolution of the nodules was more rapid than that of leg swelling. 3. The clinical characteristics of the patients with chronic inflanimatory nodules were the same as those of the cases with erythema nodosum or erytiema induratum reported previously in Korea. The basic histopathologic process of inflarr matory nodules seemed to be vasculitis.
Erythema Nodosum ; Humans ; Isoniazid* ; Korea ; Leg* ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Vasculitis

DiGeorge syndrome, a developmental defect of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches, is characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the thymus and parathyroid glands and by conotruncal cardiac malformation. This syndrome is usually associated with deletion of long arm in chromosome 22 (22q11-). We experienced a case of partial DiGeorge syndrome in a 2-month-old male who had hospitalized because of recurrent hypocalcemic tetany and tetralogy of Fallot. Immunologic studies revealed the decreased percentage of T lymphocyte and increased percentage of B lymphocyte. Chromosomal study with high resolution banding, showed 46, XY, 22q13 deletion. We report a case of partial Digeorge syndrome with a brief review of literatures.
Arm ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; DiGeorge Syndrome* ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Parathyroid Glands ; Tetany ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thymus Gland

A 65-year-old female patient visited our clinic complaining of multiple skin lesions since one year ago. There were yellowish to brownish colored, bean to walnut-sized nodules on both lower extremities. Dylon stain with polarizing microscopy, immunohistochemical stain to amyloid P and immunoglobuhn-kappa chain showed positive reactivities but keratin stain was negative. According to histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings, she was diagnosed as nodular amyloidosis.
Aged ; Amyloid ; Amyloidosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Microscopy ; Skin

No abstract available.
Thromboangiitis Obliterans*

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a rare, benign hepatic tumor which was usually discovered incidentally by imaging procedure performed for some other reasons. FNH is typically asymptomatic and, it seldom bleeds. There is no evidence to support any relation with primary liver cancer. Accordingly, the preferred management is conservative, and excision is reserved for large symptomatic and complicated lesion, or when the diagnosis remains uncertain. Although many cases of FNH has been described to date in the other countries, only four cases of FNH has been reported in Korean literature. In the present report we describe a 7 cm sized asymptomatic lesion of FNH in a 23-year-old woman, that was disclosed by various kinds of imaging procedure. The left lateral segmentectomy was performed. The mass was firm and showed areas of localized growth of mature hepatocytes and septal fibrosis accompanied with marginal ductal proliferation, consistent with FNH. It also displayed an incomplete stellate architectual configration consisted of a central fibrous scar.
Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia* ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Liver* ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Young Adult

PUROPOSE: We analyzed retrospectively the result of urodynamic studies of the female patients with overactive bladder to reveal the incidence of accompanying bladder outlet obstruction and compared the urodynamic charateristics according to the diagnostic criteria for bladder outlet obstruction to help make the appropriate diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 230 women who underwent urodynamic studies for evaluation of overactive bladder were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were classified as having obstruction based on two criteria, including one pressure flow cutoff point criteria (free Qmax < 12ml/sec and pdetQmax > or = 20cmH2O) (group I) and moderate or severe obstruction by the Blaivas- Groutz nomogram (group II). Urodynamic characteristics of the patients in Group 1 and 2 were compared with those of 42 patients having only overactive bladder without any voiding symptom (OAB group). RESULTS: Of the patients 31 (13.5%) were in group I, 42 (18.3%) in group II. Qmax of group I was the lowest among 3 groups. Detrusor pressure at maximum measurable flow and maximum detrusor pressure during voiding in group 1 and II were significantly higher than in OAB group. Detrusor overactivity was more observed in group I and II, and there was no signigicant difference in the presence of voiding symptoms between group I and II. Only 9 patients (4%) had obstruction by both of criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the high incidence of bladder outlet obstruction in the patients of overactive bladder and non-specificity of the symptoms by bladder outlet obstruction, thorough urodynamic study may be helpful in detection and treatment of bladder outlet obstruction of the overactive bladder patients. The further study for the criteria of female bladder outlet obstruction should be necessary to make its accurate diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive* ; Urodynamics

BACKGROUND: Lidocaine or verapamil are used as an antiarrhythmic agent or agent blunting the cardiovascular changes induced by intubation or extubation during anesthesia. After recovery from general anesthesia with muscle relaxants, most patients remained in a residual paralytic state, hence it might develop easily recurarization by factors that affect neuromuscular transmission. Lidocaine and verapamil are well known as agents to potentiate the neuromuscular block. We investigated the effects of lidocaine or verapamil on neuromuscular transmission in vitro. METHODS: Square wave, 0.2 ms duration at a frequency of 0.1 Hz supramaximal or train of four stimuli was applied and the twitch height response was recorded mechanomyographically on rat phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm preparations. Dose responses of rocuronium, lidocaine, verapamil, rocuronium pretreated with lidocaine or verapamil, lidocaine pretreated with rocuronium, and verapamil pretreated with rocuronium were observed by cumulative method, and effective doses (Lag dose, ED50 and ED95) between a pretreated and nonpretreated agent were compared statistically. TOF ratios were observed at 80, 70, 40 and 30% of the control twitch height value during the observation of dose responses. RESULTS: Lag dose, ED50 and ED95 of rocuronium were reduced significantly after pretreatment of lidocaine, verapamil or their mixture, and the dose response of lidocaine, verapamil or their mixture were also reduced significantly by rocuronium pretreatment. TOF ratios at the point of each twitch height decreased significantly after pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS: Lidocaine or verapamil itself did not affect the neuromuscular transmission but might have potentiated the neuromuscular blocking effect induced by rocuronium. However, in excessive doses, these agents produced neuromuscular blockade. Consequently, in the residual neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium, lidocaine or verapamil may enhance recurarization.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Humans ; Intubation ; Lidocaine* ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Phrenic Nerve ; Rats ; Verapamil*

Human brucellosis is an endemic zoonotic disease that is rare in Korea. However, there have been regional increases in its prevalence. Spondylodiscitis is a common osteoarticular complication of brucellar infection and is difficult to diag nose- because the clinical presentation is often variable and nonspecific. We report the case of a 56-year-old male with brucellar spondylodiscitis who was from Gyeongsangbuk-do, an endemic region of bovine brucellosis in Korea.
Animals ; Brucellosis ; Brucellosis, Bovine ; Cattle ; Discitis ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence