No abstract available.

Achilles tendon is the most powerful and the biggest tendon of the body and its rupture is frequently sports-related. Many authors reported the effects of mobilization, electricity, ultrasound and various drugs as factors influencing the injured tendon. We studied the effects of early passive mobilization after firm suture using plantaris tendon as tension suture material and reinforcing membrane on the repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon. From March 1992 to December 1995, twenty-two operations on the Achilles tendon were carried out in our hospital. 1. Fourteen patients were male and eight patients were female. The mean patient age was 38 years, ranging from 13 to 68 years. Average follow-up periods was 2 years and 7 months, ranging from 12 months to 3 years and 8 months. 2. The rupture site was 4.7cm proximal to the tendon insertion into the calcaneus on average. 3. We performed the operations with end to end suture technique. After approximation of the ruptured ends of the tendon with a No. 5 Ethibond tension suture using a modified Kessler stitch, placed plantaris tendon in a fascial needle and pass it circumferentially and distal plantaris tendon is fanned out and tacked over the repair. 4. Postoperative treatment was done as following protocol Short leg cast was done with equinus position for initial 3 weeks, and then cast was removed, hydrotherapy and passive exercises was employed. About 6 weeks after operation when the foot can be brought to right angle, a reverse 90degrees ankle stop short leg brace was applied for additional 6 weeks and partial weight bearing was aUowed. 5. Follow-up results were classified according to the Arner-Lindholm scale. We had 16 excellent results and 6 satisfactory results. After rigid suture it may be possible to introduce a regimen of progressive isometric stimulation and protected loading and streching combined with removable orthosis. Such early exercises are likely to improve the rate of rehabilitation over plaster immobilization.
Achilles Tendon* ; Ankle ; Braces ; Calcaneus ; Electricity ; Exercise ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Hydrotherapy ; Immobilization ; Leg ; Male ; Membranes ; Needles ; Orthotic Devices ; Rehabilitation ; Rupture* ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Ultrasonography ; Weight-Bearing

The elbow is the most frequent area of complaint in children and adolescent baseball players. The physical stresses associated with repetitive throwing create extra-ordinary forces, which may affect the normal osteochondral and soft tissue developmental process and are the important factors causing the decrease of competitive power and shortening of life as a baseball player in adolescents. We surveyed the 114 baseball players of middle & high school in Taegu in order to evaluate the prevalance of symptoms and radiologic findings of the elbow and correlation of these findings to career & position of the baseball game. The results were as follows. 1. Of 114 players, 83 were non-pitchers and 31 were pitchers. The mean career was 3.8 years (7 months to 6 years). 2. The 77 players (67.7%) had the pain on their elbow during or after daily exercise. Other clinical symptoms were locking (30.7%), limitation of motion (18.4%), swelling (16.6%) and clicks on motion (10.5%). 3. On the radiogram of the elbow, hypertrophy or separation of medial epicondyle were seen in 34% of players, loose bodies in 17%, hypertrophy of the humerus in 12% and cystic change of the capitellum in 11%. 4. The mean career of symptomatic players was 4.4 years but non-symptomatics was 2.7 years. The mean career of players who had abnormal radiologic findings was 5.1 years but 3.1 years in players who had no abnormal radiologic fingings. 5. Symptoms and pathologic changes were more common in the elbow of pitcher' s group due to throwing frequency & pitching style. 6. Among the 77 players who had any kinds of problem of the elbow, 49 players of them had no experience of visiting hospital. 7. To prevent these injuries of the elbow, the following recommendations were made. First, restrict the number of innings pitched per game. Second, avoid throwing the curve ball in this age group. Third, ensue an adequate warm up period before exercise or rest after games. Fourth, inform parents and coaches of possible harmful nature of excessive throwing.
Adolescent* ; Baseball* ; Child ; Daegu ; Elbow* ; Humans ; Humerus ; Hypertrophy ; Parents

We developed Extor pins for Extor external fixator, it made of stainless steel and applied it clinically to manage open fractures and chronic osteomyelitis from December, 1993 to January, 1995. The main aim of present study is to compare the mechanical strength and biocompatibillity between Extor pins and AO Schanz pins, and to determine the safety and possibility of clinical use. We performed the biomechanical test for bending, tension, and shearing of pin itself using universal testing machine (LR5OK) and pullout test in cadeveric cortical femur to determine the bone holding power. There was no significant difference between Extor and AO Schanz pin (p>0.05). Clinically, the incidence of pin site infection, pin lossening, radiological rarefaction, and pathological change were not different significantly (p>0.05). Although Extor pins are somewhat different from AO Shanz pins in material and design characteristics, we can find the safety and possibility of clinical use of Extor pins made in Korea.
External Fixators* ; Femur ; Fractures, Open ; Incidence ; Korea ; Osteomyelitis ; Stainless Steel

From May 1990 to July 1991. 11 bladder tumor patients were treated with Indiana continent ileocecal reservoir after radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadnectomy and l0 were followed up. The average operation time for making pouch was 5 hours 22 minutes. The reservoir was created with reconfiguration of disrupted cecum and ileal patch and its average maximal capacity was 527. 8cc. The average interval of catheterization was 5 hours 36 minutes and the average catheterized urine volume was 357cc. The average intrareservoiral maximal pressure was 29.4cmH2O and the average intraluminal maximal pressure of plicated terminal ileal segment along with ilececal valve was 48cmH2O. All of 10 patients(100%) had successful daytime continence and 5 were able to sleep all night without catheteritation. Tunneled ureteral implantations along the tenia of the cecum were revealed no reflux on reservoirogram. The complications were 2 cases of temporary urine leakage From stoma site. 1 wound infection and 1 stomal bleeding. From the above results, although duration of followup is short, we can anticipate a superb outcome after experience further cases with this procedure, since successful continence and antireflux are achieved at this time.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cecum ; Cystectomy ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Indiana* ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Wound Infection

We experienced a case of congenital rubella syndrome manifesting patent ductus arteriosus, petechiae, microcephaly, intrauterine growth retardation, and hepatomegaly in one-day-old female newborn infant. Congenital rubella syndrome was confirmed by positive results of anti-rubella IgM in the sera of patient. Anti-rubella IgM was negative in the sera of mother, while anti-rubella IgG was positive.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infant, Newborn ; Microcephaly ; Mothers ; Purpura ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of C-reactive protein and fetal fibronectin for patients with preterm labor and intact mxmbranes. STUDY DESIGN: The study group was comprised of sixty patients who presented to the Taegu Fatima Hospital between 24-36 gestational weeks who had a diagnosis of preterm labor. The study group underwent assay of C-reactive protein in the matemal serum, and fetal fibronectin from the external os and posterior fomix of the vagina by means of polyester fiber swabs. The study group was categorized to four groups according to the results of CRP and fetal fibronectin, that is 28 cases of CRP(-)/fetal fibronectin(-); group I, 12 cases of CRP(+)/fetal fibronectin (-); groupII, 9 cases of CRP(-)/fetal fibronectin(+); groupIII, 11 cases of CRP(+)/fetal fibronectin(+): grouplV, and the controls were 12 women without preterm labor. Outcome measures were occurrence of preterm delivery, the admission-to-delivery interval, matemal age and parity, fetal body weight, 1min/5min Apgar score, perinatal morbidity and mortality etc. Statistical analyses were performed by means of ANOVA test and Dunnett's t-test. RESULTS: The prevalence of study group were group I 46.7%, group II 20%, group III 15% and group IV 18.3%. There were no significant difference of matemal age, parity and gestational weeks at admission between study group and control group, but in all study group the admission to delivery interval was significantly shorter than that of control group. Analysis indicated also no significant difference of maternal hemoglobin between study group and conuol group but white blood cell count of group II and IV were significantly higher than that of control group. In perinatal outcomes, the mean birth weight and 1 minute Apgar score of study group except group I were significantly lower than those of control group but 5minutes Apgar score was lower only in group IV compared with control group. Perinatal morbidity and mortality of study group were higher than those of control group except group I. This study group was designed to compare the diagnostic performance of cervical fibronectin and of the serum CRP levels. The sensitivity and specificity of fetal fibronectin as a test to predict of preterm labor were 80% and 90%, which were slightly higher than those of CRP(70%, 78%). CONCLUSION: Both positive cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin and positive C-reactive protein in women with preterm uterine contraction can help identify the pregnancies at risk and to select proper management protocol.
Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; C-Reactive Protein ; Daegu ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Fibronectins ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Membranes* ; Mortality ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Parity ; Polyesters ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Contraction ; Vagina

To know the prevalence of the diabetes mellitus and associated diseases, we analyzed the date of the 3,088 subjects who were examined with the Computed Automated Medi-Screening Test System which consisted of 65 parameters including blood glucose determination fasting and one hour after 100 g of oral glucose load. We grouped the subjects by the modified criteria of National Diabetic Data Group. Followings are the results of the various analysis: 1. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in 2.27% and 18.26% respectively. 2. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 2.63% in male and 1.66% in female. There is no statistically significant difference between male and female. 3. There in tendency of increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus as the age increases. From second to eighth decade, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increases as 0.0, 0.45, 0.67, 2.28, 3.47, 5.36, 10.00% respectively. 4. There is no statistically significant difference of prevalence of obesity between normal and diabetes: that is, 18.03%, 22.86% respectively (P≥0.1). 5. There is no statistically significant difference of prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes between non-obese and obses group (P≥0.1). 6. There is statistically significant increases of frequency of proteinuria, azotemia, hypertension as the glucose tolerance decreases (P≤0.05).
Azotemia ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Obesity ; Prevalence* ; Proteinuria

Traction of the extraocular muscles during strabismus surgery could cause nausea and vomiting in postoperative period. Although the extent of these symptoms would vary in wide range, sometimes they are so severe that patients may feel very uncomfortable and have difficulties with adjusting back to their routine life in immediate postoperative period. Authors have investigated whether the 5-hydroxytryptamin-3 [5HT3] receptor antagonist, which is now used as an effective antiememtic agent after general anesthesia and anticancer chemotherapy, can control the nausea and vomiting after strabismus surgery or not. As the occurrence of the oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery is closely related with postoperative emesis, we also examined if 5HT3 receptor antagonist can suppress the oculocardiac reflex as well. We performed strabismus surgery in 80 patients under topical anesthesia. In experimental group[N=40], 3 milligramof Granistron in 50 milliliter of normal saline was administered intravenously and in control group[N=40], the same amount of normal saline was administered one hour before the surgery. To evaluate the degree of nausea and vomiting, authors used the Rhodes 'Nausea and Vomiting Estimation Index[NVEI]and monitored heart rate for oculo-car-diac reflex. The NVEI in experimental group was 12.10 +/-5.60 compared with 16.85 +/-8.88 in control[P=0.005]. But there was no difference in frequency of oculocardiac reflex and the degree of heart rate decrement between the two groups [P=0.152, P=0.345]. In conclusion, Granisetron, 5HT3 receptor antagonist, is still effective in controlling the nausea and vomiting after strabismus surgery, but it has no suppressive effect on the oculocardiac reflex.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Drug Therapy ; Granisetron ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Muscles ; Nausea* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Postoperative Period ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3* ; Reflex ; Reflex, Oculocardiac ; Strabismus* ; Traction ; Vomiting*

Traction of the extraocular muscles during strabismus surgery could cause nausea and vomiting in postoperative period. Although the extent of these symptoms would vary in wide range, sometimes they are so severe that patients may feel very uncomfortable and have difficulties with adjusting back to their routine life in immediate postoperative period. Authors have investigated whether the 5-hydroxytryptamin-3 [5HT3] receptor antagonist, which is now used as an effective antiememtic agent after general anesthesia and anticancer chemotherapy, can control the nausea and vomiting after strabismus surgery or not. As the occurrence of the oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery is closely related with postoperative emesis, we also examined if 5HT3 receptor antagonist can suppress the oculocardiac reflex as well. We performed strabismus surgery in 80 patients under topical anesthesia. In experimental group[N=40], 3 milligramof Granistron in 50 milliliter of normal saline was administered intravenously and in control group[N=40], the same amount of normal saline was administered one hour before the surgery. To evaluate the degree of nausea and vomiting, authors used the Rhodes 'Nausea and Vomiting Estimation Index[NVEI]and monitored heart rate for oculo-car-diac reflex. The NVEI in experimental group was 12.10 +/-5.60 compared with 16.85 +/-8.88 in control[P=0.005]. But there was no difference in frequency of oculocardiac reflex and the degree of heart rate decrement between the two groups [P=0.152, P=0.345]. In conclusion, Granisetron, 5HT3 receptor antagonist, is still effective in controlling the nausea and vomiting after strabismus surgery, but it has no suppressive effect on the oculocardiac reflex.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Drug Therapy ; Granisetron ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Muscles ; Nausea* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Postoperative Period ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3* ; Reflex ; Reflex, Oculocardiac ; Strabismus* ; Traction ; Vomiting*