OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the basophil histamine releasability in response to IgE- and non- IgE-mediated stimuli in children with atopic asthma. Met: Basophil histamine releasability was measured in Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae)-sensitive atopic asthmatics, D.farinae-sensitive healthy atopics, non-atopic asthmatics, and healthy non-atopics. Basophils were stimulated with D.farinae, goat antihuman IgE antibody, formyl-Met-Leu-Phe(fMLP), and Calcium ionophore A23187. Histamine was measured by automated fluorometric technique. RESULTS: Sponianeous histamine release was higher in atopic asthmatics compared to healthy non-atopics. Histamine release by D.farinae and by anti-IgE antibody was higher in atopic asthmatics compared to the other groups. There was no difference in histamine release by fMLP among all groups. Histamine release by Calcium ionophore was higher in healthy atopics and non-atopic asthmatics compared to healthy non-atopics. The atopics showed correlation between histamine release by D.farinae, by anti-IgE antibody and total serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous and IgE-mediated histamine release were related to the presence of both atopy and asthma, whereas non-IgE mediated histamine release was different depending on the stimuli.
Asthma* ; Basophils* ; Calcimycin ; Calcium ; Child* ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Goats ; Histamine Release ; Histamine* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E

PURPOSE: Neck masses are frequently encountered in pediatric practice, and have various underlying diseases. If the underlying diseases of the neck mass are not confirmed by its clinical characteristics, it can be done by neck mass biopsy. To define the necessity and the appropriate time of neck mass biopsy is very difficult and also important. Therefore the authers have conducted this study to have aids in differential diagnosis of neck mass in children by analyzing the clinical manifestations of underlying diseases of neck mass. METHODS: The authors have reviewed 390 children under 15 years of age who visited and admitted with neck masses to Shinchon Severance Hospital between Jan. 1987 and Dec. 1994. In order to elucidate the nature and etiologic diseases of neck masses, we classify and analyze the neck masses by age and sex distribution, duration of symptoms and signs, size and consistencies and by site and number of neck masses, and finally by underlying diseases. RESULTS: 1)Of the overall sex distribution, male patients were more than female, the male to female ratio was 1.32 : 1(222:168). The most common age group was 2-5 years of age. The most common acompanying symptoms were upper respiratory tract infection symptoms, comprising 37.7 % of all, and the most common duration of symptoms and signs was within 3 months, comprising 65.6 % of all. 2)Of the underlying diseases of the neck masses, the largest proportions were inflammatory masses, which comprising 49.2 % of all cases, among these, nonspecific cervical lymphadenitis was most common(65.6 %). 3)We could also confirm the nonspecific cervical lymphadenitis by clinical manifestations, blood exams and neck ultrasonography except neck mass biopsy. 4)For the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis, the family history of tuberculosis, PPD skin test, and chest X- ray findings are almost helpful, but the neck mass biopsy was essential. 5)Malignant tumors were 24 cases, which comprise 6.2 % of all. CONCLUSIONS: For the appropriate differential diagnosis of neck masses in children, we should observe and describe accurately the clinical characteristics of the neck masses. On physical examination, if we can not rule out the possibility of tuberculous lymphadenitis or malignant tumors, the neck mass biopsy should be done immediately, but if it is likely the nonspecific cervical lymphadenitis, we must wait until the size of neck masses decrease or other symptoms disappear after empirical antibiotics therapy.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphadenitis ; Male ; Neck* ; Physical Examination ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Sex Distribution ; Skin Tests ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node ; Ultrasonography

Studies on epidemiological aspects of contact dermatitis have been published in recent years since the introduction of standardized method of patch test.However, most previous epidemiologic reports studied patients with allergic contact dermatitis in hospitals with patcb testing. Such data are not directly applicable to the population at large. Very recentiy there are a few reports ahout rates of exposure and patch test reactivity to certain antigens in a general population. which is difficult to be applicable in a developing country at present. With regard to this, we have tried to analyze the contact dermatitis questionaire containing various items of common causative agents producting contact dermatitis (for example, metals, cosmetics, plants, medicaments and rubber etc.) for the detection of past contact dermatitis histories in a total new dermatologic outpatients. A11 2258 dermatologic outpatients entered this study including 303 contact dermatitis patients (allergic contact dermatitis, primary irritant dermatitis and housewife eczema). We also analyzed the patch test results of 107 patients with suggesting contact dermatitis who visited our hospital at the same period of collecting questionaires. The study results were as follows. 1. Positive rate of each item of the questionaire (No. of said Yes/ No. of responders) was metals, 10.4% cosmetics, 31.8%, plants, 18.2%; medicaments, 12.4%; rubber, 5.8%; and others, 11.7%. 2. The most common all regens of the patch test positive reactions were nickel sulfate (9.3%), fragrance mix(9.3%), formaldehyde(6.5%), potassium dichromate (5.6%), neomycin sulfate (5.6%), balsam of Peru (4.7%), cobalt chloride(3.7%), wood tar(3.7%) and paraphenylene diamine (2.8%) in order of frequency. And the patch test positive rate of commercial cosmetic products was 10.3%. In conclusion, cosmetics, medicaments, metals, plants and rarely rubber are found the most common etiologic agents of contact dermatitis in this study. The reasons and back-ground of the results were also discussed in various aspects.
Cobalt ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Dermatitis, Irritant ; Developing Countries ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Humans ; Metals ; Neomycin ; Nickel ; Outpatients ; Patch Tests ; Peru ; Potassium Dichromate ; Rubber ; Wood

No abstract available.
Humans ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin* ; Ultrasonography*

Traumatic dislocation of the knee is an uncommon but serious injury associated with extensive soft tissue damage and the danger of neurological and vascular involvement. During the periods from September 1983 to September 1992, we had experienced 21 cases of the traumatic dislocation of knee at the Guro and Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine. The results obtained from this study were as follows ; 1. The age of initial dislocation varied from 11 to 79 years with the average of 32. 8 years and the ratio of male to female was 20: 1. 2. Dislocations were classified into 5 types which were anterior in 9, posterior in 4, medial in 1, lateral in 4 and rotatory in 2 cases and also unclassified in 1 case. 3. Causes of the injury were traffic accident in 9, sports injury in 7, fall down in 4 and industriai injury was 1 case. 4. Complications of traumatic dislocation of the knee included popliteal artery rupture in 3, compartment syndrome in 2 and peroneal nerve palsy in 4 cases. 5. All of ligamentous injuries were repaired and augmented except 2 cases which were treated conservating 10-14 days after trauma and all of the cases of arterial injuries were repaired with an autogenous vein graft. 6. Results were excellent 3, good 12, fair 4, and poor 2 cases by Marvin classification at the average 27 months after operation. 7. Prompt completion of vascular repair is critical to avoid amputation and also operative repair of injured ligaments seems to be good method to yield good results with the improved stability.
Accidents, Traffic ; Amputation ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Compartment Syndromes ; Dislocations ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Male ; Methods ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Popliteal Artery ; Rupture ; Transplants ; Veins

Operative internal fixation of femoral fractures is widely accepted as the best method of treatment but the techniques are by no means devoid of complications, nor are they simple to execute. A method of treatment must be based on the analysis of the :"personality of the fracture", that is, the nature of the fracture and of patient. Mechanical failure such as metal failure, loosening of screw or nail after internal fixation, residual deformity, and nonunion, may impose serious problems on the surgeon and patient unless treatment is appropriate. The authors analyzed 14 mechanical failures of internal fixation in 12 femoral fractures from Dec. 1987 to Aug. 1992 in the department of orthopedic surgery, Ansan Hospital Korea University to study the possible cause of mechanical failure of internal fixation and pursue the way of reducing that complications and obtained the following results. 1. Eleven were males and one was female, most of them were in age of active life. 2. The level of fractures in 12 femorals were subtrochanteric in two, shaft in nine and supracondylar in one. 3. The time interval between internal fixation and failure in 10 failures was 5.5 months on average(range, 3month to 11months). It was uncertain in 4 failures. 4. Mechanical failure were presented as breakage in five plates, loosening of screw in five plates, loosening of screw in two DCP fixation, loosening of nail in one interlocking nail, bending of nail in one Kuntscher nail, one breakage and one bending in two condylar buttres plates, and cutting-out of hip screw in three compression hip screw. 5. The causes of failure were presumed to be improper surgical technique in 7 failures, inadequate selection of internal fixatives in 5 failures, and inadequate postoperative care in 1 case.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Fixatives ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Care

Between June 1990 and May 1994, 350 laser conization and 200 LEEP were performed. Indications of conization were that directed biopsy specimen was proved CIN II, III or suggests possible microinvasion. In all the cases the procedures were carried out with the patients under local anesthesia. Excisional cone sections(6,600) were evaluated for lesion length,depth and margin status. Invasive cancer was found in 5(1.4%) women of laser group. Operative time was shorter LEEP group than laser group significantly. In laser group, 25(8.3%) women had bleeding that required treatment. One case(0.3%) of pelvic infection and 7 cases(2.3%) of cervical stenosis were observed. In LEEP group, 10(5.3%) women had bleeding, 3(1.6%) patients became cervical stenosis. The diameter of bumed tissue was 0.28mm in laser group and 0.25mm in LEEP group. Success rate were 97.4% in former and 96.3% in later. This study demontrated that CO2 laser conization and LEEP were effective methods for treating high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and added benefit of preserving reproductive function and rule out invasive carcinoma.
Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia* ; Conization* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lasers, Gas* ; Operative Time ; Pelvic Infection

BACKGROUND: Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation is well established as an integral part of the management of patients with the acute lung injury. PEEP is a key element in the treatment of hypoxemia resulting from pulmonary edema. Pulmonary capillary pressure (Pcap) is the most important factor influencing lung edema formation, and an understanding of how Pcap is altered by variations of PEEP or pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) is important to improve the treatment of acute lung injury patients. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of PEEP on the pulmonary capillary pressure in acute lung injury patients. METHODS: This was a prospective study of 11 acute lung injury patients. The effect of PEEP on pulmonary circulation at four different levels (0,4,8, and 12cm H2O) was analyzed. Pcap was estimated visually at bed side with Swan Ganz catheters. The pulmonary vasculature was analyzed by calculating the pressure difference at the arterial and venous parts of the circulation. RESULTS: As PEEP increased from 0 to 12 cm H2O, the mean puhnonary arterial pressure (PAP) and Pcap increased respectively from 22.7 ± 7.4 to 25.3 ± 7.3 mmHg and 15.3 ± 3.3 to 17.8 ±3.2 mmHg (p<0.05). Similarly, PAOP increased from 9.8 ± 2.1 to 12.8 ± 2.1 mmHg and the central venous pressure increased from 6.1 ± 1.6 to 9.3 1: 2.3 mmHg(p<0.05). However, the pressure gradient at the arterial (PAP-Pcap) and venous (Pcap-Pcwp) part of pulmonary circulation remained unchanged at all evaluated PEEP levels. CONCLUSION: Although Pcap increasoo gradually with increased PEEP, the pressure gradient at the arterial and venous part of the pulmonary vasculature remained unchanged at all evaluated PEEP levels in acute lung injury patients.
Acute Lung Injury* ; Anoxia ; Arterial Pressure ; Capillaries* ; Catheters ; Central Venous Pressure ; Edema ; Humans ; Lung ; Positive-Pressure Respiration* ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Pulmonary Edema ; Ventilation

Goltz syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by ectodermal and mesodermal dysplasia with multisystem defects. It was first reported in 1962 by Goltz as a focal dermal hypoplasia. More than 200 cases of Goltz syndrome were reported in the world literature, and 5 cases have been reported in Korea since 1994. There were few descriptions in the literature regarding surgical experience in Goltz syndrome. We report a female neonate born with omphalocele associated with Goltz syndrome that included typical cutaneous manifestations and a lobster-claw defect of the left foot. Omphalocele was successfully closed by staged reduction without any wound problems.
Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Ectoderm ; Female ; Focal Dermal Hypoplasia* ; Foot ; Hernia, Umbilical* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Mesoderm ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis* ; Spinal Cord*