No abstract available.
Autoradiography* ; Brain* ; Rats, Wistar* ; Receptors, Muscarinic*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Religion*

Many investigators are trying to elucidate the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders on the basis of neuroendocrine responses to stimulation or perturbation. Dexamethasone(DEX) suppression has been the most widely utilized as the prototypical challenge test. Dexamethasone suppression test(DST) has proven to be valuable in diagnosing the depressive spectrum disorder. Reported specificity of diagnosis of depression is relatively high, but sensitivity is limited. Some researchers used the combination of dexamethasone and corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH) in order to improve the sensitivity. They reported that combined DEX/CRH test, i.e., we administered the insulin instead of CRH. Total subjects were 28(7 normal controls, 10 manic patients, 11 schizophrenic, patients). Subject were token DEX(1.5mg p.o.) at 11 p.m., insulin 16 hours later(0.1 unit/kg i.v.). Five blood samples for the determination of cortisol and ACTH were serially drawn at 15 minute interval. The results are as following : 1) The cortisol an ACTH levels of manic subjects increased following insulin administration. Manic subjects showed higher levels of cortisol and ACTH than schizophrenic and normal control subjects. The cortisol and ACTH levels of schizophrenic and normal control subjects did not show gross changes. 2) The sensitivity of the test was lower than that of reported DEX/CRH test.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Depression ; Dexamethasone ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Insulin ; Research Personnel ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The authors experienced a case of anterior uneitis associated with secondary glaucoma caused by a cycitsercosis cellulosae in the anterior chamber of the left eye of a 39-year-old Korean male. The cyst appeared from the posterior surface of the iris through the pupillary margin of 10-o'clock position and grew larger and larger with automatic active movements, filling finally the nasal upper one third of the anterior chamber, but the cyst did not change the position to the 6-o'clock chamber angle. The cysticercus grown for almost four months was extracted successfully with a teethless, serrated, curved forceps with some resistance after opening the anterior chamber from 7~11-o'clock position without iris prolapse and any damage to the anterior lens capsule. The extracted cyst with the size of 8 mm X 6 mm X 3 mm was confirmed as a cysticercus cellulosae by parasitological examinations (Fig. 2,3). After the extraction of the cysticercus the uveitis and the increased intraocular tension subsided completely, remaining some brownish fine keratic precipitates, pigment masses on the anterior surface of the lens and irregularly somewhat dilated pupil due to partial posterior synechia. The naked vision O.S., however, was 20/25 using pin hole, and the eye has been still quiet during last 3 and half years following surgical extraction. In addition the authors have recently seen three cases of subconjunctival cystiticercosis cellulosae. In the first case the cysticercus with the size of 8 mm X 7 mm X 4 mm appeared at the nasal superior part of the bulbar conjunctiva O.D. of a three-year-old Korean male. In the second case the cyst with the size of 7 mm X 5 mm X 3 mm was seen at the nasal inferior part of the bulbar conjunctiva O.S. of a 12-year old Korean female. In the last case the cyst with the size of 10 mm X 8 mm X 5 mm was located beneath the plica semilunaris of 3-o'clock position O.D. of a 58-year-old Korean female. All the cysts were extracted successfully without any rupture, and they were confirmed as the cysticercus cellulosae histologically.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber* ; Child ; Conjunctiva ; Cysticercosis* ; Cysticercus* ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Iris ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prolapse ; Pupil ; Rupture ; Surgical Instruments ; Uveitis

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of premedicants, diazepam and atropine sulfate in twenty surgical patients by measuring the Human Plasma Renin Acitivty. RENIN. RIA(Radioimmunoassay K for Angiotensin I) was utilized and the renin activity was expressed as the release of angiotenain I, ng. per ml. of plasma per hour. The sex ratio between male and female patients was 11:9, mean age 38,95+/-13.16 and average body weight 55.5+/-8.20kg. The value of the human plasma renin activity before administration of premedicants was 2.05+/-0.95ng/ml/hr. and at 60 minutes after administration of premedicante it was 2.21+/-0.82ng/ml/hr., and it's result was within normal limits. Consequently there was no significant change statistically in human plasma renin activity after one hour of premedications.
Angiotensins ; Atropine* ; Body Weight ; Diazepam ; Female ; Humans* ; Male ; Plasma* ; Premedication ; Renin* ; Sex Ratio

Proliferations of the endometrial glands form a continuum from focal glandular crowding through simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia to frank adenocarcinoma. But objective criteria to distinguish these proliferative endometrial lesions are not clear-cut and terminology is confusing. The p53 protein is a nuclear phosphoprotein that can regulate cell proliferation and suppress tumor growth. Mutation in the p53 gene have been reported in a variety of human tumors, and in selected malignancies overexpression of p53 has been associated with poor prognosis. In this study we examined a series of endometrial proliferative lesion, including hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma, and adenomyosis to determine whether or not p53 is overexpressed in these lesions. In the result, p53 immunoreactivity was observed in 3 of 17 (17.6%) simple hyperplasia, one of 6 (16.6%) complex hyperplasia, none of 3 (O%) atypical hyperplasia, 6 of 13 (46.1%) adenocarcinoma and none of 10 (O%) adenomyosis. In conclusion, p53 mutation seems to play a role in oncogenesis of endometrial adenocarcinoma in early phase but there was no significant relationship between p53 overexpression and histologic grade of adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenomyosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Proliferation ; Crowding ; Endometrial Hyperplasia* ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Prognosis

This study included fifty two premature babies in whom EEG was performed at National Medical Center, from Jan. 1990 to Jun. 1991. clinical and EEG records of all subjects were analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1) The day of first EEG performed were;11 cases within 10 days, 20 cases from 11 days to days, 13 cases from 21 days to 30 days and 8 cases beyond 31 days. 2) The results of first EEG were; within normal limit in 34 cases, mild abnormality in 3 cases, moderate abnormality in 11 cases and marked abnormality in 4 cases. 3) The abnormal EEG ratio according to the sex was higher in female than in male (43.5% vs 27.6%). 4) The abnormal EEG ratio according to the gestational age was higher in shorter gestational age group than in longer gestational age group (40.9% under 32 weeks of G.A. vs 30.0% beyond 33 weeks of G.A.). 5) The abnormal EEG ratio according to the birth weight was not significant. 6) The abnormal EEG ratio according to the ventilator use was higher in used group than in not used group (38.5% vs 30.8%). 7) Combined diseases in 18 cases of abnormal EEG group were jaundice (14 cases), hyaline membrane disease (7 cases), asphyxia (4 cases), anemia (4 cases), hydrocephalus, sepsis, PDA, hypocalcemia, UTI and IVH. 8) The mean apgar score in abnormal EEG group was lower than normal EEG group both in one minute and five minute. 9) Two cases among 18 cases of abnormal EEG group showed abnormal brain sonographic findings, but one case among 34 cases of normal EEG group showed abnormal brain sonographic finding. 10) Ten cases were followed up with serial EEG, six cases of which were treated with anticonvulsant. We observed normalization of the EEG in 5 cases of anticonvulsant treated group.
Anemia ; Apgar Score ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Brain ; Electroencephalography* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypocalcemia ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice ; Male ; Sepsis ; Ultrasonography ; Ventilators, Mechanical

OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to evaluate the change in releasing action of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis after alcohol abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence, and to identify the etiologic mechanism of alcohol dependence indirectly. METHODS: Plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and ACTH level was measured in 14 alcohol dependent patients and in 14 healthy persons after 7 days and 28 days of alcohol abstinence at 08: 00h and 12: 00h, twice a day. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference in plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and ACTH level measured at 08: 00h and 12: 00h between patients and control group after 7days of alcohol withdrawal. 2) Plasma beta-endorphin level measured at 08: 00h in patients was significantly elevated comparing with control group after 28days of alcohol withdrawal. But, there was no significant difference in plasma beta-endorphin level measured at 12: 00h and in plasma cortisol and ACTH level measured at both 08: 00h and 12: 00h between two groups after 28days of alcohol withdrawal. 3) In the patient group, there was no significant difference between patients after 7days and 28 days of alcohol withdrawal in plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and ACTH level measured at 08: 00h and ACTH level measured at 12: 00h. But, beta-endorphin and cortisol level measured at 12: 00h were significantly lowered in patients after 28days of alcohol withdrawal than after 7days of withdrawal. 4) In decreasing rate of beta-endorphin production from 08: 00h to 12: 00h, there was significant difference between patients and controlled group after 28days of alcohol withdrawal. CONCLUSION: In alcohol dependent patients, lower level of beta-endorphin and increased reducing rate in diurnal variation of beta-endorphin after alcohol withdrawal are evident, which in turn may elevate craving for alcohol intake, and there findings support the opioid compensation theory in the development of alcohol dependence.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Alcohol Abstinence ; Alcoholism ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; beta-Endorphin* ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone* ; Plasma*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypothyroidism* ; Siblings*

No abstract available.
Humans