BACKGROUND: The photsensitizing effect of quinolones has been recognized since their introdulation as an antibacterial agents. Recently several new second eneration antibacterial agents of this pharmacological class have become available for therapy, and are gaining increasing impotance. OBJECTIVE: To reveal the phototoxic potentials of some new quinolones by photohemolysis test, estimation of fluorescenc spectra, and Candida albicans test. METHODS: Nalidixic acid and four second-generation quinolones(ciprofloxacin, enoxacini, norfloxacin, and ofloxacitid were examined by fluorescence spertra which measured t.he phototoxc potentials by photochemial instability, photohemolsis test for the phototoxic properties against cell membranes and Candida tlbicans test for phototoxic properties against DNA. RESULTS: All drugs showed a fluorescence spectra within 360 nm to 450 nm, and in the photohemolysis test, all studied drug except ofloxacin got above 5% hemolytic value, and all drugs showed clear zone. in Candida albicans test after 48hours. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that all tested drugs were photochemically unstable. According to the mechanisris of cellular phototoxicity, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and norfloxacin was phtototoxic to nucleus and cell membrane, whereas ofloxacin was phototoxic to nucleus only.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Candida ; Candida albicans ; Cell Membrane ; Ciprofloxacin ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; DNA ; Enoxacin ; Fluorescence ; Nalidixic Acid ; Norfloxacin ; Ofloxacin ; Quinolones

No abstract available.
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Amyloidosis*

We observed a case of sebaceous epithelioma associated with a nevus sebaceus in a 25-year-old male. The tumor was bean-sized, dome-shaped nodule on the slightly yellowish plaque of nevus sebaceus. Histopathological finding shows undifferentiated cells which are arranged in a palisade fashion at the periphery of a cell mass and a fairly large number of transitional cells and groups of mature sebaeeous cells.
Adult ; Carcinoma* ; Humans ; Male ; Nevus* ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn*

A clinical study was performed on 27 patients with myasthenia gravis diagnosed at the Department of Ophthalmology, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College from January 1986 to December 1989, including electromyography, chest CT scan and thyroid function test. The results were as follow: 1. The patients were classified as group I;14 patients(51.9%), most common, group II(A);8 patients(29.6%) and group II(B);5 patients(18.5%) based on the modified Osserman's classification. 2. Ocular symptoms were ptosis in 25 patients(92.6%), diplopia in 10 patients(34. 4%), limitation of ocular movement in 4 patients(14.8%). Systemic symptoms were dysphagia and weakness of extremeties in 6 patients(22.2%) and general weakness in 5 patients(18. 5%). 3. In EMG study, among the 27 patients, 17 patients(63%) revealed positive response. Positive rate according to clinical classification was 50%(7 of 14 patients) in group 1,62.5%(5 of 8 patients) in group II(A) and 100%(all 5 patients) in group II(B). The more severe the symptoms, the more positive were the findings. 4. The associated thymic disorders were thymoma in 4 patients(14. 8%), thymic hyperplasia in 2 patients(6.9%) and malignant thymoma in 1 patient(6.9%).
Classification ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diplopia ; Electromyography* ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Ophthalmology ; Thymoma ; Thymus Hyperplasia ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Estrogens*

No abstract available.
Ear* ; Replantation*

No abstract available.
Ear, Middle*

There is much controversy concerning the method of treatment on the tibial fracture because of frequent complications, such as non-union, delayed union and infection. Authors reviewed and analyzed 110 tibial fractures which had been treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sung Ae General Hospital from June 1983 to March 1987 by the groups, conservative treatment, open reduction and internal fixation with compression plate and closed flexible intramedullary nailing. The results were as follows :1. In regard to the fracture location, there was no difference in the healing time among the treatment methods. The I.M. nailing group healed 1.5 weeks earlier than other groups in each location. 2. In minor and moderate severity by Ellis, the I.M. nailing group revealed better result, and in major one, the compression plate group showed better result. More complications occured in major severity. 3. Union time among the trestment methods was not affected by the fibular fractures, but most of the complications occured in the concomitant fibular fracture case. 4. In open fracture, the healing time showed no difference among the groups, and was prolonged about 2 weeks than closed fracture. In closed case, the I.M. nailing group showed good result. 5. The cases, which were reduced earlier in the conservative group, and treated within 3 days in the I.M. nailing group revesled better result. 6. The radiological union time from the definite treatment was 15.80 weeks in the conservative treatment group, 15.18 weeks in the compression plate group and 13.92 weeks in the I.M. nailing group.
Clinical Study ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Hospitals, General ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

The principle in the treatment of an elderly patient with an intertrochanteric fracture has swung from traction to internal fixation due to complication such as pneumonia, skin ulcer, and throm-boembolic disease, etc. Since the introduction of the Smith-Peterson nail, numerous internal fixation devices such as I-beam nail, Thornton plate, Jewett nail and Holt nail have been developed by gadgeteers and instrument companies. Recently Compression Hip Screw is popular because of rigid internal fixation. The operative management of intertrochanteric fractures of the hip using Compression Hip Screwplate was performed in thirty-three patients who were followed more than 5 months after operation at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital, from Feb. 1974 to 1978. The results were as follows. 1. Of 33 cases of intertrochanteric fractures, 3 cases were stable fracture and 30 cases were unstable fracture. The commonest type was Tronzo type III with 42 percentage. 2. Dimon-Hughston reduction in 13 cases with unstable fracture and anatomical reduction in 20 cases with stable and unstable fracture were achieved. 3. The average time to fracture union was 12 weeks, minimum in 8 weeks (maximum 20 weeks). The average union time in age group over 50 years was 14 weeks and 11 weeks in age group under 50 years. 4. The average union time was 13 weeks in medial displased group and 10 weeks in anatomical reduction group. 5. Complication after internal fixation were 4 cases e.g., two cases of varus deformity, one case of genitourinary tract infection and one transient peroneal nerve palsy. 6. Compression Hip Screw is a good internal fixation device to treat intertrochanteric fracture.
Aged ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Pneumonia ; Skin Ulcer ; Traction