No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve*

This retrospective analysis describes the clinical characteristics, treatment, and long-term outcome of 30 patients with axis fracture admitted to our institution between January 1991 and December 1995. The incidence of axis fracture was 27.2% in the 110 cervical spine fractures. Among these, odontoid process fracture was the most common type, 19 cases(63%) followed by 8 hangmans fractures(27%), 3 miscellaneous fractures(10%). Hangman's fractures, odontoid type III fractures and miscellaneous fractures were treated with external immobilization devices. Remaining 11 odontoid type II fractures, and six patients with dens dislocation of 6 mm or greater were initially treated by early surgical stabilization. Individuals with dens dislocated less than 6 mm were treated by external immobilization only. Among the nonoperative group of acute axis fractures, there was no fusion failure. In the early operated group, all patients were stable clinically or radiologically. But three patients with posterior wiring and bone graft complained of their neck motion limitation.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Dislocations ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Neck ; Odontoid Process ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine normal amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein level in midtrimester Korean pregnant women whose neonatal outcomes were normal. METHODS: Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein(AFAFP) levels were measured by specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) in midtrimester pregnant women for various indications of amniocentesis from May 1992 to July 1999 at Seoul National University Hospital. Normal ranges were obtained from 640 singleton pregnancies in which neonatal outcomes were normal. RESULTS: Median values of AFAFP in Korean pregnant women were 13,250ng/mL, 12,900ng/mL, 11,150ng/mL, 9,430ng/mL, 8,019ng/mL, 6,800ng/mL, 5,850ng/mL, 5,750ng/mL, 5,210ng/mL, 3,420ng/mL at 15 week, 16 week, 17 week, 18 week, 19 week, 20 week, 21 week, 22 week, 23 week, 24 week, respectively. CONCLUSION: This determination of the median values and the normal range of AFAFP level by each gestational week in uncomplicated Korean women could be used reference values for prenatal diagnosis of various disorders like open neural tube defect.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Humans ; Neural Tube Defects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnant Women* ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values* ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis* ; Takayasu Arteritis*

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreatment isolates at a VD Clinic in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1987, 649 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 339(52.2%) were PPNGs. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.
Korea* ; Prevalence* ; Seoul*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Pneumothorax*

No abstract available.
Dopamine ; Parkinson Disease