The cystic lesions within the knee joint are rare, contrary to those located around the knee. They usually are eniscal or ganglion cyst, reported in association with the joint capsule of the knee or the menisci and close to the peroneal tendons. The intraarticular ganglion cyst arising from the cruciate ligaments are rare and cause pain, effusion and limitation of the knee joint. We report (he case of a patient with right knee joint pain caused hy an intraarticular ganglion cyst arising from the posterior cruciate ligament with review of reference.
Ganglion Cysts* ; Humans ; Joint Capsule ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Tendons

An arteriovenous fistula may be defined as a vascular abnormality in which there are one or more direct or indirect communication between an artery and a vein without any intervening capillary bed. Largely, such fistulas are divided into two groups-acquired (traumatic) or congenital in origin. There is a general agreement that congenital A-V fistula results from a failure in differentiation of the common embryonic anlage into true artery and vein. The authors have experienced a case of congenital A-V fistula formed in the 4th finger of the left hand. Such fistula is very difficult to excise completely with the conventional method. But we have obtained the excellent result by utilizing advanced meticulous microsurgical technique in excision.
Arteries ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Capillaries ; Fingers ; Fistula ; Hand ; Methods ; Microsurgery ; Veins

No abstract available.
Hemarthrosis* ; Knee*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The relationship between quantitative structual measurements of the optic nerve head and visual field defects was studied in 150 eyes of 150 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG). The radius and angle of the optic disc and cup were measured every 30 degrees to obtain rim area, rim area to disc area ratio, cup area, and cup to disc ratio with a computer graphic program(Adobe PhotoshopTM) and the photographic magnification was corrected according to Littmann`s method. The visual field indices including mean deviation(MD) and corrected pattern standard deviation(CPSD), using a Humphrey Field Analyzer(C 302) were obtained. Each intrapapillary parameter showed statistically significant linear correlation with MD. And those disc parameters also significantly correlated with CPSD, although this correlation was relatively lower than that of intrapapillary parameter with MD. Rim area to disc area ratio and MD were most highly correlated(r=0.712, p=0.0001), and correlation of rim are with MD followed next(r=0.670, p=0.0001). These findings suggest that intrapapillary parameters in POAG were more correlated with the overall visual field depression(MD) than the localized visual field change(CPSD). The rim area to disc area ratio rather than the rim area itself, was more related to the diffuse visual field defects.
Computer Graphics ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle* ; Humans ; Optic Disk ; Radius ; Visual Fields*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Prostheses and Implants*

Traumatic dislocation of the knee is an uncommon but serious injury associated with extensive soft tissue damage and the danger of neurological and vascular involvement. During the periods from September 1983 to September 1992, we had experienced 21 cases of the traumatic dislocation of knee at the Guro and Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine. The results obtained from this study were as follows ; 1. The age of initial dislocation varied from 11 to 79 years with the average of 32. 8 years and the ratio of male to female was 20: 1. 2. Dislocations were classified into 5 types which were anterior in 9, posterior in 4, medial in 1, lateral in 4 and rotatory in 2 cases and also unclassified in 1 case. 3. Causes of the injury were traffic accident in 9, sports injury in 7, fall down in 4 and industriai injury was 1 case. 4. Complications of traumatic dislocation of the knee included popliteal artery rupture in 3, compartment syndrome in 2 and peroneal nerve palsy in 4 cases. 5. All of ligamentous injuries were repaired and augmented except 2 cases which were treated conservating 10-14 days after trauma and all of the cases of arterial injuries were repaired with an autogenous vein graft. 6. Results were excellent 3, good 12, fair 4, and poor 2 cases by Marvin classification at the average 27 months after operation. 7. Prompt completion of vascular repair is critical to avoid amputation and also operative repair of injured ligaments seems to be good method to yield good results with the improved stability.
Accidents, Traffic ; Amputation ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Compartment Syndromes ; Dislocations ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Male ; Methods ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Popliteal Artery ; Rupture ; Transplants ; Veins

Operative internal fixation of femoral fractures is widely accepted as the best method of treatment but the techniques are by no means devoid of complications, nor are they simple to execute. A method of treatment must be based on the analysis of the :"personality of the fracture", that is, the nature of the fracture and of patient. Mechanical failure such as metal failure, loosening of screw or nail after internal fixation, residual deformity, and nonunion, may impose serious problems on the surgeon and patient unless treatment is appropriate. The authors analyzed 14 mechanical failures of internal fixation in 12 femoral fractures from Dec. 1987 to Aug. 1992 in the department of orthopedic surgery, Ansan Hospital Korea University to study the possible cause of mechanical failure of internal fixation and pursue the way of reducing that complications and obtained the following results. 1. Eleven were males and one was female, most of them were in age of active life. 2. The level of fractures in 12 femorals were subtrochanteric in two, shaft in nine and supracondylar in one. 3. The time interval between internal fixation and failure in 10 failures was 5.5 months on average(range, 3month to 11months). It was uncertain in 4 failures. 4. Mechanical failure were presented as breakage in five plates, loosening of screw in five plates, loosening of screw in two DCP fixation, loosening of nail in one interlocking nail, bending of nail in one Kuntscher nail, one breakage and one bending in two condylar buttres plates, and cutting-out of hip screw in three compression hip screw. 5. The causes of failure were presumed to be improper surgical technique in 7 failures, inadequate selection of internal fixatives in 5 failures, and inadequate postoperative care in 1 case.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Fixatives ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Care