OBJECTIVE: There is a large and increasing body of experimental and clinical data supporting the existence of variable estrogen receptors in both normal and neoplastic estrogen target tissue. Recently, exon 5 deleted estrogen receptor(D5-ER) has been identified in many estrogen dependent tumors. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between uterine myoma and D5-ER. METHODS: The relative amount of wild type estrogen receptor mRNA and D5-ER mRNA were examined in human myometrium and myoma tissue obtained from 12 myoma patients and 12 control subjects by RT-PCR. The correlation between WT/D5-ER ratio and age was also evaluated. RESULTS: There was no difference in expression of D5-ER mRNA not only between myoma and myometrim of the myoma patients, but also between myometrium of myoma patients and normal subjects. No significant correlation was found between D5-ER expression and age of the subjects in myometrial tissue. However, we could find negative correlation between WT/D5-ER ratio and age in myoma tissue. CONCLUSION: Upon these data, we conclude that D5-ER is a common variant mutation of estrogen receptor, which is not related with development of myoma. However, in myoma tissue, there is possibility that D5-ER may act some role in the growth of tumor.
Animals ; Estrogens* ; Exons* ; Female ; Humans* ; Leiomyoma* ; Mice ; Myoma ; Myometrium* ; Receptors, Estrogen ; RNA, Messenger*

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Wounds and Injuries*

The report of the M. pyramidalis was studied in 51 cadavers of Korean adults (male 33, female 18). Origin, insertion and number of this muscle were observed, and the length and breadth were also measured. The results were as follows : 1. The right pyramidal muscle was absent in one male cadaver, and the left pyramidal muscle was absent in two male cadavers. 2. In one male cadaver, pyramidal muscles of both sides had bifurcated origin. 3. In Korean adults, the average length of this muscle was 6.72cm in right, 7.05cm in left, and the breadth was about 2.0cm in both sides. The morphological index was 31.10 in right, and 29.55 in left. 4. In Korean male, the average length of this muscle was 1.93cm in right, 7.42cm in left, and the breadth was 1.93cm in right and 1.92cm in left. The morphological index was 28.70 in right and 26.58 in left. 5. In Korean female, the average length was 6.26cm in right, 6.38cm in left. and the breadth was 2.13cm in right and 2.12cm in left. The morphological index was 35.57 in right and 34.63 in left. 6. Compared with other human races, the pyramidal muscle was less frequently wanting in Asians (3.9%), including the Korean adults, than wanting in European (19.9%), American Whites (20.4%) and Negroes (15.1%). 7. The morphological index of this muscle was little differences existing in male of the human races, but this index was higher in Korean female (35.0) than in Japanese female (24.4) and in American female Whites (25.8). The morphological index was 32.3 in American female Negroes.
Adult* ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cadaver ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Dementia* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Dementia* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Prevalence*

OBJECTIVES: We performed anterior spinal fusion and instrumentation in treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The clinical results of this operation and metal-related complications were evaluated to determine the rationale of anterior instrumentation in active tuberculous lesion. METHODS: From July 1989 to February 1993, we treated twenty-one patients with spinal tuberculosis by radical resection of the tuberculous lesion and bone grafting, followed by anterior instrumentation using Zielke rod system. The changes in spinal deformity were measured from lateral spinal radiographs obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and final follow-up. The recurrence of infection and possible complications were also observed clinically and radiologically. RESULTS: The mean kyphotic angle was decreased preoperatively from 21 degrees to 16 degrees at final follow-up in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculous lesions. The mean deformity angle was corrected 7 degrees in thoracolumbar tuberculosis and 12 degrees in lumbar tuberculosis compared with the preoperative deformity angle. There was not any persistence or recurrence of infection possibly related to the instrumentation. All patients were allowed early ambulation with the aid of a light brace. CONCLUSION: The clinical and radiological results suggested that the anterior instrumentation seemed to be one of the rational approaches for providing immediate stability in treating severe spinal tuberculosis without any significant risk of persistence or recurrence of infection.
Bone Transplantation ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Spinal Fusion ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

Recently, many authors have reported about the relationship of the volumes of hemorrhage in the brain parenchyma, hemorrhagic sites, optimal operation time, and the effects of mannitol and steroid on control of ICP to clinical manifestations. Many attempts to measure ICP in hydrocephalus, brain tumor, and head injury have been reported. But the measurements of intracranial pressure in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage are rare. Intracranial pressure was monitored prospectively in 30 patients who had stereotaxic surgery for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. The results are as follows. 1. Intracranial pressure was increased in high PaCO₂. 2. There were no correlation in ICP, rebleeding and ADL ad discharge (P>0.05). 3. ICP was the most high level in 72 hours after operation. 4. There was 63.2% decrease in ICP after irrigation with 6000 IU urokinase in the site of hemorrhage. 5. There was no correlation between the numbers of natural drainage and ADL at discharge (P>0.05). 6. The higher the initial GCS, the higher the postoperative GCS.
Activities of Daily Living ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Drainage ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Mannitol ; Prospective Studies ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

In advent of high-resolutional CT and MRI, it is not so difficult to detect the lumbar synovial cyst, however the unusual disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of cauda equine compression syndromes. The case of a 55-year-old man who had a low back pain and severe radiating pain on both legs showed a retrolisthesis at L3-4 and L4-5 and epidural enhancing mass just around L4-5 facet joint on MRI. Microscopically a lining of synovial tissue was demonstrated. After surgery of the total resection of synovial cyst and stabilization, the patient's presenting symptoms were improved.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Synovial Cyst* ; Zygapophyseal Joint

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

p53 suppressor gene expression and protein production increases in response to DNA damage and the subsequent cell cycle prolongation permits DNA repair or, in the severe cases, leads to apoptosis. These concepts led us to investigate the expression of p53 as a potential key regulator of DNA repair in the cornea after mechanical-and chemical-induced injury. Mechanical-induced injury was performed by denuding a4mmdiameter area of the central epithelium from the corneas of Sprague Dawley rats. Chemical-induced injury was performed by applying a 3.5 mmdiameter filter paper disc of saturated n-heptanol to the cornea. Samples were collected on the 1st 3rd and 7th day of treatment. We performed immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis on corneal buttons. Control group did not receive any treatment. The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that p53 is localized in the anterior stromal keratocytes. Western blot analysis indicated p53 bandsin the lanes of the mechanically and the chemically injured corneas. Our results suggest that injury to the corneal epithelium triggers the activation of p53.
Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; Cornea* ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Genes, Suppressor* ; Heptanol ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley