BACKGROUND: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the Incentive Spirometry (IS) and Deep Breathing Exercises (DBE) to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery in patients over 60 years of age. METHODS: We prospectively randomized 90 patients into 1 of 3 groups: the control group (30 patients) received no respiratory treatment, the IS group (30 patients) was treated with incentive spirometry 4 times daily and DBE group (30 patients) carried out deep breathing exercises under supervision for 15 min 4 times daily. ABGA was taken at ward, PR (preop.room), RR (recovery room), POD1 day and POD2 day. Roentgenographic changes observed at 24 h. and 48 h. after surgery. Pulmonary complications were defined as the development of 3 or more of 6 new findings: cough, sputum, dyspnea, chest discomfort, temperature greater than 38oC, pulse rate more than 100 beats/min. RESULTS: PaO2 in the DBE group and IS group at PR were significantly increased than the values at ward, and the values of the PaO2 in the DBE group at RR and POD1 day, and those of IS group at PR and POD2 day were significant higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of development of pulmonary complications (43.3% in the control group, 20% in the DBE group, 20% in the IS group) and roentgenographic changes were comparable in the 3 groups (26.7%, 16.7%, 20% respectively). The DBE group showed the different incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications between upper and lower abdominal surgery (upper: lower= 35.7: 6.3%). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that DBE and IS were effective in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery and lower abdominal surgery causes lesser postoperative pulmonary complications than upper abdominal surgery.
Breathing Exercises ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Motivation* ; Organization and Administration ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration* ; Spirometry* ; Sputum ; Thorax

Diabetes insipidus(DI) of central origin is a clinical syndrome resulting from low blood levels of antidiuretic hormone secreted from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which is usually caused by lesions involving the hypothalamus-neurohypophyseal axis. MR imaging can reveal absence of the posterior pituitary bright signal(PPBS)in DI. The authors reviewed four patients with intracranial germinomas who had DI due to hypothalamus involvement. All patients before radiotherapy revealed absence of PPBS on MRI. Three cases recovered from DI after radiotherapy and showed reappearance of PPBS. Another one patients who continued DI didn't show signal change of the posterior pituitary gland. Ws speculated that the reappearance of PPBS is related to clinical improvement of DI.
Diabetes Insipidus* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Germinoma* ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior ; Radiotherapy*

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Atrial* ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Ventricular Septum*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

The authors did clinical analysis for 37 cases, ranging from 5 to 13 year old of age and following result obtained. 1. In group I partial involved type had brightful prognosis even in the neglected the cases. 2. Ischeal brace did not give any help to group II & III but in group I, it gave some help to the prognosis. 3. In untreated cases of old age group developed early arthritic changes. 4. The inital radiological bony changes in early L-C-P. cases was the demineralization of the subchondral area and subsequently subohondral vaccum phenomena followed.
Braces ; Humans ; Prognosis

Injuries are serious problem common to all societies. Yet even within a single community, groups of injured persons differ as to the nature and severity of their injuries. The difficulty of adjusting for such variations has hampered scientific study of injured persons. Neverthless it is essential to take differences in severity of injury into account when comparing the morhidity & mortality of various groups for the purpose of evaluating their emergency & subsequent care. In order to provide the guidelines of mass emergency care & transportation, the authors analysed the 206 injured patients of train accident at Kyungsan, May 14th, 1981 and compared mortality with severity and body system of the injuries. The results were obtained as follows: l. Of 206 injured patients, most were young people & the ratio of male & female was about equal. 2. Extremities were the most frequently injured parts of body system & single injury was more common. 3. According to most severe injury of AIS, 78% of injured persons belonged to below AIS grade 3 and none was dead. 4. Average ISS of survival groups was 6 and that of death groups was 34. None was dead below average ISS of 15. 5. Death rate was higher for patients above 50 years of age, than that for young patients and there was no age difference in mortality for ISS of 50 and higher. 6. Majority of death group were invclved in multiple injuries and major cause of death were chest and head injuries. 7. Average ISS and age of hospital death group were less than those of DOA group. 8. The authors thought that it was necessary to estahlish Emergency Service System including training and education of both professionals and the pulic, hospital categorization, communication and transportation system for the mass emergency care.
Cause of Death ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Education ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Extremities ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Mortality ; Multiple Trauma ; Thorax ; Transportation

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers* ; Vaccination*