No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

Prior brief ischemic insult was reported to protect the hippocampal CA1 neurons from delayed neuronal death following global ischemia. Mechanisms of such protective effects have, however, remained unclear. The study was conducted to confirm whether the preceding cortical infarction exerts protective effects on the adjacent hippocampal CA1 neurons against the subsequent global ischemia and to reactive astrocytosis to the mechanisms of protective effects. Male, mongolian gerbils, aged 12-15 weeks and weighing 70-90g, were anethetized with ketamine by intraperitoneal injections, and a small cortical infarction in the unilateral parietal cortex was made by infusing of magnetic ferrite particles which were followed by subsequent global ischemia for 5 minutes on 1, 3 and 7 days later. One week following the subsequent global ischemia, the neuronal degeneration in the hippocampal CA1 regions was examined by Hematoxylin-eosin stain. Immunohistochemistry using GFAP antibody was carried out for evaluating the time course of astrocytic reactivity after 1, 3, and 7 days of cortical infarction. The neuronal degeneration of CA1 regions in the ipsilateral hippocampus preceded by the cortical infarction was less severe than those in the contralateral ones. The differences of neuronal degeneration between both of hemispheres was clearly more prominent in animals whose global ischemia was induced at 1 and 3 days cortical infarctions than 7 days. However, the reactivity of GFAP astrocyte was minimal at 1 day but markedly increased at 3 and 7 days after cortical infarction. This present study confirmed that the preceding cortical infarction may protect the adjacent ipsilateral CA1 neurons from the subsequent global ischemic insult with its protective effect being most remarkable at 1 and 3 days but less at 7 days after cortical infarction. However, the degree of reactive astrocytosis measured by GFAP immunohistochemistry did not correlate well with the degree of neuroprotection, thus it did not fully account for the mechanisms of such protective effect.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; Gerbillinae ; Gliosis ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infarction* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Ischemia ; Ketamine ; Male ; Neurons* ; Rabeprazole

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue* ; Prurigo*

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue* ; Prurigo*

Apert syndrome is an uncommon congenital disorder characterized by malformation of the skull in association with symmetrical syndactyly of both hands and feet. This syndrome is autosornal dominant. The original description was presented by Apert in 1906. Since then more than 200 cases have been reported in the world. Recently, we experienced a case of newhorn male infant with congenital anomalies of the skull and extremities. Molecular biologically, he was found to have Ser252Try mutation in the FGFR2 exonIIIa. A brief review of literature was made.
Acrocephalosyndactylia ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Fibroblast Growth Factors* ; Fibroblasts* ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2* ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor* ; Skull ; Syndactyly

BACKBROUND AND PURPOSE: The flow diverting effect of a low-wall coverage stent remains controversial. We evaluted patients who underwent stenting for small aneurysms with a low but potential risk of growth and reviewed related literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 9 small aneurysms among 19 unruptured intracranial aneurysms from eight patients who underwent stenting. The patients had unexplainable severe headache (n = 8), aneurysm originating from the anterior choroidal artery (n = 3), potential growth or rupture risks including hypertension (n = 5), and multiple aneurysms (n = 6). Stents with a relatively low-wall coverage ratio (8-10%) were used. Clinical and angiographic outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: One (n = 8) or two stents (n = 1) were used without any procedural difficulties or complications. Although no immediate changes of aneurysm morphology were observed, aneurysms decreased in size (n = 8) when examined by DSA (n = 8) or MRA (n = 1) during a median 28.9-month follow-up. There were no adverse events, including thromboembolism, aneurysm rupture, or stent movement during a median 31.9-month clinical follow-up (range: 17-69 months). CONCLUSION: Although a variable degree of aneurysm size decrease may not prevent further growth or rupture of small aneurysms, stenting with a low-wall coverage ratio may have some advantageous hemodynamic effect. Flow modification of stent architecture vs. aneurysm characteristics, including size and location, on long-term outcome, requires further clarification.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Choroid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Rupture ; Stents* ; Thromboembolism

Bronchial foreign body aspirations are uncommon in adults and usually have various underlying conditions, otherwise accidentally occurred in dental procedure, medical, surgical procedure. The most commonly aspirated objects were food materials, with peanuts leading the list. When bronchial foreign body was aspirated, no definite respiratory symptoms or foreign body is may not seen, then diagnosis is delayed. Therefore late complications was developed. The tendency to use fiberoptic bronchoscope for removal of foreign bodies in adults is increased. We report a rare case of bronchial pneumonia due to occult aspiration of a twig before 1 year with a review of the literatures.
Adult ; Arachis ; Aspirations (Psychology) ; Bronchopneumonia ; Bronchoscopes ; Diagnosis ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Pneumonia*

No abstract available.
Dental Cementum* ; Dental Enamel* ; Fibroblasts* ; Gene Expression*

PURPOSE: This study assessed the impact of self-reported periodontal health on the oral health-related quality of life among elderly Koreans. METHODS: Four hundred twenty one elderly Koreans in Seoul and suburban areas were selected with a cluster (institution) sampling method, and were requested to take oral examinations and finish questionnaires on the Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14), and self-reported periodontal health status, such as periodontal symptoms, self-rated periodontal health and periodontal treatment need. As the dependent variable, OHIP-14 showed a positive skewed distribution (skewness: 1.17), we transformed to square-root form to apply parametric analyses. Bivariate analysis by t-test and ANOVA, and multivariate analysis with the two-level regression model accounting clusters were implemented. RESULTS: Mean age of the subjects was 74.6 years and 66.5% were women. Fourteen items of OHIP-14 were summarized to one factor explaining 78.6% of total variance and produced the Chronbach alpha coefficient of 0.92. Results from the multivariate model, adjusting for age, sex, type of institutions, ability to pay, and number of teeth present, showed significantly lower OHIP-14 with reporting less than 3 periodontal symptoms (p<0.0001), rating their own periodontal health as above average level (p=0.0144), and thinking they don't need any periodontal treatments in the near future (p=0.0148), than their counterparts. The intraclass-corrrelation estimated by the final model was 0.028. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a significant association between self-reported periodontal health status and the oral health-related quality of life.
Aged* ; Diagnosis, Oral ; Female ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Oral Health ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Thinking ; Tooth

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The one-day rivastigmine patch is reportedly well tolerated and has minimal side effects. However, Asian patients show more side effects than those in Western countries. We evaluated tolerability of the rivastigmine patch in South Korean patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the specific factors affecting adverse events of the skin. METHODS: A 6-month, open labeled, multi-centered, observational study was carried out in 440 patients with probable AD from July 2009 to September 2010 (NCT01312363). RESULTS: A total of 25.9% of the patients experienced adverse skin events at the rivastigmine patch application site and 17.0% discontinued treatment due to adverse events at the skin application site. The most common adverse events were itching and erythema. Patients with an allergic history and users of electric heating appliances reported skin discomfort. Older age was associated with discontinuing treatment. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the rivastigmine patch induced some adverse skin events and may contribute to understanding and improving skin tolerability to the rivastigmine patch.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Erythema ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Observational Study ; Pruritus ; Skin* ; Rivastigmine