No abstract available.
Brain* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Wandering Spleen*

OBJECTIVE: Heat shock protein family is related to protective mechanism of cells by environmental changes. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) expression in mouse ovarian tissue. METHODS: Cryopreservation of mouse ovarian tissue was carried out by slow freezing method. The mRNA level of Hsp90 expression in both fresh and cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue was analyzed by RT-PCR. The protein expression of Hsp90 was evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The mRNA and protein of Hsp90 were expressed in both fresh and cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue. The amount of Hsp90 mRNA was increased in cryopreserved ovarian tissue after 60 and 90 minutes after thawing and incubation. The amount of Hsp90 protein was increased in the cryopreserved ovarian tissue after 6 hours of the incubation in Western blot analysis. In immunohistochemical study, Hsp90 protein was localized in cytoplasm of oocytes and granulosa cells. Significant level of immunoreactive Hsp90 protein was detected in theca cells contrast to the weak expression in ovarian epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: This results showed the increase of Hsp90 expression in both mRNA and protein level in the cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue. It can be suggested that Hsp90 may play a role in the protective or recovery mechanism against the cell damage during cryopreservaion.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cryopreservation* ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Freezing ; Granulosa Cells ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice* ; Oocytes ; RNA, Messenger ; Theca Cells

No abstract available.
Humans ; Poroma* ; Tissue Donors*

Leiomyoma of the female urethra is a very rare entity. A case of leiomyoma of the female urethra arising from the anterior lip of the external urethral meatus in a forty-year-old female is presented. The presenting symptoms were awareness of a mass and recurrent urinary tract infection. The mass was resected surgically and confirmed as a leiomyoma histologically.
Female* ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Lip ; Urethra* ; Urinary Tract Infections

Traditionally, evaluation after ACL reconstruction has been focused on physical characteristics and measures of knee stability. Recently, however, reliance on such criteria has been refuted based on the lack of a strong relationship between these measures and both the patient s perception of knee function and return to sports activity. In present study, preoperative and postoperative physical examinations, isokinetic dynamometer, arthrometer test and functional tests were performed on 17 patients with chronic anterior cruciate ligament tears treated by arthroscopic reconstruction using autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft with at least 1 year of follow-up. Muscle power, joint stability and functional recovery were checked for functional evaluation by specific methods. Lysholm score rating scale and functional tests (single leg hop test, vertical jump test, timed single jump test) were performed preoperatively and 6, 12 months postoperatively. Pivot-shift test, Lachman test, anterior drawer test, thigh circumference index and Cybex II+ isokinetic dynamometer test were done preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively. KT-2000 arthrometer test was done at last follow-up. Lysholm score has showed increasing tendency at 6, 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.01). In Cybex study, deficit percentage of peak torque and total work of the quadriceps and hamstrings was same or slightly decreased at 3, 6 months, but have decreased at 1 year follow-up (p < 0.01). Functional tests and physical examinations have also showed improving tendency at 12 months (p < 0.01). Arthrometer test revealed no significant laxity of the knee joint at last follow-up. In conclusion, muscle strengh and functional capacity in ACL reconstructed knee showed significant improvement at postoperative one year compared with preoperative status. It was considered that arthroscopic reconstruction using autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft is one of the useful method for chronic anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Autografts* ; Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humulus ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Muscle Strength* ; Patellar Ligament* ; Physical Examination ; Sports ; Thigh ; Torque

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical features that necessitate a temporary stoma for the treatment of colonoscopic perforations. RESULTS: Between January 2000 and July 2006, 30 patients were treated for colonoscopic perforation. Based on the perforation sites, we classified these patients into the following groups: proximal colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum; we then reviewed clinical data, including the time to operation and management. RESULTS: Seventeen patients had a perforation during the diagnostic colonoscopy. Of these patients, 14 patients had sigmoid colon perforation. Six underwent an operation within 10 hours after perforation. Of these six, four were managed by primary repair or resection with anastomosis, one sigmoid colon cancer patient by anterior resection, and one rectal cancer patient by low anterior resection with diverting ileostomy. Eight patients underwent more than 12 hours after perforation. Of these eight, three were managed by resection with anastomosis and diverting ileostomy and five by resection with end colostomy. Thirteen patients had a perforation during the therapeutic colonoscopy. Of these patients, 10 patients had a proximal colon perforation. Of these 10, 3 without fever or peritonitis symptom were managed by conservative management, 6 by primary repair or resection with anastomosis, and 1 transverse colon cancer patient by right hemicolectomy. Three patients had sigmoid colon perforation. Of these three, one was managed by primary repair, one by resection with anastomosis, and one sigmoid colon cancer patient by anterior resection. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of perforation, the site of the perforation, and the time to operation are associated with intraperitoneal contamination and have an influence on surgical treatment.
Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colon, Transverse ; Colonoscopy ; Colostomy ; Fever ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Peritonitis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Sigmoid Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: Cystoscopy has been included as diagnostic procedure for pretreatment evaluation of cervical cancer by FIGO. However, its invasiveness brings up a question regarding the necessity of inclusion in staging work up of cervical cancer. We performed this study to evaluate the clinical implication of cystoscopy in cervical cancer staging. METHODS: 128 patients with invasive cervical cancer patients who were histologically diagnosed from Jan 1995 to Dec 1999 were retrospectively reviewed. Physical examination, computed tomography (CT), cystoscopy were performed in all patients. The distribution of FIGO stage was Ib 48.4%, II 35.2%, III 8.6%, and IV 7.8%. Bladder invasion was evaluated in CT and histopathologic examination was performed on cystoscopy when invasion was suspected. McNemar test was used to compare the finding in CT and cystoscopy for matched patients. P-value of 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS: Among seven patients whose bladder was suspected to be invaded by cervical cancer in CT scan, three patients had actual bladder invasion confirmed by cystoscopy (positive predictive rate = 42.9%). CT was statistically comparable to cystoscopy (P = 0.375, McNemar test; contingency coefficient = 0.481). CONCLUSION: Cystoscopy, which is an invasive procedure, may not be necessary and might be substituted by CT scan for pretreatment evaluation in some subset of cervical cancer patients.
Cystoscopy* ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVE: We previously reported excellent early and midterm clinical results of anterior cervical microforaminotomy (ACMF) for patients with cervical radiculopathy caused by disc herniation or foraminal stenosis. ACMF is accepted as a minimally invasive functional spinal surgery, but its long-term outcomes are unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic results of ACMF. METHODS: We performed a questionnaire survey and retrospective analysis of 13 patients with cervical radiculopathy who underwent ACMF from 1998 to 2002. Clinical and radiographic data from these 13 patients (one-level operations in seven patients, and two-level operations in six patients) were analysed. We measured disc height, sagittal plane displacement and sagittal plane angulation to evaluate instability. RESULTS: Thirteen patients answered the questionnaires. Mean follow-up was 77.3 months (ranged from 498 to 110 months). The surgical outcome was excellent in three patients (23%) and good in nine patients (69%). One patient had only a fair outcome, but there were no cases of recurrence, reoperation or additional surgery. Twelve of 13 patients were satisfied with the results of their surgery. On the average, the loss of disc height was 0.84mm(16.6% of preoperative disc height), increase of displacement was 0.47mm and increase of sagittal plane angulation was 0.65degrees. All patients maintained stability during the follow-up period. Although the patient sample included in this study is a different sample from that surveyed in our previous study of mid-term results, the long-term radiographic outcomes showed that the parameters of instability tended to decrease in comparison to those midterm results. Three-dimensional computed tomography scans showed signs indicative of bone remodeling, including regrowth of the resected bone and gradual fusion around the uncovertebral joint (UVJ) where ACMF was performed. In spite of bone regeneration around the UVJ, the neural foramen appeared to be well maintained in all patients. CONCLUSION: In the long-term, ACMF is clinically effective method for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy, although disc height was decreased and sagittal angulation was increased. UVJ with mild hypermobility that was apparent at midterm appears to be restored during long-term follow-up. The efficacy of this procedure should be evaluated in additional studies involving large patient series.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Remodeling ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Joints ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Radiculopathy ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylosis