Liver innate immunity plays an important role in the defense against pathogen invasion.The mechanisms of liver innate immunity for defending against pathogen invasion are reviewed,including the special anatomical and physiological characteristics of the liver,the fea-tures of innate immune cells in the liver (liver-settled cells and cells raised from blood circulation)and their function and relationship with each other in pathogen invasion,the process of pathogen identification and effect of liver innate immune cells,and the mechanism of liver immune injury and immune tolerance.Given current research on innate immune cells and innate immune molecules in the liver,further stud-ies should be conducted to understand the connection and difference between liver innate immunity and systemic immunity,thus promoting the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases and deeper research.

Physiological monitoring devices in modern clinical area are basically used electrodes or sensors directly touching the surface of human subject body, which will increase physiological and psychological load of the subjects. In order to realize non-contact monitoring of respiration and heartbeat, firstly, the micro bioradar was used to detect human body motion signal. Then, the respiration signal and heartbeat signal was extracted from the body-motion signal by using signal and conditioning circuits, digital filter and signal processing. Finally, the results of heart rate and breathing rate was wirelessly transmitted. The experimental results showed that the device for non-contact monitoring of respiration and heartbeat waveforms has advantages of small volume, low power consumption, which can realize the monitoring of physiological parameters in real time.
Heart Rate ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Respiration ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted