Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and postoperative liver function in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) or TACE combined with portal vein chemoembolization.Methods 48 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma, randomly divided into 2 groups (hepatic artery group in 25 cases and dual interventional group in 23 cases),underwent interventional treatment.The hepatic artery group underwent conventional hepatic artery interventional therapy, while the dual interventional group underwent hepatic artery and portal vein interventional treatment.The postoperative clinical efficiency, liver volume and liver function between the two groups'' patients were compared.Results To the endpoint of observation,the clinical efficacy and tumor reduction degree of dual interventional group were better than that of hepatic artery group.Compared with hepatic artery group, the postoperative ALT, AST and TBIL of dual interventional group were higher on the first and third days.On the seventh and fourteenth days, the statistical difference was not significant.The volume of non-embolization part in dual interventional group was larger than that in preoperative volume to different degrees.The most obvious change of liver volume happened in the 4th weeks after treatment.There was no treatment-related death or severe adverse reaction in two groups.Conclusion The treatment of TACE combined with portal vein chemoembolization is a safe and effective method, which may effectively inhibit the growth and reduce the volume of tumor, and result in compensatory hypertrophy of non-embolization part.

Objective To systematically evaluate and analyze the qualitative research on the experience of maintenance hemodialysis patients,so as to provide references for the implementation of exercise interventions in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods We searched databases including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,PsycINFO,CINAHL,CBM,CNKI,WanFang Database and VIP from inception to September 30,2022,to collect qualitative studies about exercise experience of maintenance hemodialysis patients.The quality of included studies was evaluated according to JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies in Australia.The results were integrated by integrating methods.Results A total of 14 studies were included.47 completed findings were grouped according to their similarities to form 12 categories.These categories resulted in 4 synthesized findings.Integration results 1:recognizing the positive effects and potential risks of intradialytic exercise.Integration results 2:barriers and facilitators of intradialytic exercise.Integration results 3:needs of intradialytic exercise.Integration results 4:exercise experience on non-dialysis day.Conclusion The experience and needs of maintenance hemodialysis patients should be considered to ensure patient compliance and continuity when exercise programs were designed.

OBJECTIVE：To establish the m ethod for simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolium broken pieces. METHODS ：HPLC-DAD method was used to determine the contents of ginsenoside Rg 1，Re，Rb1， Rc，Ro，Rb2，Rb3，Rd in P. quinquefolium broken pieces. The determination was performed on Agilent 5 TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.2％ phosphoric acid water solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm，and sample size was 10 μL. Ginsenoside Re and ginsenoside Rb 2 were used as control ，liner calibration with two-reference substances correction was used to predict the retention time of other 6 components，and was compared with the relative retention time method. Using ginsenoside Re as control ， above components were quantified by the relative correction factor method ，and the results were compared with the external standard method. RESULTS ：The contents of ginsenoside Rg 1，Re，Rb1，Rc，Ro，Rb2，Rb3，Rd were 10.59-12.78，2.160-2.768， 27.492-38.880，3.154-4.018，3.368-4.080，0.343-0.755，0.961-1.415，5.857-6.923 mg/g. The accuracy of two-reference substances linear correction method to predict the retention time of components was higher ，and the absolute deviation of the predicted retention time was lower than that of the relative retention time method. There was no significant difference between the relative correction factor method and the external standard method ，and relative error was ＜3％ . CONCLUSIONS ：Established two-reference substances for determination of multiple components can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of 8 kinds of ginsensides in P. quinquefolium broken pieces simultaneously and accurately.

OBJECTIVE：To establish the content determination me thod of 3 mono/disaccharides in 3 kinds of medicinal Dendrobii Caulis. METHODS ：HPLC-CAD method was established. The determination was performed on Shodex Asahipak NH2P-50 4E column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （75 ∶ 25，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，and sample size was 10 µL. CAD detection condition included that data acquisition frequency was 5 Hz，filter constant was 5 s，atomization temperature was 35 ℃ ，gas source was nitrogen with pressure of 4.012 × 105 Pa. RESULTS：The linear range of fructose ，D-anhydrous glucose and sucrose were 0.156 2-1.873 8 mg/mL（r＝0.999 5），0.012 7- 0.152 4 mg/mL（r＝0.999 7），0.277 6-3.331 2 mg/mL（r＝0.999 8），respectively. The limits of quantification were 0.002 61，0.004 24 and 0.005 12 mg/mL，and the limits of detection were 0.000 78，0.001 27 and 0.001 54 mg/mL，respectively. RSDs of precision ， stability，reproducibility and durability tests were all lower than 3％. The recoveries were 95.98％-98.15％（RSD＝0.83％，n＝6）， 95.64％-98.62％（RSD＝1.10％，n＝6）and 97.53％-98.94％（RSD＝0.53％，n＝6）. The contents of them were 0.28％-1.12％， 0.02％-0.13％，0.76％-2.67％，respectively. The total content was 1.38％～3.10％. The order of saccharide content in 3 kinds of Dendrobii Caulis was sucrose ＞fructose＞D-anhydrous glucose ；the order of sucrose content and total content were Dendrobium huoshanense＞D. moniliforme ＞D. officinale ；the order of D-anhydrous glucose content was D. huoshanense ＞D. officinale ＞D. moniliforme； the order of fructose content was D. moniliforme ＞D. officinale ＞D. huoshanense . CONCLUSIONS ：Established method is sensitive ，reproducible and simple in operation ，and can be used for content determination of 3 saccharides in 3 kinds of medicinal Dendrobii Caulis. There are differences in the contents of saccharide s among 3 kinds of Dendrobii Caulis.

Objective To investigate the effect of LAG-3 deficiency (LAG3^-/-) on natural killer (NK) cell function and hepatic fibrosis in mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis. Methods C57BL/6 mice, each weighing (20 ± 2) g, were divided into the LAG3^-/- and wild type (WT) groups, and each mouse in both groups was inoculated with 3 000 E. multilocularis protoscoleces via the hepatic portal vein. Mouse liver and spleen specimens were collected 12 weeks post-infection, sectioned and stained with sirius red, and the hepatic lesions and fibrosis were observed. Mouse hepatic and splenic lymphocytes were isolated, and flow cytometry was performed to detect the proportions of hepatic and splenic NK cells, the expression of CD44, CD25 and CD69 molecules on NK cell surface, and the secretion of interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10 and IL-17A. Results Sirius red staining showed widening of inflammatory cell bands and hyperplasia of fibrotic connective tissues around mouse hepatic lesions, as well as increased deposition of collagen fibers in the LAG3-/-group relative to the WT group. Flow cytometry revealed lower proportions of mouse hepatic (6.29% ± 1.06% vs. 11.91% ± 1.85%, P < 0.000 1) and splenic NK cells (4.44% ± 1.22% vs. 5.85% ± 1.10%, P > 0.05) in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group, and the mean fluorescence intensity of CD44 was higher on the surface of mouse hepatic NK cells in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group (t = −3.234, P < 0.01), while no significant differences were found in the mean fluorescence intensity of CD25 or CD69 on the surface of mouse hepaticNK cells between the LAG3^-/- and WT groups (both P values > 0.05). There were significant differences between the LAG3^-/- and WT groups in terms of the percentages of IFN-γ (t = −0.723, P > 0.05), TNF-α (t = −0.659, P > 0.05), IL-4 (t = −0.263, P > 0.05), IL-10 (t = −0.455, P > 0.05) or IL-17A secreted by mouse hepatic NK cells (t = 0.091, P > 0.05), and the percentage of IFN-γ secreted by mouse splenic NK cells was higher in the LAG3^-/- group than in the WT group (58.40% ± 1.64% vs. 50.40% ± 4.13%; t = −4.042, P < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the proportions of TNF-α (t = −1.902, P > 0.05), IL-4 (t = −1.333, P > 0.05), IL-10 (t = −1.356, P > 0.05) or IL-17A secreted by mouse splenic NK cells (t = 0.529, P > 0.05). Conclusions During the course of E. multilocularis infections, LAG3^-/- promotes high-level secretion of IFN-γ by splenic NK cells, which may participate in the reversal the immune function of NK cells, resulting in aggravation of hepatic fibrosis.