OBJECTIVETo observe changes in velopharyngeal airway condition post pharyngoplasty.

METHODSThirty-five patients underwent sphincter pharyngoplasty (SPP) or pharyngeal flap (PF). The follow-up period was approximately six months. Duration of velopharyngeal airway obstruction was recorded.

RESULTSAverage obstruction duration was (42.8 +/- 32.4) d. No significant difference in obstruction duration was found between the SPP and PF groups. Twenty-eight patients complained of mouth and lip dryness. Thirty-four patients experienced snoring while sleeping.

CONCLUSIONAverage obstruction duration post pharyngoplasty is 42.8 d. Oral respiration and snoring are common complications.

Face ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Speech ; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

Contributing to organ formation and tissue regeneration, extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents provide tissue with three-dimensional (3D) structural integrity and cellular-function regulation. Containing the crucial traits of the cellular microenvironment, ECM substitutes mediate cell-matrix interactions to prompt stem-cell proliferation and differentiation for 3D organoid construction in vitro or tissue regeneration in vivo. However, these ECMs are often applied generically and have yet to be extensively developed for specific cell types in 3D cultures. Cultured cells also produce rich ECM, particularly stromal cells. Cellular ECM improves 3D culture development in vitro and tissue remodeling during wound healing after implantation into the host as well. Gaining better insight into ECM derived from either tissue or cells that regulate 3D tissue reconstruction or organ regeneration helps us to select, produce, and implant the most suitable ECM and thus promote 3D organoid culture and tissue remodeling for in vivo regeneration. Overall, the decellularization methodologies and tissue/cell-derived ECM as scaffolds or cellular-growth supplements used in cell propagation and differentiation for 3D tissue culture in vitro are discussed. Moreover, current preclinical applications by which ECM components modulate the wound-healing process are reviewed.
Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Decellularized Extracellular Matrix ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry*

Objective:To evaluate the data quality of Shenzhen Type 1 Diabetes Alliance (SZT1D), and to provide a basis for evaluation and improvement for the continuous improvement of data quality.Methods:From December 2018 to July 2021, 697 first-visit type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients (including 501 in Shenzhen and 196 out-of-Shenzhen) and 120 re-visited T1DM patients (including 113 in Shenzhen and 7 out-of-Shenzhen) who were registered by SZT1D in collaborative research platform network of China Type 1 Diabetes Alliance (hereinafter referred to as China T1D). The data quality was evaluated from three dimensions: data completion, accuracy and revisit. The data completion degree was evaluated by the overall data completion degree and the key indicator completion degree; the data accuracy was evaluated by the probability of abnormal blood glucose value; the patient′s return visit was evaluated by the return visit rate.Results:The main characteristics of T1DM in SZT1D were young and middle-aged adults [age: (34.4±17.1)years] with thin body [BMI: (19.80±3.52)kg/m 2)], half of male and female patients [proportion of male: 52.4%(365/697)]; the main types of diagnosis were classical T1DM [65.22%(150/230)] and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA) [26.08%(60/230)], and the fasting blood glucose (FPG) [(10.93±6.98)mmol/L] and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) [(10.63±3.01)%] were high. The average completion rate of the overall data of the first diagnosed patients in SZT1D was only 60% [(62.9±31.5)%]: the number of patients with overall data completion ≥80% in SZT1D was only 50.2%(350/697); the number of patients with overall data completion ≥80% in Shenzhen was less than that outside Shenzhen [44.3%(222/501) vs 65.3%(128/196), P<0.001]. The key indicators with better completion rate of first-visit were disease course [76.2%(531/697)], age of onset [75.8%(528/697)], family history of diabetes [74.9%(522/697)], etc., but none of them had a completion rate of more than 80%, and the diabetes self-management behavior assessment questionnaire and scale score were completely missing; the frequency of daily blood glucose monitoring [46.1%(231/501) vs 64.3%(126/196), P<0.001], current insulin regimen [44.3%(222/501) vs 63.3%(124/196), P<0.001], number of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) since the onset of the disease [45.7%(229/501) vs 64.8%(127/196), P<0.001] and the number of symptomatic hypoglycemia in the past 1 month [39.3%(197/501) vs 63.8%(125/196), P<0.001] were higher in Shenzhen than those reported outside Shenzhen. In addition, the probability of abnormal FPG and postprandial glucose (PPG) [5.2%(24/466); 3.8%(19/236)] were low. The revisit rate was not high [17.2%(120/697)], and the revisit rate in Shenzhen was higher than that outside Shenzhen [22.6%(113/501) vs 3.6%(7/196), P<0.001]. The first revisit rate was 16.2%(113/697) and the second revisit rate was seriously insufficient [1.0%(7/697)]. Conclusions:The data quality of T1DM patients recorded by SZT1D needs to be further improved. Improving the information interconnection between China-T1D and SZT1D, employing quality control personnel and building a systematic data quality evaluation analysis and feedback mechanism are methods to promote the comprehensive, accurate and efficient input of T1DM data and continuously improve the evaluation methods to improve the overall data quality.

OBJECTIVE To study the toxicity of the extract from Mi ao medicine Wikstroemia indica to zebrafish . METHODS Zebrafish embryo model was used as the object ，after exposure to W. indica extract （10，20，40 μg/mL），the number of spontaneous twitching within 1 min，heart rate within 10 s，the occurrence of malformation and death were detected and recorded . Zebrafish was used as the object ，after exposure to W. indica extract（10-100 μg/mL）for 24，48 and 72 h，and the median lethal concentration（LC50）of W. indica extract to zebrafish at different time points were calculated . After exposure to low ，medium and high concentration （27，37，51 μg/mL）of W. indica extract，the liver phenotype ，hepatocyte apoptosis and lipid deposition of zebrafish were observed ，and the activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT），aspartate aminotransferase （AST）and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）in liver tissue were detected . RESULTS Compared with blank group ，the number of spontaneous twitching ， malformation rate （except for 10 μg/mL group ）and mortality of embryos increased significantly in 10，20，40 μg/mL groups of W. indica extract，and the heart rate （except for 10，20 μg/mL group ）of embryos decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. LC50 of W. indica extract to zebrafish at 24，48 and 72 h were 39.850，28.300 and 21.490 μg/mL，respectively. After drug treatment ，the transparency of liver area of zebrafish in low ，medium and high concentration groups of W. indica extract reduced and their shape were enlarged；apoptosis and lipid deposition increased ；the activities of ALT ，AST and LDH in liver tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Miao medicine W. indica extract had develop mental toxicity to zebrafish embryos and he patotoxicity to zebrafish .